Suppose 3.04 g of copper is reacted with excess nitric acid according to the given equation. Cu(s) + 4NHO3(aq) ---> Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(1)
What is the theoretical yield of Cu (NO3)2?

Answer

Number of moles = 0.0025 mol

Step-by-step explanation:

Given that,

The volume of He at STP is 56.0 ml

Part a:

Find the mole

According to the standard conversion

1 mol = 22.4L

Firstly, we need to convert 56.0ml to L

This can be done by dividing by 1000

56.0mL = 0.056L

1 mole = 22.4L

x mole = 0.056L

Cross multiply

1 * 0.056 = x * 22.4

0.056 = 22.4x

Divide both sides by 22.4

x = 0.056 / 22.4

x = 0.0025 mole

Hence, the mole of Helium is 0.0025 moleHe

We have a change of pressure and temperature. To solve and find the new pressure we will assume that the volume and moles of the gas remain constant, therefore we can apply Gay-Lussac's law which tells us:

Where,

P1 is the initial pressure of the gas, 954atm

T1 is the temperature of the gas, 728K

T2 is the final temperature, 951K

P2 is the final pressure, =?

We clear P2 and replace the known data:

Answer: The new pressure will be 1246atm

We have the ethanol combustion reaction to produce CO2 and water. The balanced equation of the reaction is:

We must first find the moles of ethanol corresponding to 421 grams. To do this we divide the mass by the molar mass of ethanol. The molar mass of ethanol is: 46.07g/mol. The moles of ethanol will be:

Now, by the stoichiometry of the reaction, we see that the Oxygen to Ethanol ratio is 9/4. So, the moles of oxygen needed will be:

We find the grams of oxygen by multiplying the moles by the molar mass. The molar mass of O2 is 31.9988g/mol.

Answer: To complete the combustion of 421 g of ethanol are needed 658 grams of oxygen

Explanation and Answer:

formula of Chlorite ion = ClO₂⁻

formula of Chlorate ion = ClO₃⁻

The chlorite ion contains two atoms of O, and the chlorate ion contains three atoms of O.

They are both cations and their charges are -1 but, the main difference between them is that the oxidation state of Cl in the chlorite ion is 3+ and the oxidation state of Cl in the chlorate ion is +5.

formula of sulfite ion = SO₃²⁻

formula of sulfate ion = SO₄²⁻

Sulfite and sulfate are both cations with charge -2. The oxidation state of S in the sulfite ion is +4 and the oxidation state of S in the sulfate ion is +6.

How are the chlorate and the chlorite ions similar to the sulfate and sulfite ions?

When naming a polyatomic ion the sufix is related to the oxidation state of the main element.

common positive oxidation states of Cl = +1 +3 +5 +7

common positive oxidation states of S = +4 +6

When the element has two main positive oxidation states (like S) , the sufix for the lower oxidation state is -ite (sulfite = +4) and the sufix for the greater oxidation that is usually more stable is -ate (sulfate = +6).

When the element has four main positive oxidation states (like Cl), the two in the middle are named in a similar way to the previous one. The lower oxidation state must have -ite as a sufix (chlorite = +3) and the sufix for the greater is -ate (chlorate = +5).

Ions are the charged chemical species. Chlorate and chloride are two different ions of chlorine which are represented as ClO₃⁻ and ClO₂⁻, respectively. These are similar to sulfate and sulfite ions in the difference in the charge present on them.

An ion is an atom or a molecule which carry a net electrical charge. The electric charge is a result of the valency of the atom.

Chlorite and chlorate are the two charged ions of chlorine and can be represented as:

Formula of Chlorite ion = ClO₂⁻

Formula of Chlorate ion = ClO₃⁻

The chlorite ion contains two atoms of O, whereas the chlorate ion contains three atoms of O. Both of these ions are anions as they carry a net negative charge with a charge of -1. The main difference between these two is the oxidation state of Cl in the chlorite ion which is +3 and the oxidation state of Cl in the chlorate ion is +5.

The sulfate and sulfite ions are the two charges species of sulfur which can be represented by:

formula of sulfite ion = SO₃²⁻

formula of sulfate ion = SO₄²⁻

Sulfite and sulfate are anions with a charge of -2. The oxidation state of sulfur in the sulfite ion is +4 and the oxidation state of sulfur in the sulfate ion is +6.

These are similar to chlorate and chloride ions in oxidation states which are: Oxidation state of Cl = +1, +3, +5, and +7 and Oxidation states of S = +4 and +6

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1) List the known values.

Solute: 255 mg

Solution: 650 mL

Unknown

Percent concentration:

2) Set the equation

Convert milligrams to grams

1 g = 1000 mg

3) Plug in known values.

The percent concentration of the drug is 0.039%(m/V)

.

Explanation:

We are given: density of promethazine = 25mg/mL

: mass of promethazine = 15.0mg

Answer:

The nurse will draw up 0.60 mL.

Explanation:

Silver hydroxide is almost an insoluble compound, its solubility product is 2*10^(-8). When it is in solution it dissolves like this way.

AgOH ----> Ag⁺ + OH⁻ Ksp = 2 * 10^(-8)

The expression for the solubilty product will be:

Ksp = [Ag+] * [OH-]

We are trying to dissolve the silver hydroxide in the silver nitrate solution. They have one ion in common, the silver cation (Ag+). Since the amount of silver hydroxide that can be dissolved is really small (because it is almost insoluble) we can consider that the concentration of the silver ion is governed by the concentration of the silver nitrate solution.

AgNO₃ ----> Ag+ + NO₃-

Since one molecule of silver nitrate has one nitrate ion we can say that the concentration of the silver ion will be the same as the concentration of the silver nitrate solution.

[AgNO₃] = [Ag+] = 0.270 M

Now that we know the concentration of the silver ion and the ksp, we can replace these values and find the concentration of the hydroxide ion.

Ksp = [Ag+] * [OH-]

[OH-] = Ksp/[Ag+]

[OH-] = 2 * 10^(-8)/(0.270 M)

[OH-] = 7.41 *10^(-8) M = [AgOH]

Answer: the maximum amount of silver hydroxide that will dissolve it 7.41*10^(-8) M

The sides groups are what make each amino acid different from the others. Of the 20 side groups used to make proteins, there are two main groups: polar and non-polar. These names refer to the way the side groups, sometimes called "R" groups.

Using that,

In conclusion, the part of an amino acid that is different between the 20 different amino acids is the R-Group.

ANSWER:

• R-Group

Answer:

Atom 1 and Atom 4 of the elements below are in the same group in the periodic table.

Answer:

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the percentage by mass of the water molecules in the given compound

To get this, we have to divide the molar mass of water by the molar mass of the percentage and write the answer as a percentage

The molar mass of water is 18 g/mol

The molar mass of MgCO3 is 84 g/mol

Thus, the percentage by mass of water will be:

From the chemical equation we see that 1 mole of diborane (B2H6) will produce 2 moles of water.

We will firstly calculate the moles of diborane:

One mole of diborane produces 2 moles of water then to find the moles of water that is produced we:

We then convert the moles of the water to mass:

Mass of water is 4.824g

The electrolyte can conduct electricity because the molecules are broken up into ions.

When dissolved in water, electrolytes are compounds that release ions. Salts, bases, and acids can all be classified among them. Due to the mobility of the positive and negative ions, known as cations and anions, respectively, these solutions transmit electricity. For instance, the electrolyte of a lead-acid automobile battery is diluted sulfuric acid, which includes both positive hydrogen ions (H+, a cation) and negative sulphate ions (SO42-, an anion).

Electrolytes can be ionic compounds that dissociate into cations and anions when dissolved (such as ionic salts) or covalent chemicals that chemically react with water to form ions (such as acids and bases). When dissolved in water, compounds known as nonelectrolytes do not create ions.

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In chemistry, reduction means any of a class of chemical reactions in which the number of electrons associated with an atom or a group of atoms is increased.

You can say that a compound that is gaining electrons is being reduced.

The situation where the reduction is occurring is:

When the reduction occurs, the oxidation number (which is the superindex), it seems that is reducing this number. In this case, 2+ become 1-.

Remember: when the oxidation number is reducing, it means that the compound or element is a reduction (gaining electrons) and when the oxidation number is increasing, it means that it is oxidation (losing electrons) such as the other cases of the problem.

Explanation:

We need to go through to stages to boil 41.1 g of water. We have to heat the sample of water from 84.7 °C to 100 °C (the boiling point) And then we have to provide enough heat to boil all the sample of water.

a) Heating from 84.7 °C to 100 °C:

This is calculated using the formula:

Q₁ = m * C * ΔT

Where Q₁ is the amount of heat, m is the mass of the sample, C is the specific heat of water and ΔT is the temperature change. We already know these values:

m = 41.1 g

C = 4.184 J/(g*°C)

ΔT = Tfinal - Tinitial = 100 °C - 84.7 °C

ΔT = 15.3 °C

Replacing these values we can get the amount of heat necessary for the first step:

Q₁ = m * C * ΔT

Q₁ = 41.1 g * 4.184 J/(g°C) * 15.3 °C

Q₁ = 2631 J

b) Boiling 41.1 g of water:

To find the amount of heat that we need to provide to the sample of water to completely boil it we can use this formula:

Q₂ = m * Cv

Where Cv is the latent heat of vaporization.

Cv = 2256 J/g

Q₂ = m * Cv

Q₂ = 41.1 g * 2256 J/g

Q₂ = 92721 J

c) Total amount of heat:

Qtotal = Q₁ + Q₂

Qtotal = 2631 J + 92721 J

Qtotal = 95352 J = 95400 J

Qtotal = 95.4 kJ

Answer: The amount of heat needed to boil the sample of water is 95.4 kJ or 95400 J.

Step 1

% by mass is defined as:

mass of solute ------ 100 g of solution

------------------

Step 2

The mass of the solution = mass of solute (KBr) + mass of solvent (water) = 123 g + 689 g = 812 g

------------------

Step 3

Procedure:

123 g KBr ------ 812 g solution

X ------ 100 g solution

X = 100 g solution x 123 g KBr/812 g solution = 15.1 g KBr = 15.1 % by mass

Answer: 15.1 % by mass

Gas laws discover the relationship of pressure, temperature, volume and amount of gas.

1. Boyles Law

Boyle's Law tells us that the volume of gas increases as the pressure decreases, meaning pressure is inversely propotional to volume.

Equation used for Boyles Law: P1V1 = P2V2

Example: A 17.50mL sample of gas is at 4.500 atm. What will be the volume if the pressure becomes 1.500 atm, with a fixed amount of gas and temperature?

So in this example we are given, P1 and P2, we are also given V1 and we want to know V2. What will happen to the volume if the pressure is increased.

V2 = P1V1/P2

V2 = (4.500 atm x 17.50 mL)/1.500atm

V2 = 52.50mL

This example proves that when the pressure is increased, the volume also increases.

2. Charles Law

Charles' Law tells us that the volume of gas increases as the temperature increases. Volume is directly proportional to Temperature.

The equation used: V1/T1 = V2/T2

Example: A sample of Carbon dioxide in a pump has volume of 20.5 mL and it is at 40.0 oC (=313.15 K). When the amount of gas and pressure remain constant, find the new volume of Carbon dioxide in the pump if temperature is increased to 65.0 oC (=333.15 K).

V2 = (V1 x T2)/T1

V2 = (20.5 mL x 333.15 K)/313.15K

V2 = 21.8 mL

The volume increased as the temperature increased.

3. Avogadro's Law tell us that the volume of gas increases as the amount of gas increases. Volume(V) is directly proportional to the Amount of gas(n).

Equation: P1/n1 = P2/n2 and V1/n1 = V2/n2

Example: A 3.80 g of oxygen gas in a pump has volume of 150 mL. constant temperature and pressure. If 1.20g of oxygen gas is added into the pump. What will be the new volume of oxygen gas in the pump if temperature and pressure held constant?

This problem is asking for V2 of oxygen. We have to first calculate the number of moles of Oxygen.

n1 = 3.80/(15.999 x 2)

n1 = 0.1188 mol

n2 = 1.20/(15.999 X 2)

n2 = 0.0375 mol

V2 = (V1 x n2)/n1

V2 = (150.0mL x 0.0375)/0.1188

V2 = 47.3485 mL

4. The ideal gas law

The ideal gas law is the combination of the three simple gas laws.

Equation: pV = nRT

Example: At 655mm Hg and 25.0oC, a sample of Chlorine gas has volume of 750mL. How many moles of Chlorine gas at this condition?

So we want number of moles.

n = PV/RT

n = 655mmHg x( 1 atm/760 mmHg) x 0.75 L/0.082057L⋅atm⋅mol-1.K-1 x 298.15

n = 0.026 mol

Assuming that this question is comparing two situations, only water as situation 1 and water + calcium chloride as situation 2. In this case, we will have the salt interacting with water in something called Colligative properties, which depending on the concentration of the solute, it will cause changes in physical state change of the solution. Salts in water tend to cause two things, regarding physical change, they raise the boiling point and lower the freezing point. Which is the case for this question, we have a solution with salt + water, therefore we will have a higher boiling point and a lower freezing point, number 3

First, we write our reaction:

We call solubility to "S"

LaF₃(s) → La³⁺(aq) + 3 F⁻(aq)

Initial - 0.055M (LaCl3) 0

Change +S +3.S

Eq. 0.055+S 3.S

Ksp = 2×10^−19 = [La³⁺]x[F⁻]³ = (0.055+S)x(3.S)³

2×10^−19 = (0.055+S)x(3.S)³ => S = 5.12x10^-7 mol/L x (195.9 g/mol) =>

S = 1.00x10^-4 g/L

(195.9 g/mol = The molar mass of LaF3)

Answer: S = 1.00x10^-4 g/L

Step 1

The reaction provided:

Zn + S => ZnS (completed and balanced)

-------------------

Step 2

Information provided:

2.50 moles of Zn

1.00 mole of S

--------------------

Step 3

The limiting reactant limits the amount of product formed.

By stoichiometry, procedure:

Zn + S => ZnS

1 mole Zn ------------- 1 mole S

2.50 moles Zn -------------- X

X = 2.50 moles Zn x 1 mole S/1 mole Zn = 2.50 moles S

For 2.50 moles of Zn, 2.50 moles of S are needed but there is only 1.00 mole of S. Therefore, the limiting reactant is S.

Answer: Sulfur (S)

Some oxidation number rules

1) The oxidation number of a free element is always 0. The atoms in He and N2, for example, have oxidation numbers of 0.

2) The usual oxidation number of hydrogen is +1.

3 The oxidation number of oxygen in compounds is usually -2. Exceptions include OF2 because F is more electronegative than O, and BaO2, due to the structure of the peroxide ion, which is [O-O]2-.

a) HF, H = +1 F = -1

b)

c) H₂0, H = +1 O = -2

d) Pl3, P = +3 I = -1

e) CS₂, C = +4 S = -2

f) Na₂O₂, Na = +1 O = -1

g) H₂CO3 H = +1 C =+4 O =-2

h) NO2 N = +2 O = -2

i) SO2-4 S =+6 O = -2

Explanation:

A chemical property is one in which atoms are rearranged in the process.

-----------------

Q) In this case, this is a chemical property because hydrogen starts being consumed when the flask is heated and hydrogen combines with the solid too.

Chemical

-----------------

M) This is a physical property because nothing happens to the atoms of the different substances in the sample. The metallic particles from the sample are removed with the magnet.

Physical

----------------

C) This is chemical property because a reaction is carried out inside.

Oxygen reacts with X

Chemical

1) Boiling point - It is easy to observe the boiling point of a substance because it is only a physical process, raising the temperature enough to get to its boiling point.

2) Flammability - Observing the flammability of a substance has the effect of decomposing the substance because of the combustion, therefore its identity is not preserved.

3) Density - We can observe the density of a substance without changing its identity since it is just the relation between mass and volume.

Reactivity - The way to observe the reactivity of a substance is by undergoing a reaction with it, resulting in products that differ from the initial substance, so it is not possible to observe reactivity without a change in the substance.

Final answer: Boiling point and density can be observed without a change in the identity of a substance

The structure that corresponds to methyl butanoate is CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂CH₃.

The chemical formula for methyl butanoate is C₅H₁₀O₂. It is also called methyl butyrate. Since the chemical formula is methyl butyrate, the structure should contain a chain of 4 Carbon atoms, one methyl group, and a keto group, that is C=O structure in it.

Methyl butanoate is an organic compound in the group of fatty ester acids. These compounds contains a fatty acid that is esterified with a methyl group.The general structure of the formula is RC(=O)OR' where R is the fatty aliphatic tail or organyl group and R' is the methyl group.

That is why the structure contains two oxygen atoms and a methyl group in it. Thus the structure of methyl butanoate is given by, CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂CH₃.

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ANSWER

EXPLANATION

Given that

The number o molecules is 6.02 x 10^23 molecules

Firstly, find the number of moles using the below formula

Recall, that the Avogadro's number is 6.02 x 10^23

Secondly, find the mass of CO2 using the formula below

Recall, that the molar mass of CO2 is given as 44.01 g/mol

Therefore, the mass of CO2 is 44 grams

The question requires us to describe a dehydration reaction.

In chemistry, a dehydration reaction is defined as a chemical reaction that involes the loss of water from the reactant. In other words, a dehydration reaction happens when the water molecule is formed from the one (or two combined) reactant.

We are asked to find some characteristics of phosphorus. We start with the yu period group to which they belong in the periodic table. This information is found in the periodic table of elements.

Looking in the periodic table we find that phosphorus P is located in group VA (15) and in period 3.

The electronic configuration depends on the number of electrons of the element. Phosphorous has 15 electrons. We have an ion P^3-, this ion has three more electrons, so for this element, we will have 18 electrons. The electronic configuration will be:

The short notation depends of another element, in this case of Ne, so the shot notation will be:

The valence level is the last energy level, we see that the greatest coefficient is 3, so the valence level is 3

In summary, we have that the answer will be:

Orbital Diagram: Drawn in the picture

Long Notation: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Short Notation: [Ne] 3s2 3p6

Valence Level: 3

Group on Periodic Table: 15 or VA

Period on Periodic Table: 3

You can see that aluminum (in the reactant) has an oxidation state of zero. Remember that when an element is 'alone' in a reaction, its oxidation state is always zero. In the case of HCl, H has the oxidation number of +1 and Cl -1, the algebraic sum between these two elements is zero.

In the products, the oxidation state of chlorine (Cl) remains unchanged whereas aluminum (Al) has the oxidation state of +3. Doing the algebraic sum of these ox. states of AlCl3, we obtain: -1 (3) + 3 = -3 +3 = 0. And hydrogen (H2) has an oxidation state of zero.

You can realize that aluminum is oxidating because it's changing its ox. state from 0 to +3 and hydrogen is reducing from +1 to 0, meaning that this is an oxidation-reduction reaction.

There are such types of chemical reactions. For this redox reaction, we can identify easily that the type of reaction is a single replacement reaction. A single-replacement reaction is a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element in a compound. We're replacin

The energy of the  1 photon of the light with the wavelength of the most energetic line is 6.9 * 10^-19 J.

We know that a photon can only be explained as simply as possible as a bundle of light. The photon is emitted from an atom when an electron in the atom is seen to move from a higher to a lower energy level thereby emitting light of the appropriate wavelength.

Now we can see that the wavelength that is the shortest is the one that would have the greatest energy. This is because the energy of the photon is inversely proportional to the energy of the photon.

Now we have';

Wavelength of the photon = 285.2 nm or 285.2 * 10^-9 m

Speed of light = 3 * 10^8 m/s

Plank's constant = 6.6 * 10^-34 J/s

Then;

E =  6.6 * 10^-34 J/s * 3 * 10^8 m/s/ 285.2 * 10^-9 m

E = 6.9 * 10^-19 J

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13.1% m/v is  the mass percent by volume of 44.1 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆, MM = 180.2 g/mol) in 325 mL of solution.

[tex]% m/v=mass solute/volume solution * 100%=42.6g/325mL *100%=13.1%m//v[/tex]% m/v = mass solute/volume solution x 100%

[tex]% m/v=mass solute/volume solution * 100%=42.6g/325mL *100%=13.1%m//v[/tex]% m/v =44.1g/325 mL x 100%

[tex]% m/v=mass solute/volume solution * 100%=42.6g/325mL *100%=13.1%m//v[/tex]% m/v =13.1% m/v

An object's volume in three dimensions is determined by the area encompassed inside its boundaries. It is also known as the object's capability on occasion. Calculating how much is required to fill an object can be done using its volume; for example, how much water is required to fill a bottle, aquarium, or water tank.

The most fundamental and typical kind of three-dimensional form is a sphere. Spheres are frequently seen as balls, globes, holiday lights, oranges, etc.

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We have a reaction between potassium oxide and water. They already present us with the chemical equation but we must balance it.

For this we add the coefficient two in front of the KOH molecule, in this way we will have on each side of the reaction:

K--->2 atoms

O---> 2 atoms

H---> 2 atoms

So, the chemical balanced equation will be:

The subscript "s" refers to the solid state, "l" to a liquid state, and "aq" to a solution of the solute in water.