Each part has its own answer & part 2/2 is a continuation of the first part 1/2 :)

Explanation:

Structurally alcohols are alkanes with one H atom replaced by an -OH group. The main difference with diols is that they have two alcohol groups.

If we take for example the first row. The alcohol has 4 atoms of carbon, so its name is 1-butanol. In the same row, we are given a diol that only has 3 atoms of C (one less). Its name is 1,3-propanediol.

If we consider all the rows we will see that the main difference between the structures that we are given is that in each diol one atom of C is replaced by an alcohol group (-OH).

Answer: the main difference between the structures that we are given is that in each diol one atom of C is replaced by an alcohol group (-OH).

The question requires us to identify the molecular formula of a molecule formed between phosphorus (P) and chlorine (Cl).

The first step to solve this question is write the electronic configuration of both atoms involved (P and Cl) and, from the number of valence electrons, identify how many bonds each one should make.

P has atomic number 15, thus its electronic configuration is: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3

Cl has atomic number 17, thus its electronic configuration is: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5

Note that P has 5 valence electrons (3s2 and 3p3) while Cl has 7 valence electrons (3s2 3p5).

For P, we should expect 3 bonds to other atoms in order to reach the octet, while for Cl, we should expect 1 bond to another atom to achieve the octet.

With that in mind, we can say that each Cl will bond to one P, and we need 3 Cl. Therefore, the molecular formular is PCl3 (the last option).I

The number of moles of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] required to produce 250 grams of [tex]PCl_5[/tex] would be 3 moles.

Phosphorus and chlorine react to form phosphorus pentachloride according to the following balanced equation:

[tex]2P + 5Cl_2 -- > 2PCl_5[/tex]

From the equation of the reaction, the mole ratio of chlorine and phosphorus pentachloride is 5:2. Thus, 5 moles of chlorine will produce 2 moles of phosphorus pentachloride.

Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass

The molar mass of [tex]PCl_5[/tex] is 208.24 g/mol

Thus, 250 g of [tex]PCl_5[/tex] would be equivalent to:

mole = 250/208.24

         = 1.20 mol

2 mol [tex]PCl_5[/tex] = 5 moles [tex]Cl_2[/tex]

1.20 mol = 5 x 1.2/2

              = 3 moles

In other words, 250 g [tex]PCl_5[/tex] will require 3 moles of [tex]Cl_2[/tex].

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Answer:

Explanation;

Here, we want to get the number of moles in the given number of atoms

Mathematically:

The number of moles in the given number of atoms is thus:

1) Molar concentration (Molarity). This concentration unit tells us the amount a solute per unit of volume.

M: Molar concentration

n: moles of solute

v: liters of solution

Mr. Orlin is incorrect because he used grams instead of moles.

2) Calculating the molarity of the solution

Convert grams of FeCl2 to moles

The molar mass of FeCl2 is 126.75 g/mol

Plug in known values

The concentration of a 0.45 L solution containing 200 g of iron (II) chloride is 3.507 M FeCl2.

.

CuSO4 + 5H2O → CuSO4 + H2O In this reaction addition of water takes place therefore this is a hydration reaction.

A chemical event called hydration occurs when two substances interact with water. Water is added to an unsaturated substrate in organic chemistry, which is often an alkene or an alkyne. The industrial production of ethanol, isopropanol, and butan-2-ol uses this sort of reaction.

Alkenes are often hydrated to produce alcohol, which is one of the most frequent hydration reactions.

While copper cannot conduct a displacement reaction with water, it may produce copper complexes through a redox/electrochemical reaction with water, oxygen.

Thus, this is hydration reaction.

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To balance a chemical equation, we have to take into account the coefficients and subscripts that indicate us the number of atoms of each element.

The first element we are going to balance is sodium, in the reactants, there is only one atom and in the products there two atoms of Na, so we have to assign 4 as the coefficient of NaOH and 2 as the coefficient of Na2HPO3.

There are 4 atoms of phosphorus in the reactants and 3 of them in the products. To balance it assign 2 as the coefficient of PH3.

Finally, balance the number of oxygens and hydrogens in the equation. There are 5 atoms of oxygen in the reactans and 6 of them in the products. Assign 2 as the coefficient of H2O, at this points, all the elements are balanced.

The balanced equation is:

Answer

The molar mass of N₂O₃ = 76.0104 g/mol

Step-by-step explanation:

Using the atomic masses of elements from the periodic table; (N = 14.0067, O = 15.999).

Therefore, the molar mass of dinitrogen trioxide is calculated below.

N₂O₃ = 2(N) + 3(O)

N₂O₃ = 2(14.0067) + 3(15.999)

N₂O₃ = 28.0134 + 47.997

N₂O₃ =76.0104 g/mol

The molar mass of N₂O₃ = 76.0104 g/mol

0.518 mol L⁻¹ NaCl concentration results when 244 mL of a 0.750 M NaCl solution is mixed with 437 mL of a 0.390M NaCl solution.

Moles of NaCl  in 244ml = 244* 10⁻³L * 0.750 mol L⁻¹

= 183 * 10⁻³ mol

Moles of NaCl in 437ml = 437*10⁻³L * 0.390 mol L⁻¹

=170.43* 10⁻³ mol

Since we must consider the volumes to be additive when these solutions are mixed, we have the following concentration with respect to  NaCl

Concentration =  ( 0.183+ 0.170)mol/ (244+437)*10⁻³L

= 0.353 mol/681*10⁻³

= 0.518 mol L⁻¹

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Group 17 is located on the right side of the periodic table. The atomic radius increases from right to left. It means that group 17 elements have a small atomic radius. Also, they have only one electron in the valence shell, their ionization energy is low, and it is easy to lose that electron. This fact explains its high reactivity.

Answer: Nonmetals have a small atomic radius and can lose electrons easily.

Answer

a. BeO

Explanation

The ionic compound formed from the elements beryllium and oxygen is beryllium oxide. The beryllium ion has a charge of +2 and has the symbol

Be²⁺. The oxide ion has a charge of -2 and has the symbol O²⁻.

Therefore, the correct formula for the compound from the elements beryllium and oxygen will be BeO

Answer: 7 atoms

Explanation:

Answer:

5 atoms

Explanation:

Pb= 1 atom

N = 1 atom

O = 3 atoms

Thus, total no. of atoms are 5

In this question, we have the following reaction:

2 SO2 + O2 -> 2 SO3, this reaction is already balanced

Considering molar ratio, we have:

2 SO2 = 1 O2

2 SO2 = 2 SO3

1 O2 = 2 SO3

Now, we need to find the limiting reactant, we will do it by checking the number of moles of both SO2 and O2 and compare it with the molar ratio

Let's start with SO2, molar ratio = 64.066g/mol

64.066g = 1 mol

35.0g = x moles

x = 0.546 moles of SO2 in 35 grams

According to the molar ratio, if we have 0.546 moles of SO2, we need half of it of O2, therefore:

0.546/2 = 0.273 moles of O2 is required

We need to check the number of moles of O2 to analyze if we have less or more moles than we actually need, O2 molar mass = 32g/mol

32g = 1 mol

35g = x moles

x = 1.094 moles of O2

If we have 1.094 moles and we need only 0.273 moles, this means that O2 is in excess and SO2 is the limiting reactant

Using the limiting reactant we can find the mass produced of SO3, according to the molar ratio, we will have the same number of moles from both SO2 and SO3, 0.546 moles

Now to find the mass, we use the number of moles, 0.546 and also the molar mass of SO3, 80.06g/mol

80.06g = 1 mol

x grams = 0.546 moles

x = 43.71 grams of SO3

Limiting reactant = SO2

Excess reactant = O2

SO3 formed = 43.71 grams

The final temperature of a 496−g sample of water, initially at 17.0°C, after 74.2 kJ have been added to it is 52.61°C.

Given,

Mass of sample water, m = 496g

Initial temperature of the water, t1 = 17°C

Heat added to the water, Q = 74.2 kj = 74200 kj

The quantity of the heat which is added in water to cause a change in the state of the sample water can be given as

Q = mc∆t

where

c is given as specific heat capacity of water = 4200J/kg°C

∆t = change in temperature of the water

The change in temperature of the water after adding heat is given as

∆t = Q/ mc

By substituting all the values, we get

= 74200/ 0.496 × 4200

= 35.61°C

Thus, from the calculated data we get the value of final temperature

change in temperature = Final temperature - initial temperature

Final temperature = 35.61 + 17 = 52.61°C

Thus, we concluded that the final temperature of a 496−g sample of water, initially at 17.0°C, after 74.2 kJ have been added to it is 52.61°C.

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Explanation:

To solve this question we use the following formula:

m = n*MM

m = mass

n = moles

MM = molar mass

MM of carbon s 12 g/mol

so:

m = 3.25*12

m = 39 g

Answer: 39 g

To determine the pH we can apply the equation for the pH of a solution:

pH = -log [H3O+]

Where [H3O+] is the molar concentration of the acid, so now we can apply the equation and do the respective operation:

3.16×10^23 molecules and 0.52 moles of caffeine are in the can.

given mass of caffeine=102 mg

molecular mass of caffeine=194.20 amu

moles=given mass/molecular mass

moles=102 mg/194.20 amu

moles= 0.52 mol

molecules = moles × avogadro number

molecules =0.52 mol× 6.022× 10^23

molecules=3.16×10^23 molecules

The mole signifies 6.02214076× 10^23 units, which is a very big quantity. The mole for the International System of Units is this quantity, according to the General Conference on Weights and Measures.

Every material has the same amount of atoms or other particles in a mole. The mole has the following relationship to an element's mass: One mole of carbon-12 atoms weighs 12 grams and has 6.02214076× 10^23 atoms.

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3. The leading cause of residencial fires (cooking equipment) is not the leading cause of residential death because the fire in the equipment can be extinguished in time, while the effects of smoking can remain unsigned in time.

4. The percentage of intentionally set fires is 8%. Someone might intentionally set a fire for example by burning yard trimmings.

5. There would be more structural fires in summer due to the high temperatures and the lack of rain.

In this question, we have to find the pH of 4 solutions with the given OH- concentration, and in order to do that, we have to find the pOH first, and then we can find the pH, the formula for pOH is the same as pH:

pOH = -log [OH-]

Solution 1:

pOH = -log [1.0*10^-2]

pOH = 2

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - 2

pH = 12, this is a BASIC solution

Solution 2:

pOH = -log [1.0*10^-11]

pOH = 11

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - 11

pH = 3, this is an ACIDIC solution

Solution 3:

pOH = -log [3.5*10^-2]

pOH = 1.45

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - 1.45

pH = 12.55, this is a BASIC solution

Solution 4:

pOH = -log [4.4*10^-11]

pOH = 10.36

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - 10.36

pH = 3.64, this is an ACIDIC solution

Step 1 - Understanding what is a solution

A solution is a homogeneous mixture consisting of two or more substances: one solvent and two or more solutes. Even though water is the commonest of all solvents, it is not the only one. Alcohol can be a solvent as well, for example.

The solvent is usually defined as the substance present in the greatest amount.

Step 2 - Answering the question

The correct answer is item c) solvent, since the solvent is usually present in the greatest amount.

We can find molarity using the following equation:

In this problem, our solute is CaCO3, and we have 15.7 g of it. To express this amount in moles, what we do is to divide by the molar weight of CaCO3. (Always that you want to pass from grams to moles you do this, just to divide the amount that you have by the molar weight of the substance).

This is:

Now, we have 275mL of solution and this is 0.275L of solution. (To pass from mL to L we just divide by 1000).

Finally, replacing in the formula to find molarity, we have:

The answer is 0.57M.

It is known that the three first alcohols are soluble in water, those are methanol, ethanol and propanol. It means that alcohols with less than 3 carbon atoms (methanol, ethanol) and with 3 carbon atoms (propanol) are soluble in water.

Therefore, the correct answer is Both A and B. The correct choice is D.

[tex]{ \underline{ \red{ \sf{preparation \: f \: diborane}}}}[/tex]

Diborane is prepared by the reduction of boron trichloride with lithium aluminium hydride.

[tex]{ \blue{ \sf{4BF3 + 3LiAlH4 → 2B2H6 + 3AlF3 + 3LiF}}}[/tex]

It can be also prepared by reducing trifluoride with sodium hydride at 180°C.

[tex]{ \red{ \tt{2BF3 + 6NaH \: —(180°C)→ \: B2H6 + 6NaF}}}[/tex]

162.75 g

So 1 mol of Pt contains 195.08 g, and 1 mol = 6.022*10^23 atoms, so when you do the math, you will have the value of 162.75 g of mass

6.022*10^23 = 195.08 g

5.024*10^23 = x grams

6.022*10^23x = 980.08

x = 980.08/6.022*10^23

x = 162.75 g

Option C and D are correct.

Electron affinity is dfined as the energy required to remove en electron from a gaseous atom or molecule. An example of a gaseous atom loosing an electron is given as:

From the reaction, you can see that the gaseous element X looses an electron from its outershell to form an ion. This reaction is known as the first electron affinity.

Hence the correct statement dealing with electron affinity are:

• It is the enthalpy change associated with the, removal of an electron, from a gaseous atom or ion.

• In general the, first electron affinity, is:, X(g) + e- → X-(g)

The first shown ionic compound has only two elements, Li and F.

On a periodica table, we can see that Li is on the first group, so it is the metal one.

F is on the 17th group, so it is the nonmetal.

We have only one of each of them, so the formula will only have one of each.

The formula is:

And we have 1 of each, so their ratio is 1:1.

The viscosity of the liquid will be increasing.

The bond that holds the particles of liquid together is weak compared to solid.

The application of heat to a substance gradually causes a decrease in its viscosity because the molecules of the liquid substance get excited when the liquid is heated up.

When the temperature of the liquid is gradually decreased, the energy that causes the molecules to move will no longer be enough to overcome the forces that bind the molecules together causing the liquid to become thicker and increasing the viscosity of the liquid.

Therefore we can conclude that when the temperature of a liquid is gradually decreased, the viscosity of the liquid will be increasing.

The pH of 0.00339 M solution of NaF when Ka for HF is 6.8 x 10^-4 is 7.34

In this case, it is the base, F-.  A reaction table for base ionization, which is the reaction of a base with water:

F- + H2O <===> HF + OH-

Kb  =  [OH-][HF] / [F-]

Ka = 6.8 x 10-4

Kb =   1.47 x 10-11

 1.47 x 10-11 = [x] [x] / 0.00339-x  =  [x] [x] / 0.00339 ( x << than 0.00339 M due to the small Kb)

x  = 2.23 x 10-7

pOH =  6.65

pH =  14-6.65 = 7.34

pH = 7.34

The pH is 7.34

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Answer

Carbon (C)

Procedure

The initial oxidation states of our balanced reaction are

Reduction is the gain of electrons or a reduction in the oxidation state of an atom, ion, or certain atoms in a molecule.

Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state of an atom, ion, or certain atoms in a molecule.

Therefore we conclude that carbon is being oxidized.

Step 1

The conservation of matter or mass is applied here. The same atoms must appear on both sides of the reaction.

The same number of atoms must appear on both sides of the reaction too.

---------------

Step 2

The reaction:

2 C2H6 + 7 O2 => 4 CO2 + 6 H2O (this is a combustion reaction)

The numbers next to the molecules are coefficients.

According to the question, the answer is:

2 C2H6

7 O2

4 CO2

6 H2O