plants use various hormones and enzymes to respond to changes in day length (photoperiod) and to trigger events such as dormancy and flowering. how will these molecules respond in plants living in locations with shorter daylight hours? (3 points) they will alter the amount of energy available to the plant. they will respond to changes in air temperature. they will reset the plant biological clock. they will modify based on soil composition changes.

Answers

Answer 1

Plants use various hormones and enzymes to respond to changes in day length (photoperiod) and to trigger events such as dormancy and flowering. These molecules respond in plants living in locations with shorter daylight hours by the cyanobacterial segments.

Cyanobacteria are microscopic, photosynthetic organisms that are classified as bacteria. They were once known as blue-green algae. Because of how frequently thick growths turn the water green, blue-green, or brownish-green, they were previously referred to as blue-green algae.

In contrast to photoperiodism, which is the physiological response triggered by the duration of day or night and how it influences the behavior and growth of these plants and animals, photoperiod refers to the daily hours of light and darkness that every specific living creature receives.

Each subspecies in botany has a unique photoperiod, however plants can be divided into three categories: day-neutral plants, long-day plants, and short-day plants. With the exception of Cannabis Ruderalis autoflowering types, cannabis is a short-day plant, which means that it requires lengthy nights with more than 12 hours of uninterrupted darkness to initiate flowering.

The biological activities of organisms are influenced by both the amount of light and the daily cycle of light and darkness in the world of plants.

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Related Questions

why do you think that symbols (originating with petroglyphs) remain a viable part of our visual vocabulary?

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Petroglyphs can have hidden meanings that were only known to the people who created them. Each image's context plays a crucial role in determining its meaning.

The Petroglyphs were made for a variety of causes, the majority of which modern culture does not fully comprehend. Unlike "rock art," image writing, or imitations of the natural world, petroglyphs are more than just these things. They should not be confused with ancient Indian graffiti or with symbols used to represent words in hieroglyphics. The intricate civilizations and religious practices of the neighboring tribes are reflected in the potent cultural emblems known as petroglyphs. The monument's sacred setting, where ongoing traditional rites are held, is centered on petroglyphs. Each image's context plays a crucial role in determining its meaning. Take note of how each petroglyph is situated in relation to the horizon, the images around it, and the surrounding area. Native Americans of today have claimed that the location of each petroglyph image was neither arbitrary nor careless. Petroglyphs can have hidden meanings that were only known to the people who created them. Others serve as markers for tribes, clans, kivas, or societies. Others display who came to the area and where they went. Some are religious organizations. While some petroglyphs still have meanings relevant to today, others have meanings that are unknown but nevertheless regarded as being from "those who came before." Please think about the significance of these petroglyphs to both historical and contemporary civilizations as you view them.

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Julio just bought a $267,900 house. he had a 20 year mortgage with a fixed rate of 5.875%. julio’s monthly payments are $1,558.09. what percent of the purchase price was julio’s down payment?
a. 13%
b. 15%
c. 18%
d. 20%
please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d

Answers

c. 18% of the purchase price was julio’s down payment.

Down payment on a home:

A person who is unable to pay the full price of a house right away may choose to take out a mortgage and pay it off over time. A down payment, typically in the form of a percentage of the house's price, may be required of the borrower upfront.

The house cost $267,900.

Mortgage period (n) = 20-years adjusted for monthly payment = 20*12=240 months

r = 5.875% adjusted for monthly compounding = 0.05875/12

Monthly payment = $1,558.09

calculate the home loan esteem which is equivalent to the current worth of Julio's regularly scheduled installments.

Loan = payment × 1 - ( 1 + r ) ⁻ⁿ / r

        = 1558.09 × 1 - ( 1 + 0.05875/12 ) / 0.05875/12

       = 1558.09 × 140.996299269

       = $219,684.92

Down payment = house price - Mortage

down payment = $48,215.08

Down payment percentage = down payment/house price

                                             = 48,215.08 / 267,900 × 100

                                              = 17,9974%

                                              ≈ 18%

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amount of prognathism canine shearing complex is it present? absent? what is the shape/size of the canine? is there a diastema? height of skull. how much skull is above the supraorbital ridge? saggital crest? shape of the facial profile. (scoop out, flat, etc) what is the shape of the chin area? does it recede? is it vertical? does it protrude? size of the braincase? smaller or larger? relative to the face. much or little postorbital constriction? what is the position of the foramen magnum? center, more toward posterior of the skull?

Answers

Skeletal alterations for bipedal movement. Similar to incisors are canines.

Canines obstruct apically, hence they can only be worn apically. not a diastema. Bicuspid lower anterior premolars.

Who of the primates has the biggest canine?

Originally from west-central Africa, the mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) is a sizable Old World monkey. With skin that is red and blue on its face and back, it is one of the most colorful creatures in the entire animal kingdom. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism, with the males having a larger physique, longer canines, and more vibrant coloring.

Why do human dogs have small canines?

Because they had smaller canines, early humans may not have engaged in as much physical combat to compete for females as other apes. However, this is only one explanation for why we have short canines.

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at which stage of the general adaptation syndrome does the body attempts to repair any damage and return to a condition of stability and equilibrium?

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The body attempts to repair any damage and return to a condition of stability and equilibrium during the third and final stage of the general adaptation syndrome, known as the “Exhaustion” stage.

Returning to Stability and Equilibrium: Understanding the Exhaustion Stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome

The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is a three-stage physiological response to any type of stressor. The first stage is known as the alarm stage, in which the body responds to the stressor with a “fight or flight” response. The second stage is known as the resistance stage, in which the body attempts to adapt to the stressor by mobilizing its resources to counteract the stressor. The third and final stage is known as the exhaustion stage, in which the body attempts to repair any damage and return to a condition of stability and equilibrium.

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If both the distance that each ocean basin has opened and the time it took to open that distance are known, the rate
of seafloor spreading can be calculated. Determine the rate of seafloor spreading for the South Atlantic Ocean basin in
centimeters per year. (Hint: To determine the rate of spreading in centimeters per year for each ocean basin, first
convert the distance from kilometers to centimeters (1 km = 100,000 cm). Then divide this distance by the time, which is
2 million years?

Answers

Note that the rate at which the seafloor is spreading for the South Atlantic Ocean Basin is 5cm per annum.

What is the analysis of the above result?

To arrive at this answer, we first converted the distance from kilometers to centimeters (1 km = 100,000 cm).

It is a known fact that that the distance for the South Atlantic Ocean basin is 5,000 km. This is equivalent to 500,000,000 cm.

Hence, we divide this distance by the time, which is 2 million years, to get the rate of seafloor spreading:

= 500,000,000 cm / 2,000,000 years

= 5 cm/year.

Thus, the rate at which the seafloor is spreading for the South Atlantic Ocean Basin is 5cm every year.

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Rh positive blood is dominant to Rh negative blood. A child with AB negative blood and a child with O negative blood are produced from parents that are A positive and B positive respectively. Show the genotypes of the parents involved in this cross and the resulting Punnett square

Answers

The genotype is a set of genes in DNA responsible for unique characteristics, while the phenotype is the physical appearance or characteristic of an organism.

A Punnet square identifies genotype. It helps in determining the chances of the genotype that the offspring will possess, based on the genotype of parents.

How to find genotype of an offspring based on the genotype of parents?

As discussed above, a Punnet Square helps to identify genotype. Its like a graphical representation of genotype.

The various possible combinations of  gametes are made in a tabular format. Here, each box in the table represents one possible fertilization event.

The inherent assumption is that each trait is determined by a single gene locus and that various traits assort independently from one another (Mendel's law of genetics).

Now, in the question above

The genotypes of the parents involved in this cross are A positive (IAIA) and B positive (IBi).

The resulting punnet square would look like this:

A Positive (IAIA) B Positive (IBi)

A Positive (IAIA) AA, AO

B Positive (IBi) AO, BB

Thus, main answer is : The resulting possible genotypes of the children produced from this cross would be AB negative (IAi) and O negative (ii).

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In a genome-wide expression study using a dna microarray assay, what is each spot used to detect?

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In a genome-wide expression study using a dna microarray assay, each spot used to detect expression of a specific gene by a cell. The correct option to this question is D.

A known DNA sequence or gene is contained in each of the thousands of small dots that are printed on microscope slides in certain locations. These slides are called DNA microarrays.

A specific mRNA sample can have the expression levels of hundreds of genes measured simultaneously by DNA microarrays.

A microarray has many identical DNA strands at each area. Each spot's DNA sequence is distinct. One gene is represented by each spot. On a solid surface, thousands of specks are arranged in neat rows and columns (usually glass).

A microarray is a laboratory technique used to simultaneously measure the expression of thousands of genes.

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Complete question: In a genome-wide expression study using a DNA microarray assay, each well is used to detect the

A) fate of proteins produced by a cell.

B) location of a protein produced by a cell.

C) location of a gene within a cell.

D) expression of a specific gene by a cell.

E) type of chemical modification of proteins produced by a cell.

the entire complement of information contained within the dna sequences of an organism is known as the

Answers

Genome or the genom!

a group of freshwater green algae known as charophytes are the most closely related to plants.

Answers

Charophytes contain cellulose-based cell walls, store carbohydrates as starch, have chlorophyll a and b, and go through comparable cell-division processes like plants. The reproductive organs of charophytes are distinctive and quite different from those of other algae.

What kind of life cycle do charophytes have and what other organisms are they most similar to?

The charophyte algae are the terrestrial plants' closest surviving cousins. They often exhibit zygotic meiosis during their haploid life cycles. However, this conclusion is based on a tiny number of observations and on speculative beliefs about the types of life cycles that may exist.

Plants and all green algae (Chlorophyta) originated from the same evolutionary parent. The photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are present in both of them. Between 630 million years ago, the two lineages separated.

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what environmental parameters would need to be monitored as ddt moves up the food web of an ecosystem?

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The environmental factors that need to be monitored when DDT goes up an ecosystem's food chain include air and water quality, soil fertility, and concentrations of other harmful contaminants.

How does DDT progress across the food web?When an animal eats food that contains DDT residue, the DDT builds up in the animal's tissue through a process known as bioaccumulation.The biomagnification mechanism causes the concentration of DDT in an animal's body to increase the higher up the food chain the animal is (for example, tertiary consumers like seals).By bioaccumulating in organisms and lowering population sizes that can support higher trophic levels, DDT has an impact on the food chain.Fish eating insects poisoned with DDT is a crude illustration of the food chain.DDT tends to accumulate in animals because of its chemical makeup.

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what are the traits that distinguish humans from all other beings that exist?​

Answers

this are charateristic

Explanation:

this is because human has different featuresthan other beings like monkeys

During transcription, what happens to the RNA polymerase if a repressor protein attaches to the operator?
It begins transcription.
It begins translation.
It cannot attach to enzyme 1.
It cannot attach to the promoter.

Answers

A repressor protein can prevent RNA polymerase from continuing to transcribe essential enzymes for the organism. This is seen in the trp operon of the bacteria E. coli. Thus, option D is correct.

What a repressor protein attaches to the operator?

RNA polymerase cannot bind to the promoter once a repressor protein has linked to its operator.

The trp repressor, a regulatory protein, is aware of this section of DNA. By physically impeding the transcription enzyme RNA polymerase, the repressor prevents the operon from being transcribed when it attaches to the operator's DNA.

Therefore, There is no transcription when an operator is bound. If the operator is available, transcription can start right away.

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which of these mutations will have an effect on the protein produced by the gene in which the mutation occurs? select all that apply.

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Missense mutations will have an effect on the protein produced by the gene.

A missense mutation is a DNA alteration that causes the protein produced to encode a different amino acid at a specific location. Some missense mutations change how the resulting protein functions. When a mistake is made in the DNA coding, one of the base pairs is altered; for instance, A is switched out for C. This one modification, known as a substitution, causes the DNA to now encode for a new amino acid. Missense mutations don't always result in noticeable protein alterations. A neutral, "silent," or conservative mutation is when an amino acid is switched out for one with extremely comparable chemical characteristics even if the protein may still function normally as a result.

Hence, change in the codon result alternation in the protein structure and function.

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an ecologist who studies groups of populations that occur together in one area is a(n) , ecologist.

Answers

A community ecology ecologist is a scientist who focuses on communities that coexist in a single location.

Community ecology examines the structure and operation of communities, which are made up of interacting populations that share an area.A community, also known as a biocoenosis, is a collection or affiliation of populations of two or more distinct species that are present in the same geographic region at the same time. There are several applications for the word community. Examples Community ecology takes into account a wide variety of environmental interactions that evolve through time. A forest community is made up of all of the trees, the plant community, the birds, squirrels, deer, foxes, fungus, fish in a forest stream, insects, and any other local or seasonal species.

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Reflexes that activate muscles on the same side of the body as the stimulus are called:

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Reflexes that activate muscles on the same side of the body as the stimulus are called contralateral.

This shows that the reflex happens on the body side that is opposite the stimuli. This reaction is brought on by afferent nerve fibre divisions that travel from the side of the body that was stimulated to the side of the spinal cord that was opposite. Interneurons they link with there either activate or inhibit alpha motor neurons, which control the muscles of the opposing leg. The opposite pattern, sometimes referred to as the crossed extensor reflex, is seen in the opposing extremity and involves the contraction of all the major extensor muscles.The alternating, out-of-phase reflex movements of the two extremities resemble those that occur when moving. The salivary secretion was at its peak when the patient chewed on the same side of the mouth (ipsilateral) as the salivary flow was being measured. Less saliva flow occurred contralaterally when the responders chewed on the opposite side of the mouth.

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If DNA is damaged or incompletely replicated in S phase, what molecule’s inhibition prevents the cell from entering M phase? A. Cdc6
B. Cdc25
C. S-Cdk
D. ORC

Answers

The Cdc25 molecule's inhibition prevents the cell from entering M phase if DNA is damaged or incompletely duplicated during S phase. The answer is (b).

In mammalian cells, CDC25C is predominately a nuclear protein. It is crucial in the control of cell division. It causes the entry into mitosis by dephosphorylating the Thr14 and Tyr15 residue of cyclinB-bound CDC2. Additionally, it is thought to prevent p53-induced growth arrest. Recent research has shown the dual phosphatase CDC25 as a potential target for a variety of triple-negative breast cancers, including those with RB1/PTEN/P53-deficient tumors.

Additionally, PI3K inhibitors and CDC25 inhibitors work well together to limit the growth of tumors. One of the most important cell cycle regulators is cell division cycle 25 A (Cdc25A), a dual-specificity protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates inhibitory cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) like CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 and positively controls the activities of CDKs that promote cell cycle advancement.

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How does this model support the conclusion that cells need to have a high amount of surface area relative to their total volume?

Answers

Answer:

Due to the increase in surface area, the nutrients move efficiently inside the cell.

Explanation:

The cells need to have a high amount of surface area as compared to their total volume because, with the increase of surface area, the nutrients move efficiently inside the cell. A large surface area to volume ratio indicates that the cell can be efficient in moving nutrients and waste materials around using the process of diffusion but when the volume increases instead of surface area, the efficiency of the cell decreases, and cells won't be able to do its job efficiently.

analogous structures perform similar functions but do not arise from common ancestry. what explains the existence of analogous structures?

Answers

Analogous structures are anatomical structures that have similar functions, but arose independently. Due to environmental stresses and natural selection, organisms of different species evolved and adapted independently, resulting in the existence of body parts with similar functions.

Similar structures that independently developed in two different living species to provide the same function are called analogous structures. The name analogous structures derives from the English linguistic technique "analogy," which is used to compare two unrelated objects. When two species must independently devise the same solutions to the same evolutionary issue, such as concealing, flying, swimming, or conserving water, this is known as convergent evolution. Examples of this technique are structures that are comparable. As a result, different developments of identical body structures occurred. When two buildings resemble one another, it means that they are not the same and did not have a common ancestor. However, they are similar to one another in both form and function.

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Check all that are true statements regarding the anatomy and structure of the sympathetic division. a. The neuron cell bodies are located in the lateral homs of their spinal cord segments. b. The preganglion sympathetic axons remain in the spinal cord for a large distance before leaving. c. The sympathetic trunk ganglia house sympathetic gangionic neuron cell bodies d. The solanchnic nerves are composed of preganglione sympathetic axons that did not synapse in a sympathetic trunk ganglion

Answers

The true statements regarding the anatomy and structure of the sympathetic division are:

The neuron cell bodies are located in the lateral horns of their spinal cord segments.The sympathetic trunk ganglia house sympathetic ganglionic neuron cell bodies.The splanchnic nerves are composed of preganglionic sympathetic axons that did not synapse in a sympathetic trunk ganglion.

The nervous system is a highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by sending signals to and from various parts of its body. The nervous system detects environmental changes that affect the body and then collaborates with the endocrine system to respond.

Around 550 to 600 million years ago, wormlike organisms developed nervous tissue. It is divided into two parts in vertebrates: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.

The presence of a special type of cell known as a neuron defines the nervous system at the cellular level. Neurons have unique structures that allow them to send signals to other cells quickly and precisely. They transmit these signals as electrochemical impulses traveling along thin fibers called axons, which can be directly transmitted to neighboring cells via electrical synapses or cause chemicals called neurotransmitters to be released via chemical synapses.

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what is the shannon index h' for a community that consists of only two species, which both have exactly the same number of individuals

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the shannon index h' for a community that consists of only two species, which both have exactly the same number of individuals is one

A technique to gauge the species diversity in a community is to use the Shannon Diversity Index, also known as the Shannon-Wiener Index.

This index, designated as H, is figured out as follows:

H = -Σpi * ln (pi)

where:

Greek letter, which stands for "sum"

Natural log pi is defined as the percentage of species I that make up the total community. The variety of species in a given community is inversely correlated with H value. The variety decreases with decreasing H values. A community with a H value of 0 has a single species. An indicator of how evenly distributed the species are in a community is the Shannon Equitability Index.

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what is the limiting factor responsible for the low productivity of the open ocean in the saltwater biome?

Answers

Open oceans have relatively low primary productivity because of low levels of the essential nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus.

How much primary production relies upon various ecological factors. These factors incorporate the accessibility of fundamental inorganic supplements, especially nitrogen and phosphorus; water temperature; and the turbidity of the water. Open oceans have moderately low primary productivity on account of low levels of the fundamental supplements nitrogen and phosphorus.

As a result of the thickness distinction between surface water and the remote ocean across a large portion of the ocean, ocean dissemination can gradually once again introduce broke down supplements to the euphotic zone. By driving supplements out of the sunlit, light surface waters, ocean productivity really limits itself.

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the epinephrine signaling pathway plays a role in regulating glucose homeostasis in muscle cells. the signaling pathway is activated by the binding of epinephrine to the beta-2 adrenergic receptor. a simplified model of the epinephrine signaling pathway is represented in figure 1.

Answers

It involves, enzymes activating other enzymes.

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts with the aid of accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may also act are known as substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into distinct molecules known as products.

Enzymes are crucial for digestion, liver function, and much more. An excessive amount of or too little of a sure enzyme can reason fitness issues. Enzymes in our blood can also assist healthcare carriers to check for injuries and sicknesses.

Characteristics of enzymes:

* Enzymes are complicated macromolecules with high molecular weight.

* They catalyze biochemical reactions in a cell.

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A substance did not change its chemical nature in a reaction. Which most likely describes the reaction?

It was heated.
It was hit with a hammer.
It was placed in a salt solution.
It was frozen.

Answers

A substance did not change its chemical nature in a reaction when it was frozen or when it was hit with a hammer. The second and fourth options are correct for the chemical composition.

What are the factors that change its chemical composition?

The chemical nature can be changed when the substance is heated up so that the bonds can be broken, but when the object is frozen, only the state of matter changes, not the chemical composition. The chemical composition of the substance changes when it is treated with a salt solution, but when it is hit with a hammer, only the physical structure changes and the substance breaks, but the chemical composition remains unchanged.

 

Hence, the second and fourth options are correct for the chemical composition.

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The follicular phase of the ovaries corresponds to the ________ phase of the endometrium.

Answers

The follicular phase of the ovaries corresponds to the menstrual and proliferative phase of the endometrium.

The organs within the lady's reproductive device consist of the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, and vagina. The uterus has a muscular outer layer known as the myometrium and an internal lining called the endometrium.

The physiological features of the uterine endometrium (uterine lining) are guidance for implantation, renovation of being pregnant if implantation happens, and menstruation in the absence of pregnancy. The endometrium, therefore, performs a pivotal role in the replica and continuation of our species.

Endometrial hyperplasia most often is caused by extra estrogen without progesterone. If ovulation does not occur, progesterone is not made, and the liner isn't shed.

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of the following chromosomal abnormalities, which type is most likely to be viable in humans?

Answers

The sort of chromosomal abnormality that has the greatest chance of surviving in humans is known as trisomy.

What is an anomaly of the chromosomes?

Both numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities are possible. A numerical anomaly indicates that a person either lacks one of a pair's chromosomes or has more then two chromosomes. The structure of the chromosome has been altered during one of numerous ways when there is a structural problem.

What puts you at an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities?

One of the potential parents has a chromosomal abnormality, and other risk factors include the woman's advanced age, a personal history of genetic disorders, a previous child who was born with a birth defect or experienced a miscarriage.

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Classify the following traits as specific to either cells or viruses, or shared by both.Unique to cells:Shared by cells:and viruses Unique to viruses:Answer Bank:can actively respond to environmental stimulicontain genetic material protected by a protein coatcan autonomously carry out biological processescontain genetic material capable of undergoing evolution by natural selectioncontain organelles that are bound by membranes

Answers

Specific characteristics of cells such as they can react quickly to environmental cues, are capable of performing biological activities independently, and entail organelles that are membrane-bound.

Viruses only have certain characteristics: Enclose genetic material in a protein coat. The similarities between viruses and cells: contain genetic material that can undergo natural selection-based evolution

Virion, the full virus particle, is made up of genetic material encased in a protein coat made of capsomeres and is an infectious intracellular parasite. The protoplasm, cell organelles, metabolic enzymes, and all other molecular machinery are absent from viruses. Therefore, it cannot carry out biological functions, which can evolve through natural selection. The structural and operational core of every creature is the cell.

These organelles, which are surrounded by cell membranes and include organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, chloroplasts, and vesicles, assist the cell in carrying out biological operations. Additionally, the cells carry genetic material that can evolve through natural selection and actively react to environmental cues.

Thus, we might conclude that specific property of cells, such as their ability to respond swiftly to environmental stimuli, their ability to carry out biological processes on their own, and the presence of organelles that are membrane-bound.

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Wildflowers are plants that grow on the forest floor. During a study, a scientist observed that wildflowers began to bloom before the leaves appeared on the tall trees above them and stopped blooming once the trees were full of broad leaves which blocked the sunlight.

Evaluate this observation and explain a limiting factor this is affecting the wildflowers on the forest floor

Answers

The limiting factor that is affecting the wildflowers on the forest floor is the sunlight.

Why the sun is been regarded as the limiting factor ?

The sun is been regarded as the limiting factor because the wildflowers bloomed even prior to the appearance of the leaves  on tall trees  as aresult of their access to sunlight, however when the trees become tall, the height of the tall trees blocked the sunlight with their leaves,  which will prevent the wildflowers  from bloom.

It should be noted that the limiting factor can be described as anything that constrains a population's size  as well as slows or stops it from growing insdtance of the limiting factors can be the biotic, such as food, mates, and competition with other organisms for survival.

In conclusion the limiting factor  which was affecting the wildflowers on the forest floor  can be regarded as the sunlight.

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The enzyme that is responsible for catalyzing the process of transcription is called

Answers

The enzyme that is responsible for catalyzing the process of transcription is called RNA polymerase

What is the role of RNA polymerase?

The key enzyme for gene expression, RNA polymerase (RNAP), converts DNA to RNA. With the exception of mitochondrial RNA transcription, which is done by a single-subunit RNAP, all cellular species generate RNA using highly conserved multi-subunit DNA-dependent RNAPs. One of RNAP's primary responsibilities is to regulate the quantity and type of RNA transcripts produced in response to the needs of the cell. RNAP is involved in the creation of molecules with such a broad range of tasks. The enzyme, particularly the carboxy-terminal end of one subunit, interacts with a variety of other proteins, transcription factors, and signalling molecules to control its activity.

According to the question:

When DNA is translated, RNA is created. When necessary, RNA polymerase copies a gene from DNA to mRNA during transcription. The DNA location that RNA polymerase binds to during transcription is known as the promoter. One or more sigma factor proteins attach to the RNA polymerase holoenzyme to enable it to bind to promoter DNA at the start of transcription. The two strands of the DNA helix are split apart by RNA polymerase, which also produces a transcription bubble. By severing the hydrogen bonds between the complementary DNA nucleotides, this is accomplished.

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what structure allows the lymphatic system to absorb dietary fats from the small intestine?

Answers

Lacteals allow the lymphatic system to absorb dietary fats from the small intestine.

The initial lymphatics in the villi of the small intestine referred to as lacteals, acquire fluids, electrolytes, and proteins from their surrounding interstitial area.

Lacteals are the lymphatic capillaries that take in fat and fat-soluble nutrients in the villi of the small gut. Thanks to its large diameter than blood capillaries, fat molecules are absorbed by lacteals from the gut.

Villi that line the walls of the small gut soak up nutrients into the capillaries of the circulatory system and lacteals of the lymphatic device. Villi comprise capillary beds, in addition to lymphatic vessels known as lacteals.

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All of the following proteins may be found in the extracellular matrix of animal cells EXCEPT _____.
actin
collagen
fibronectin
All of the listed proteins are found in the extracellular matrix of animal cells.

Answers

'All of the following proteins may be found in the extracellular matrix of animal cells EXCEPT actin proteins since all other proteins are found in the extracellular matrix of animal cells (Option A).

What is the actin protein?

The actin protein is a fundamental protein in diverse cells but especially in the muscle cells because they are linked to myosin to produce contraction in these types of cells in response to environmental stimuli associated also with the nerve system.

Moreover, the actin protein is also involved in the formation of the cytoskeleton which is a rigid structure that provides support to all cells in animals.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the actin protein is a key component of the cytoskeleton and also muscle cells but this protein is not found in the extracellular matrix that surrounds the cell in animals.

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