a) Chromosomal translocation is the process by which duplicated gene sequences have gotten from one chromosome to another.
In the field of biology, chromosomal translocation can be described as a process in which the genes of one chromosome have the ability to jump to another chromosome. A portion of genes break from the original chromosomes and move to another chromosome during the process of chromosomal translocation.
This is the reason that the genes responsible for the synthesis of globin molecules are present on chromosome 11 as well as chromosome 16. Multigene families are formed as a result of the process of chromosomal translocation.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Multigene families include two or more nearly identical genes or genes sharing nearly identical sequences. A classical example is the set of genes for globin molecules, including genes on human chromosomes 11 and 16. How might identical and obviously duplicated gene sequences have gotten from one chromosome to another?
a) chromosomal translocation
b) chromosomal mutation
c) induction process
d) none of the above
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a ribosome is made of a. rrna and proteins. b. trna, rrna, and mrna. c. trna and rrna. d. trna, rrna, and proteins. e. rrna and mrna.
Option A, Ribosomes are made up of two subunits, each of which has several proteins and rRNA in it.
A ribosome is an intercellular structure comprised of both RNA and protein where a cell makes proteins. The mRNA sequence is decoded by the ribosome, which translates the genetic code into a particular string of amino acids that form extended chains and fold to form proteins. The two primary components of ribosomes are the small and large ribosomal subunits. Numerous ribosomal proteins and one or more ribosomal RNA make up each subunit (RPs or r-proteins). Ribosomes and associated elements are also referred to as translational machinery.
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Match each word or phrase to identify whether or not each word or phrase represents a
reason for the change in chimpanzee hands.
Crossbreeding between gorillas and
chimpanzees
Mutations in chimpanzee DNA
Differences in the ways chimpanzees
use their hands
Sexual reproduction
[Choose ]
[Choose ]
[Choose]
[Choose ]
A reason for a change in the chimpanzee's hands include the following: Mutations in chimpanzee DNA and Crossbreeding between gorillas and chimpanzees; while the phrase that doesn't show a reason is Sexual reproduction and Differences in the ways chimpanzees
use their hands.
What is mutation?Mutation is defined as the alteration in the genetic makeup of a living organism which may occur due to the following:
When there is spontaneous break down of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).Change in a single nucleotide of the DNA.when there is additions or deletions of nucleotide in a DNA strand.A change can be noticed in an animal such as Chimpanzee when the following occurs:
Mutations in chimpanzee DNA: This can alter both that anatomy and the physiological features of the organism involved.Crossbreeding between gorillas and chimpanzees: When there is cross breeding between a chimpanzee and a gorilla, it will lead to a genetic diversity which can be observed as a change in the hands of the chimpanzee.Learn more about mutation here:
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which of the following is the most common pattern of bone loss? group of answer choices a) vertical bone loss b) horizontal bone loss c) interproximal bone loss d) circumferential bone losswhich of the following is the most common pattern of bone loss? group of answer choices a) vertical bone loss b) horizontal bone loss c) interproximal bone loss d) circumferential bone loss
Answer:
Option (B)
Explanation:
HORIZONTAL BONE LOSS: Most common pattern of bone loss in periodontal disease. ‘The bone is reduced in height, but the bone margins remain approximately perpendicular to the tooth surface’. The inter dental septa and facial and lingual plates are affected but not to equal degree around the same tooth.
passage 1 is adapted from ancient dna tells story of giant eagle evolution, © 2005 by public library of science. passage 2 is adapted from tim heupink, et al. dodos and spotted green pigeons are descendants of an island hopping bird, © 2014 by biomed central.
The idea that the spotted green pigeon is descended from an island-hopping bird is presented in passage 2 of the essay, and throughout the piece.
How did species like the moa and giant eagle go extinct?There is no question that these early settlers may have attempted to kill the eagle at every opportunity. Moa, which probably made up a large portion of the eagle's food, likely became extinct as a result of Mori hunting. The population of Haast's eagles rapidly decreased and eventually went extinct.
Which was the largest eagle to become extinct?The largest extant eagle is 30–40% lighter than the extinct Haast's eagle (Harpagornis moorei). With a wingspan of 2.5 to 3 meters and a weight of 10 to 14 kilos, it must have been a terrifying sight for the first humans to arrive in New Zealand, almost 700 years ago.
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put the components of the brainstem in order from the most rostral at the top to the most caudal.
One part of the central nervous system is the brain.
What part of the brainstem is most caudal?The brainstem's narrowest and most caudal region is known as the medulla oblongata or medulla.One part of the central nervous system is the brain. The cranium shields the brain, which lies inside the head. The cerebrum, which makes decisions based on information received and transmits commands to the body, is the largest portion of the brain.Movement coordination is carried out by the cerebellum, which is situated behind the cerebrum. The spinal cord, which is positioned in the vertebral canal and is the other component of the central nervous system, is connected to the brain by the brainstem.Put the components of the brainstem in order from the most rostral to the most caudal. Diencephalon Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongataTo learn more about the components of the brainstem refer to:
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when surgeons harvest a vein to reattach a broken artery, do they need to be concerned about the presence of valves?
Yes. Veins have valves, but arteries do not. Any valve in the vein piece that is used needs to be positioned so that blood can flow in the artery away from the heart.
All of the body's organs have veins that carry blood back to the heart. Away from the heart, arteries transport blood that is rich in nutrients and oxygen to the rest of the body.
The big veins and arteries run parallel to one another and frequently have the same name. In addition, several unidentified small veins join to the major veins in the form of asymmetrical networks.
One-way valves are present in many veins, especially those in the arms and legs. Two flaps (cusps or leaflets) with intersecting edges make up each valve. The flaps are pushed open like a pair of one-way swinging doors by blood flowing toward the heart. The flaps are pushed shut if blood starts to back up in a vein or if gravity or muscle contractions try to pull the blood backward.
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which division of the ans is associated with normal body maintenance? multiple choice question. parasympathetic division sympathetic division
Division of the parasympathetic system is related to regular bodily maintenance.
"Fight-or-flight" reactions are managed by the sympathetic division of nervous system. The bodily processes that we would anticipate to enable this to happen do, in fact, take place. The "rest and digest" functions are regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. Parasympathetic fibers from the brainstem are carried by cranial nerves with the numbers VII and X. List the areas of the spinal cord where the sympathetic nervous system's nerves originate. Your sympathetic nervous system is balanced by the parasympathetic branch of your autonomic nervous system. Your sympathetic nervous system controls the "fight or flight" response in your body, while your parasympathetic nervous system controls the "rest and digest" response.
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rna polymerase moves in which direction along the dna?rna polymerase moves in which direction along the dna?5' to 3' along the template strand
The DNA is moved by the RNA polymerase in the 5' to 3' direction. The RNA molecule initially develops its 3' end. At a "start codon," transcription always begins.
A promoter sequence must first be bound by the RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase produces a corresponding RNA transcript to the DNA template strand in the 5' to 3' orientation. The DNA double helix is opened as it advances down the template strand in the 3' to 5' direction. These neighboring genes' transcription factor jigsaw puzzles are mirror images of one another. Additionally, the RNA polymerase is instructed by the direction they point in which direction to begin reading.
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What molecule is similar to ATP structure?
RNA and DNA are similar to ATP molecules.
Both DNA and RNA are similar to ATP molecules. ATP is adenosine triphosphate. It is made up of the nitrogenous base adenine, 5-carbon sugar, and three phosphate molecules.
DNA and RNA are made of nucleotides. This nucleotide also contains three main components: the 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, and phosphate group.
The only difference between DNA and RNA is the presence of different 5-C sugars. DNA has deoxyribose sugar, and RNA has ribose sugar. Also, both DNA and RNA are made of only one phosphate group; that's how they differ from the energy currency, ATP.
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Is peptide another word for amino acid?
Prosthetics is the field of medicine concerned with the design, manufacture, and attachment of artificial body parts. Recent advances in prosthetics have produced devices that cover a wider range of functions and work more like their tissue counterparts. The following is a mechanical heart valve next to the tissue it is designed to replace.
Answer:
I think its the first option
Explanation:
giraffes have a haploid chromosome number of 15. how many chromatids should be present in a diploid, somatic, giraffe cell at the end of prophase?
The giraffes have a haploid chromosome number of 15.
Chromosomes are duplicating and germ cells are expanding. It should be emphasized that germ cells are diploid at birth, with 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of homologues. The germ cells have 46 chromosomes (92 chromatids) following chromosomal replication.
What occurs at the prophase's conclusion?
The commencement of a group of fibers organizing to form a spindle and the dissolution of the nuclear membrane signal the end of prophase, respectively.
How does prophase affect an animal cell?
Chromatin gathers into chromosomes and the nuclear envelope, which is the membrane that encloses the nucleus, disintegrates during prophase. The centrioles in animal cells start to divide and travel to the opposing poles of the cell as they are close to the nucleus.
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you walk outside on a crisp fall day in philadelphia. what cells in the eye allow you to take in all the colors of the trees?
That is a true statement. The receptors of our olfactory system are free nerve endings that are located in the Philadelphia nasal cavity and are open to the surroundings.
Cones help the eye recognize all the shades of the trees because they are highly active in brilliant light, which is present on a crisp fall day. Cones provide for photopic vision.
In contrast, because they are more active in low light, rodes have scotopic vision.
Since rods impair color vision, the nighttime environment appears to us in grayscale. The rod cells that make up the human eye number over 100 million.
Cones use much more light because they are used to see color. Cones are available in three distinct hues: blue, green, and red.
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Solid fats are more likely to raise blood cholesterol levels than liquid fats. Suppose a nutritionist analyzed the percentage of saturated fat for a sample of 6 brands of stick margarine (solid fat) and for a sample of 6 brands of liquid margarine and obtained the following results:.
Answer: The most favorable figures are 24.7%.
Explanation:
compute the stick and liquid data's mean and standard deviation. The element's sigma is represented by the bar. The time now is 26.30. If you enter the value of X as 1, then every number between 1 and 1 will equal 6, and the standard deviation is equal to N-1. sigma of x1 - x1 bar old square If I put the data here, I would call this the under root of 10 0.108. What we can see, we can. We may estimate that this was for the stick at 101.70. Here, I combined all the X values and divided them by six. Therefore, this is roughly 16. Even though the formula is the same, the standard deviation is lower than seven. The old one is equal to the new one, which is the null hypothesis, and the new one is not equal to the old one, which is the conventional hypothesis. To determine whether the null hypothesis is separate or not, we will apply the T. Test component 26 tests in this section and the following one. On the electric slide, one square on N plus equals two squares. The values are divided first into six equal parts by the square's under-root, and then into six equal parts by the entire square. This comes to about 34.75
Solid fats are more likely to raise blood cholesterol levels than liquid fats. When a nutritionist analyzed the percentage of saturated fat for a sample of 6 brands of stick margarine (the solid fat) and for a sample of 6 brands of liquid margarine and obtained the following results:
Stick= [26.1, 26.5, 26.5, 25.8, 26.7, 26.2]
Liquid= [16.6, 16.5, 17.1, 17.5, 17.7, 16.3]
Calculate the mean and standard deviation for the stick and liquid values. The bar displays the element's sigma. It is currently 26:30. Every integer between 1 and 1 will equal 6, and the standard deviation is equal to N-1, if you enter 1 as the value of X. sigma of x1 - x1 bar old square I would refer to this as the under root of 10 0.108 if I were to enter the data. We can see what we can see. This was, roughly speaking, for the stick at 101.70.
Here, I divided the total number of X values by six in this case. Thus, this is approximately 16. The standard deviation is less than seven despite the fact that the formula is the same. The null hypothesis is that the new and old are equal, while the conventional hypothesis is that the new and old are not equal.We will use the T. Test component 26 tests in this section and the one that follows to assess whether or not the null hypothesis is distinct. One square on N plus equals two squares on the electric slide. The under-root of the square divides the values first into six equal parts, and then the full square divides the values into six equal parts. This equals around 34.75.
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What does a gene chip compare?
Answer:
DNA microarrays are microscope slides that are printed with thousands of tiny spots in defined positions, with each spot containing a known DNA sequence or gene.
Explanation:
in the old days, milkmaids were exposed to cowpox from milking the cows, and this fortuitously gave them some protection from smallpox. what was happening in the milkmaids? a) they were receiving a dose of generic igg from the sick cows. b) they were effectively receiving a vaccination from a related virus. c) they were heightening their overall immune response due to exposure to the cowpox and other cow parasites. d) they had a stronger immune response from drinking the milk, which sent cow b cells circulating through their blood.
When examining the iconography of the painting, it appears that Vermeer was honoring the ideals of moderation, cleanliness, and diligence.
What jobs did milkmaids have?At the time the painting was made, the woman would have been referred to as a "kitchen maid" or maid-of-all-work rather than a specialized "milkmaid": "milk maids" were women who milked cows; kitchen maids worked in kitchens.
How did cowpox infect milkmaids?Milkmaids and dairy farmers frequently came into contact with cows, some of which occasionally acquired pustules on their udders, signs of the zoonotic disease known as cowpox. Cowpox typically only caused modest symptoms in people, such as pustules on the hands and arms.
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the cell bodies of sensory neurons are found in an enlarged area of the dorsal root called the gray commissure.a. trueb. false
The statement that the cell bodies of sensory neurons are found in an enlarged area of the dorsal root called the gray commissure is false because the cell body is called a DORSAL ROOT GANGLION.
From the peripheral nervous system, dorsal nerve roots provide sensory neural signals to the central nervous system. Anatomically, the dorsal root of the spinal nerves gives rise to a dorsal root ganglion. They transport sensory information from numerous peripheral receptors in order for the central nervous system to respond. The function of DRG in chronic pain is well known. Anesthesia infiltration of the DRG was first described in 1949. The dorsal root entry zone (DREZ), a nearby related neural target, dorsal rhizotomy or gangliectomy, conventional radiofrequency denervation, pulsed radiofrequency, and steroid injection have all been used to target the DRG.
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Four identical lab carts each have a mass of 200 kg. Different masses are added to the carts and the velocities are measured. All carts move to the right.
An illustration with four carts labeled Cart A, Cart B, Cart C, and Cart D. Cart B has a 20 kilogram mass in it, Cart C has a 40 kilogram mass in it, and Cart D has a 60 kilogram mass in it. There are labels under each cart. Under Cart A is v = 4.8 meters per second, under cart B is v = 4.0meters per second, under cart C is v = 3.8 meters per second, and under cart D is v = 3.5 meters per second.
Which cart has the greatest momentum?
cart A
cart B
cart C
cart D
Mark this and return
cart a.............................
A female fish is homozygous dominant for both fancy fins (f) and shiny scales (s). She is crossed with a male who is heterozygous for both traits. What are the genotypes of these fish? (female; male).
These fish's genotypes are female - FFSS ; male - FfSs
How many genotypes are there?The four genotypes are denoted by the abbreviations XXF , XYF, XXM , and XYM since we define sex according to the kind of gonads.
How are the genotypes located?In a single experiment, the genotypes of millions of sites in a genome can be determined using DNA sequencing as well as other techniques.Some genetics influence an individual's phenotype, or observable traits.
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Explain the interrelationships between the Nervous system and the Respiratory system of human.
How does these system work together?
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
The nervous system and the respiratory system are closely interconnected and work together to regulate breathing and ensure that the body receives an adequate supply of oxygen. The respiratory system is responsible for inhaling oxygen from the air and exhaling carbon dioxide, while the nervous system helps to control and coordinate this process.
When the body senses a need for more oxygen, such as during exercise or other strenuous activity, the nervous system sends signals to the muscles that control breathing to increase the rate and depth of breathing. This allows more oxygen to be inhaled and delivered to the body's cells. At the same time, the nervous system also sends signals to the blood vessels to dilate, which allows more oxygen-rich blood to be delivered to the body's tissues.
Conversely, when the body has an excess of carbon dioxide, the nervous system sends signals to the respiratory system to slow down and decrease the rate of breathing. This allows the body to exhale more carbon dioxide and maintain a healthy balance of gases in the blood.
Overall, the interrelationship between the nervous system and the respiratory system is essential for maintaining proper breathing and ensuring that the body receives an adequate supply of oxygen. These two systems work together to regulate breathing and help the body function properly.
parathyroid hormone release depends on blood levels of calcium. such an endocrine reflex is said to be initiated by
Parathyroid hormone release depends on blood levels of calcium and endocrine reflex such as hormonal stimulation.
The basic mechanism controlling parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels is a feedback loop between your blood calcium levels and your parathyroid glands. In other words, low calcium levels in the blood encourage the release of parathyroid hormone, whereas high calcium levels in the blood restrict the release of parathyroid hormone by your glands.
Humoral stimuli are the kind of stimuli that regulate parathyroid release. A hormone is released in reaction to a shift in the body's extracellular fluids, and this is known as a humoral stimulus. Low calcium levels in the parathyroid gland's case cause it to function.
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if you analyze the neutral mutations from two groups and find there are few differences in their nucleotide sequences, you would logically conclude that
diverged from a common ancestor only recently.
The most recent individual from whom all members of a group are directly descended is known as the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) in genetic genealogy. An established pedigree can occasionally be used to ascertain the MRCA of a group of people.
An ancestor species radiates into a variety of successor species having both similar and dissimilar features, as seen in the case of Darwin's finches, which is a well-known and prominent example of divergent evolution.
The process of speciation results in the emergence of new species. An ancestor species that can no longer interbreed separates into two or more descendant species that are genetically distinct from one another during speciation. According to Darwin, speciation is a branching process.
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Dna molecules separate into single strands, which are then used to construct two identical strands of dna. This process ensures genetic.
The DNA molecule separates into single strands, which are then used to build two identical DNA strands. This process ensures that the daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cells.
DNA replication is the ability of DNA to multiply to produce new DNA. DNA replication is needed during mitotic division so that each cell resulting from division contains DNA identical to its parent.
If DNA does not replicate, then cell division cannot take place because each organism must duplicate DNA before each cell does cell division.
DNA replication is semi-destructive in that both single-stranded DNA acts as a template for the formation of new DNA strands, all single-stranded DNA is retained, and new strands are made from new nucleotides.
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if mrnas could be ligated and replicated within plasmids, what enzyme commonly used in recombinant dna technology would no longer be needed?
An enzyme called reverse transcriptase is employed to make complementary DNA (cDNA) from RNA. To create a single, intact DNA molecule, the enzyme DNA ligase binds the fragments with complementary ends.
What is recombinant DNA?
As a result, a recombinant plasmid containing the target gene is created. The process of fusing two or more DNA molecules to produce a hybrid is known as recombinant DNA. Restrictions endonucleases and ligases are two classes of enzymes that enable the technique. Restrictions enzymes, polymerases, and ligases are among the enzymes that aid in cutting, synthesis, and binding. The position at which the desired gene is inserted into the vector genome is greatly influenced by the restriction enzymes utilized in recombinant DNA technology.
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primary producers are present in every biome, including the deep sea. how can primary producers exist in the deep sea when sunlight does not penetrate to these depths?
Primary producers existing in the deep sea when sunlight is not penetrating as they use strength from chemical reactions to force the discount of CO2 to natural compounds.
The deep ocean, many masses of meters farfar from the sun's rays, some other procedure is taking place: chemosynthesis. Tiny microbes use chemical strength in preference to mild to mix water and carbon dioxide to make sugar.
Obviously, organisms who stay on the deep sea vents cannot rely upon the Sun; instead, a lot of them rely upon the chemical compounds that pop out of the vents—the procedure they use to create meals is known as chemosynthesis in preference to photosynthesis.
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in the spinothalamic tract, the which order neurons decussate from the posterior horn of the spinal cord?
The second order neurons in the spinothalamic tract decussate from the posterior horn of the spinal cord.
In the spinothalamic tract, the second order neurons decussate from the posterior horn of the spinal cord. This occurs at the level of the spinal cord where the second order neurons of the spinothalamic tract cross from the contralateral side to the ipsilateral side of the cord. This decussation occurs in the anterior white commissure, which is a bundle of nerve fibers located in the anterior portion of the spinal cord. The axons of the second order neurons travel up the contralateral side of the spinal cord, forming the spinothalamic tract. This tract carries information from the body to the thalamus, where the information is further processed and sent to the cortex.
A neuron is a specialized cell that transmits information throughout the body. Neurons are found in the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the nervous system. They are responsible for processing and transmitting signals between the body and the brain. Neurons are made up of dendrites, a cell body, and axons. Dendrites are branches of the neuron that receive signals from other neurons. The cell body contains the nucleus and is the control center of the neuron. Axons are the output of the neuron, sending signals to other neurons. Neurons communicate with each other through chemical and electrical signals. These signals are passed from one neuron to another through synapses.
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The following diagram shows the forelimb structure of an extinct species of mammal. Each circle represents a wrist bone, and three digits extend from the wrist.
The forelimbs below belong to four species that descended in a direct line from the ancestral mammal shown above. Of the four descendants shown, which species most likely appeared earliest in evolutionary history?
The one with the three circles, in the forelimbs of the species, is most likely to appear earliest in evolutionary history.
What is Forelimb?One of the paired articulated limbs linked to the cranial end of a terrestrial tetrapod vertebrate's body is called a forelimb or front limb. Foreleg or front leg is a more common phrase when referring to quadrupeds. The phrase upper limb is frequently used in reference to bipedal creatures having an upright posture, such as humans and some monkeys.
What is Species?A species is an organism's fundamental unit of classification, a taxonomic rank, and a component of biodiversity. The biggest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the right sexes or mating types can conceive a fertile offspring, usually by sexual reproduction, is referred to as a species. A species can also be identified by its karyotype, DNA sequence, anatomy, behaviour, or ecological niche.
Hence, the one with the three circles, in the forelimbs of the species, is most likely to appear earliest in evolutionary history.
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Beginning with carbon fixation, arrange the steps of the Calvin cycle in the correct order
Answer:no ie
Explanation:
because
tiny, one-celled organisms that are neither plants nor animals. they are involved in infectious disease and decay. they live nearly everywhere on planet earth, including in the human body.
Option a, "bacteria," is the correct selection. One-celled, microscopic organisms known as bacteria are neither plants nor animals. They play a role in the degradation and infectious disease.
Bacteria are classified as prokaryotic unicellular life because they lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other internal components. Some species can endure conditions with extreme temperatures and pressure. It's believed that there are more bacteria in the human body than there are in human cells. Its gel-like matrix, which also contains other cell components like ribosomes, chromosomes, and plasmids, is made up of water, enzymes, nutrients, waste products, and gases. The cell membrane encloses the cytoplasm and all of its constituent parts. Eukaryotic (true) cells that resemble membranes contain bacteria without nuclei.
Thus, we might conclude that tiny bacteria single-celled organisms are neither plants nor animals. They contribute to decay and infectious illness.
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Your question is incomplete. Please find the complete question below.
Tiny, one-celled organisms that are neither plants nor animals. they are involved in infectious diseases and decay. they live nearly everywhere on planet earth, including in the human body.
a. bacteria
b. DNA
c. genome
d. immunity
Examine the cross-sectional diagram of a cell.
What evidence indicates this cell is prokaryotic?
Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, have a free-floating chromosome that is circular and is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane.
Instead, DNA simply exists in a region of the cell called the nucleoid.
Prokaryotic cells only have small range of organelles, generally only plasma membrane and ribosomes.
Most prokaryotic cells have a rigid cell wall that surrounds plasma membrane and gives shape to the organism.
In eukaryotes, vertebrates don't have cell wall but plants do
Eukaryotic cells are cells containing membrane-bound organelles and are the basis for both unicellular and multicellular organisms. In contrast, prokaryotic cells do not have any membrane-bound organelles and are always part of unicellular organisms.
Ribosomes occur both as free particles in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and as particles attached to membranes of endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells
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