Answer: Breaking chemical bonds.
Explanation: The number of atoms before and after the chemical range is the same but the number of molecules will change.
Help please (people that are going to help)
Answer:
5. The study of embryology shows that the embryos of most vertebrates have similar structures and appearences.
Name the organelles that store neurotransmitter molecules within the distal end of a motor neuron axon.
The organelles that store neurotransmitter molecules at the distal end of a motor neuron axon are known as synaptic vesicles.
Synaptic vesicles are sac-like structures in neurons that uptake and store the neurotransmitter molecules before releasing them into the synapse during signal transmission in neurons. They are found at the axon terminal close to the presynaptic membrane.
They also contain peptides, small ribonucleic acids (sRNAs), microRNAs (miRNA), and transfer RNA fragments (trfRNA). During signal transmission, the influx of calcium ions triggers the release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles at the synaptic cleft. Then, this neurotransmitter interacts with the receptors in the postsynaptic membrane to open or close the ion channels in them.
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Centromeres split apart during _______.
pls help
Answer:
Anaphase
Explanation: During anaphase, the centromere splits, allowing the sister chromatids to separate.
in an epinephrine-triggered signal transduction pathway, how would cellular response most likely be affected if epinephrine could not bind with the receptor protein? g proteins would remain inactive and prevent signal amplification from occurring. non-specific signaling would occur, and epinephrine would bind to different receptors. signal amplification would occur in the extracellular fluid rather than inside the cell. the cell could not receive termination signals and carry out inactivation.
Answer: G proteins would remain inactive and prevent signal amplification from occurring.
Explanation:
G proteins would remain inactive and prevent signal amplification from occurring. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is epinephrine-triggered signal transduction pathway?Epinephrine causes the creation of the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP when it attaches to its receptor on a muscle cell (a kind of G protein-coupled receptor) (cAMP).
There are several methods for blocking the epinephrine signal transduction pathway. The G-protein may really go through a self-inactivation process in which it takes a water molecule from the cytoplasm and hydrolyzes the GTP back to GDP after the alpha G-protein has been activated for a few seconds to several minutes.
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The hypothalamus secretes two types of neurohormones called hormones and hormones.
a. True
b. False
The hypothalamus secretes two types of neurohormones called hormones and hormones. True.
Hormones are the body's chemical messengers, they send signals into the bloodstream and tissues. There are a lot of hormonal changes during the adolescence stage.
Hormones work slowly, through the years, and have an effect on many one-of-a-kind processes, which include boom and improvement, metabolism – how your body gets power from the foods you devour- sexual characteristics, duplicate, and temper.
The maximum not unusual outcome of aging-related hormonal changes is menopause. Around age 50, women's ovaries start producing reducing quantities of estrogen and progesterone; the pituitary gland tries to compensate by means of generating greater follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
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The cords of the brachial plexus are named by their location with respect to the:
The 3 cords (posterior, medial, and lateral) are generated from the anterior and posterior divisions and are named according to how they relate to the two portions of the axillary artery. The axillary artery is divided into these 3 cords.
What leads to brachial plexus damage the most frequently?When the arm is yanked or stretched violently, the brachial plexus is most frequently injured. The injury can be brought on by a variety of incidents, most frequently motorcycle collisions, falls, car accidents, knife and gunshot wounds.The network of nerves called the brachial plexus is what carries information from the spinal cord to the shoulder, arm, and hand.The 3 cords (posterior, medial, and lateral) are generated from the anterior and posterior divisions and are named according to how they relate to the two portions of the axillary artery. The axillary artery is divided into these 3 cords.To learn more about Brachial plexus refer to:
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Sebastion calls dr. Jeffries because he is experiencing back pain. To alleviate the pain, dr. Jeffries prescribes pain-relief medication for sebastion by calling a local pharmacy and speaking with a pharmacist. Which prescription method does dr. Jeffries utilize? computerized electronic verbal written.
The method used for dr. Jeffries prescribed pain medication for Sebastion is b. verbal
A prescription is a written request from a doctor to a pharmacist to make medicine in a certain dosage form for his patient. Prescriptions are made according to the patient's needs, after the doctor has conducted a medical examination and made a diagnosis. The prescription procedure is that after the doctor has examined and given a diagnosis, the doctor will write a prescription according to the patient's condition.
There are several methods of prescribing that can be done by a doctor, for the case above the method used is making a prescription orally to the pharmacist. This was because Sebastion was experiencing back pain and felt pain due to the pain, which might make it difficult for Sebastion to visit a pharmacy. Therefore dr. Jeffries prescribed the drug orally to the pharmacist by calling the pharmacist and asking for it to be sent to the address due to Sebastion's condition..
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Comparisons of bone size and osteoarthritis between agriculturalists and their hunting and gathering ancestors indicate that agricultural populations generally engaged in more strenuous activities.
a. True
b. False
Comparisons of bone size and osteoarthritis between agriculturalists and their hunting and gathering ancestors indicate that agricultural populations generally engaged in more strenuous activities are False.
Humans have selected traits among species that benefit humans rather than species of plants and animals in the wild. Kung and other modern foragers, as well as ancient bone formations, suggest whether humans had to work hard to get food as hunter-gatherers or farmers had to get it. provide clues as to whether
The domestication of plants and animals was necessary for the development of agriculture, the expansion of space, and the population growth of the Holocene, and facilitated the development of technologically innovative societies. Artificial selection has long been used in agriculture to produce animals and crops with desirable traits.
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The agricultural populations generally engaged in more strenuous activities. False
An example of a population would be the entire student body at a school. It would contain all the students who study in that school at the time of data collection.
In general, we define a population as a group of people inhabiting a territory. Example-American population, Indian population, Chinese population, the general population of a city, etc. There are three types of population pyramids: expansive, constrictive, and stationery. Expansive population pyramids depict populations that have a larger percentage of people in younger age groups. Populations with this shape usually have high fertility rates with lower life expectancies.
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which one of the following statements is true? group of answer choices hormones of the same chemical class usually have the same function. hormones are secreted by specialized cells usually located in exocrine glands. hormones often regulate homeostasis through antagonistic functions. hormone pathways involved in homeostasis typically exhibit positive feedback.
The statement "Hormones are often regulated through feedback loops" is true.
Feedback loop refers to a physiological regulatory process responsible for bringing the body system back into a stable state.
Thus, the normal internal state of the body through homeostasis is maintained by the feedback loop.
Therefore, the given statement is true, and hence it is the correct option
The statement "Hormones of the same chemical class usually have the same function" is false.
The distinct hormones (signaling molecules) classes are eicosanoid, steroid, glycoprotein, peptide, and protein.
Thus, different functionality of hormones is found that belong to the same chemical class.
Therefore, the given statement is false, and hence it is the incorrect option.
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when the membrane moves, the____on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.
When the membrane moves, the stereocilia on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.
The spiral organ, also known as the cochlea or cochlear duct, is a structure found in the inner ear that is responsible for detecting sound. It contains hair cells, which are specialized sensory cells that convert sound waves into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain. The hair cells are covered by a thin membrane called the tectorial membrane, which is attached to the stereocilia, the hair-like projections on the surface of the hair cells.
When sound waves enter the ear and cause the membrane to move, this movement is transmitted to the tectorial membrane, which in turn causes the stereocilia to bend and distort. This distortion of the stereocilia triggers the hair cells to produce an electrical signal that is sent to the brain for interpretation.
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A rock sample has 25% of its original radioactive element and the half-life of the element is 1 million years. How old is the sample?.
A rock sample approximately has 500.000 years old.
Why are elements called radioactive? A useful concept half-life has formula which can be used to calculate the age of a specific material ( N(t) = N0[eλ*t] -).its known the half life is 1.000.000, so it's 2.000.000, and 25% of it is 500.000. Thus we know the sample was 500.000 years old.When the atoms of an element have extra neutrons or protons it creates extra energy in the nucleus and causes the atom to become unbalanced or unstable. Whether radioactive elements can become stable and if so, how. The unstable nucleus of radioactive atoms emit radiation.The four common radioactive elements found in the periodic table are Uranium, Radium, Polonium, and Thorium.Radioactivity is the act of emitting radiation spontaneously. This is done by an atomic nucleus that, for some reason, is unstable; it wants to give up some energy in order to shift to a more stable configuration.Learn more about radioactive elements here: brainly.com/question/17551878
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the primary mechanism of resistance to this antimicrobial class is modification by mutations encoding single amino acid changes in these targets. what antibiotic class is this?
Gyrase and topoisomerase IV are the targets that quinolones change into harmful enzymes that break apart the bacterial chromosome.
A wide range of broad-spectrum bacteriocidals with a bicyclic core structure similar to the compound 4-quinolone include quinolone antibiotics. They are used in animal husbandry, notably the production of poultry, as well as human and veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections.
Fluoroquinolones, which have a fluorine atom in their chemical structure and are effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, make up the majority of the quinolone antibiotics currently in use. Ciprofloxacin, one of the most commonly used antibiotics globally, serves as one example.
Penicillins, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, macrolides, beta-lactams with increased activity (like amoxicillin-clavulanate), tetracyclines, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, lincosamides (like clindamycin), urinary anti-infectives, and other antibiotics are all classified as one of these classes in this portal.
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what happens to the hydrogen bonds between water molecules when water boils and steam is produced?
When the heat is raised (as occurs when water boils, for example), the hydrogen bonds between the water molecules completely disintegrate, allowing the water molecules to escape as gas into the air. We see this gas as steam or water vapor.
What about water molecule?A water molecule has a bent overall structure and is made up of two hydrogen atoms bound to an oxygen atom. This is because the oxygen atom additionally carries two pairs of unshared electrons in addition to making bonds with the hydrogen atoms. The main element of the hydrosphere on Earth and the main component of all known living organisms is water.It is an inorganic chemical that is transparent, tasteless, odorless, and almost colorless. Despite not providing food, energy, or organic micronutrients, it is essential for all known forms of life.A compound is made up of two or more distinct elements. Water is a compound as well because it contains multiple different types of elements (oxygen and hydrogen). It might say that water is a molecular compound if you want.Learn more about water molecule here:
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what would happen to the cell if a mutation occurred in the gene coding for patched causing patched to lose the ability to bind to shh g
Humans who have Shh mutations or its aberrant expression have holoprosencephaly with severe symptoms such abnormal limb, face, and nervous system growth.
With an incidence of 1 in 250 embryos and 16,000 live births, holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a frequent brain development condition. A common midfacial cleft, such as a cleft lip or palate, is present in people with HPE because the cerebral hemisphere is not developed. Patients also have aberrant brain and facial development. Cyclopsis is a rare symptom of severe HPE cases (single eye). In addition to Shh mutations, downstream genes are also linked to this syndrome
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Blood type is an important example of an *blank* trait
Blood type is an important example of an codominant inheritance trait.
What do you mean by codominant inheritance?In codominant inheritance , two different versions (alleles) of a gene are expressed, and each version makes a slightly different protein. Both alleles influence the genetic trait or determine the characteristics of the genetic condition.
Moreover, codominance occurs when both alleles show dominance, as in the case of the AB blood type (IA IB) in humans. Furthermore, the human ABO blood groups represent another deviation from Mendelian simplicity since there are more than two alleles (A, B, and O) for this particular trait.
Hence, the best example of codominance is ABO blood group. ABO blood grouping is controlled by gene I which has three alleles A, B, and O and show codominance. An O allele is recessive to both A and B.
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Describe the energy levels of an atom and how an electron moves between them. Be sure to describe how the electron absorbs and emits energy when it does so.
Electrons are particles and they undergo two kinds of motion in atoms, they either move continuously around the nucleus in certain stationary orbits or discontinuously jump between these orbits. This gives a visualizable picture of motion of the electrons in atoms.
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1. Some scientists believe we are in the midst of a new phase of mass extinction, influenced by human behavior, threatening the earth's
biological diversity and contributing to widespread ecological crises. How can the study of non-human species help shape human
responses to these potential threats?
The study of non-human species may help shape human responses to potential threats because we may use it to analyze the factors associated with such processes such as extinctions in ecosystem disturbance scenarios.
How species may affect the extinction rate of other species?Invasive species or overpopulation of a species in a given area may affect the extinction rate of other species due to changes in the ecosystem features, which lead to the loss of the homeostatic equilibrium in the conditions of such ecosystems.
In consequence, a species may lead to the extinction of other species when it is able to alter the resources and or the entire environment.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that species may alter the extinction rate of other species and therefore species behavior is useful to decipher how this process occurs in nature in order to avoid it.
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Which cell components is least likely to affect the visible traits of an organism?A. MitochondriaB. NucleusC. GenesD. ChromosomesE. DNA
Mitochondria is least likely to affect the visible traits of an organism.
A trait, as it relates to genetics, is a unique feature of an individual. Genes, environmental factors, or a combination of both can influence traits. Qualitative traits (such as eye color) and quantitative traits (such as height or blood pressure).
Traits are coded in the form of genes, which are sequences that code for specific polypeptides, which eventually lead to the formation of specific proteins, which then lead to the expression of specific traits.
As a result, a trait that is expressed in the first filial generation is referred to as a dominant trait, while one that is not expressed is referred to as a recessive trait.
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In a certain signal transduction pathway, the binding of an extracellular molecule to a cell-surface protein results in a rapid increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP inside the cell. The cyclic AMP binds to and activates cytosolic enzymes that then activate other enzymes in the cell.
Which of the following statements best describes the role of cyclic AMP in the signal transduction pathway?
It functions as a second messenger, relaying and amplifying the signal within the cell. . The world is being influenced by the world as the world is being influenced by the world as the world will be influenced.
Inside the cell, the signal is amplified by the synthesis of numerous cyclic AMPAMP molecules, which subsequently activate enzyme molecules capable of catalyzing a specific reaction repeatedly.
Signal transduction is the process by which the binding of an external messenger to a cell surface receptor result in changes in biochemistry, cell biology, and gene transcription that allow the cell to respond to the received information.
The activation of a signaling pathway results in a biological response to environmental changes. Protein synthesis, changes in cell metabolism, cell division and growth, and even cell death are all possible responses.
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help 100 points
n this activity, you will model the formation of fossils.
Estimated time to complete:
Total time: 3 weeks
Active time: 2 to 3 hours
You will need these materials:
a plastic container about the size and shape of a shoebox
plastic wrap
water
a ruler
about 3 cups of sand
plastic gloves (kitchen gloves or cleaning gloves)
10 to 12 leaves (any kind)
10 to 12 twigs and sticks
Hypothesis and Data Collection
The fossils that scientists find and study today formed thousands to millions of years ago. But, you can simulate the process of fossilization. Follow these steps to model a fossil:
Line the inside of the plastic container with plastic wrap.
Let the ends of the plastic wrap hang out of the container. The overhanging ends will allow you to lift out your formation more when it’s complete.
Pour four inches of water into the container. Use a ruler to measure the correct depth.
After adding the water, add two inches of sand.
Spread the twigs and leaves in a thin layer on top of the sand.
Stay safe! Use gloves when handling the leaves and when checking the inside of your model during the weeks to come. Wash your hands and gloves when you are done.
Part A
After assembling the materials, record your observations. Describe what the setup looks like and the color of the leaves and twigs. Predict what changes will take place over the next few weeks.
Part B
Put the container in a well-ventilated area or a protected area outside (such as in a garage or a shed). Make sure that the temperature in the area you choose is above freezing (0°C or 32°F.) Check the container at the end of one week, and record any changes in the water level and the appearance of the leaves and twigs. Add another two-inch layer of wet sand on top of the leaves and twigs, and let it sit to dry for two weeks.
Part C
At the end of three weeks, gently lift the formation out of the plastic container and gently break apart the layers. Examine the changes in the bottom and top layers of sand and in the leaves and twigs. Write down your observations.
Analyze and Extend
Part A
Did your predictions match your observations?
Part B
Describe the effect of the leaves and twigs on the bottom sand layer. How does this change relate to the process of fossilization?
Part C
What was the purpose of conducting this experiment over a three-week period? Would it have the same results over a shorter period?
Part D
Based on the experiment, do you think a fossil can form anywhere on Earth, or does fossil formation require certain conditions? Explain your answer.
Part E
Scientists found a layer of rock with several different fossils in it, as shown in the image. Based on your experiment, which of these fossils are the oldest and which are the newest? Explain your answer.
Fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, get their names because they form from fossilized organisms trapped under extreme pressure and heat from the center of the Earth. Explain how your model shows the requirements for fossil fuel formation.
The model shows the requirements for fossil fuel formation as it involves the conversion of matter into oil which is made under enough heat and pressure.
What is Fossil?This is referred to as remains of plants and animals which have been preserved in the earth crust. This fossil can be used as a form of fuel as a result of then being converted into various types of substances.
Fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum etc are formed when the organisms are trapped under extreme pressure and heat from the center of the Earth over a certain period of time and shows the requirements for its formation.
This leads to the formation of petroleum which is in the form of oil and can be converted to other substances such as gas, gasoline through different separation techniques.
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Which is a function of a protein macromolecule? A, B, C, or D
Option C is the correct answer. Moves things in and out of cell. The protein macromolecules are able to move things in and out of the cell with the help of Endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the function of protein macromolecules?Macromolecules are a wide versatile range of proteins. Proteins are involved in cellular process that has function of replication and transcribing DNA. They control cell division, metabolism and the flow of materials and information into and out of the cell.
The proteins moves things in and out of cell by the endoplasmic reticulum. The things are transported in vesicles to the Golgi apparatus, where they are further processed and sorted for transport to lysosomes, the plasma membrane, or secretion from the cell. This is how proteins move things in and out of cell.
Other than that, Protein molecules also have function of making up of many structural parts of the body, including muscle, bone, skin and hair.
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What are chemical mutagens in biology?
A mutagen is a substance that can cause DNA mutations by chemical or physical means. Ultraviolet radiation, tobacco products, radioactive compounds, x-rays, and a wide range of chemicals are a few examples of mutagens.
Azides and alkylating agents are the most common chemical mutagens. Electromagnetic radiation, X rays, such as gamma rays, and UV light, as well as particle radiation, such as fast and thermal neutrons, beta and alpha particles, are examples of physical mutagens.
There are three ways that mutagens might result in mutations: Some of them function as base analogs and are mistakenly employed as substrates during the replication fork's DNA synthesis process. Some directly interact with DNA, resulting in structural alterations that force the template strand to be copied incorrectly when DNA is duplicated.
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explain electron flow through each photosystem, what the energy in the electrons is used to do, and how each photosystem replace its lost electrons.
Between the two photosystems, electrons are transported successively, with photosystem I producing NADPH and photosystem II producing ATP.
Beginning at photosystem II, which is similar to the previously characterized photosynthetic reaction center of R. viridis, the electron flow channel begins.
Each photosystem receives electrons from a distinct source to replace any lost ones. While the PSII reaction center receives its electrons from water, the PSI reaction center receives its electron supply from PSII via an electron transport chain.
When chlorophyll or carotenoid molecules absorb light and enter a photoexcited state, electrons in Photosystem I gain energy.
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approximately what portion of the human genome is composed of repetitive, noncoding sequences?
More than 50% portion of the human genome is composed of repetitive, noncoding sequences.
The genome is the whole set of DNA commands found in a cell. In humans, the genome consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes positioned within the cell's nucleus, as well as a small chromosome within the cell's mitochondria. A genome contains all the records wished for an individual to expand and function.
The entire set of DNA (genetic material) in an organism. In humans, nearly every mobile in the body carries a whole replica of the bbb. The genome includes all of the facts wished for a person to develop and develop.
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according to the video making stuff: smaller, how are the nano-robots propelled to targeted cancerous tissue?
The material used to create the film claims that smaller nanorobots were propelled by the bloodstream to specifically target cancerous tissue.
Since the human body contains billions of cells, cancer can develop practically everywhere. Human cells typically proliferate and divide (via a process called cell division) to create new cells as the body requires them. Cells die when they are old or injured, and new cells replace them. When this routine process fails, aberrant or damaged cells begin to proliferate and develop when they shouldn't. Tumors—tissue growths—can develop from these cells. Tumors can either be cancerous or not (benign). Cancerous tissue can move to distant parts of the body to generate new tissues, invade surrounding tissues, or both.
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(PLEASE ANSWER ASAP) What are the 2 ways an igneous rock can become a metamorphic rock? Be sure to use complete sentences and evidence from the rock cycle.
Apologies if I am too late. :')
Explanation:
An igneous rock can be made from chilled magma. Igneous rocks can become sedimentary if it is broken down by wind or water. Sedimentary rocks can become metamorphic if it becomes buried in the earth, where the pressure and heat there would turn the rock into a metamorphic rock. The metamorphic rock can then become an igneous rock by turning into magma, coming out of a volcano, and then cooling down.
9. infer how resting membrane potential would be affected if the membrane were only permeable to potassium ions.
As potassium leaves the cell, the membrane potential would slightly alter to a more negative value if the membrane was only permeable to potassium ions.
The chemical element potassium has the atomic number 19 and the letter K (which stands for kalium in Neo-Latin). Potassium is a silvery-white metal that may be easily and gently sliced with a knife. Within seconds of exposure, potassium metal quickly combines with air oxygen to produce flaky, white potassium peroxide. It was initially separated from potash, which is made up of plant ashes and from which it gets its name. Potassium is an alkali metal in the periodic table. All alkali metals have a single valence electron in the outer electron shell, which can be removed easily to produce a positive-charged ion called a cation, which interacts with anions to form salts. Only ionic salts include potassium in nature. Potassium interacts vehemently with water, producing enough heat to ignite the hydrogen released during the reaction and producing a flame that is purple in colour. It is found in numerous minerals, including orthoclase, a common component of granites and other igneous rocks, and is dissolved in sea water, which contains 0.04% potassium by weight.
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approximately what portion of the human genome is composed of repetitive, noncoding sequences?
More than 50% of the human genome consists of repetitive, non-coding regions.
What is the human genome?The genome is the entire set of DNA instructions that are found in a cell. The human genome is made up of one little chromosome in the mitochondria and 23 pairs of chromosomes that are present inside the cell's nucleus.The three kinds of genomes are:
There are three genome types that exist because the mutation is A-G, as we found in the preceding example: AA, AG, and GG. In contrast to the other two genome types, the GG type has the most anti-alcohol action, while the AA type has the weakest activity and can hardly digest alcohol.To learn more about human genome refer to:
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what term refers to the fusion of two haploid gametes, each containing 23 chromosomes, producing a zygote that contains 46 chromosomes?
fertilization refers to the fusion of two haploid gametes, each containing 23 chromosomes, producing a zygote that contains 46 chromosomes.
A mature male gamete and a mature female gamete are fused during fertilization to create a single cell, or zygote. Both the sperm, which is a male gamete, and the ovum, which is a female gamete, are haploid and have 23 chromosomes. fertilization Humans typically have 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of them in each cell. The appearance of twenty-two of these pairs, known as autosomes, is the same in both sexes. The 23rd pair of sex chromosomes differs between men and females.
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describe why the location and quality of food sources in the soil are sometimes likely to stimulate random movements by c. elegans, but at other times are more likely to stimulate directed movements.
Transparent roundworms called C. Elegans inhabit the earth. It feeds on food sources microbes and is not economically significant to humans TO stimulate directed movements.
Because of the nearby chemicals or circumstances, food sources quality and location might produce unintentional or intentional movements. The response demonstrates that the C. elegans will likely use random movements if they do not see a good food source nearby. C. Elegans When there are only a few microbes present, they migrate straight to the food they want, but when there are chemicals present, they may move in an environment that is more random and toward other favorable items.
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