Isotopes undergo radioactive decay because thermodynamics generally governs the situation. Every atom strives to have the greatest degree of stability. When the number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus is out of balance, instability results in radioactive decay. In essence, the nucleus contains too much energy to keep all the nucleons together.
Radioactive decay a the spontaneous process through which an unstable atomic nucleus breaks into smaller, more stable fragments.
Three Types of Radioactive Decay:
Alpha Decay:
When an alpha particle basically a helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons is ejected, the parent's atomic number and mass number are reduced by two and four, respectively.
Beta Decay:
A stream of electrons from the parent, known as beta particles, is released during beta decay, and a neutron in the nucleus is changed into a proton. The new nucleus has the same mass number, but an additional atomic number of one.
Gamma Decay:
The atomic nucleus releases extra energy during gamma decay in the form of high-energy photons (electromagnetic radiation). The resultant nucleus takes on a more stable energy state while maintaining the same atomic number and mass number.
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The mass In grams of fluorine in a sample of MgF 2 that contains 20.1 grams of magnesium is:A)10.6 grams B)6.4 grams C)42.4 grams D)16.5 grams
1. In order to answer this one and the next one, we will use mass percentage as our guide, since every compound has a mass percentage for each element, and this is found by checking the total mass and the separate masses of each element, for example, MgF2, the mass percentage is 39% for Mg and 61% for F2, this is due to their molar mass, 24g for Mg and 38g for F2
We have 27.1 g of Mg, and this will always correspond for 39% of the total mass of the compound, so we can do the following math:
100% = x
39% = 27.1g
x = 69.5 grams is the total mass of MgF2, now we only have to subtract the value of Mg and then we will have F2
69.5 - 27.1 = 42.4 grams, this is the mass of Fluorine
2. The same step by step from the previous question, 36% of the total mass is Al and 64% is S, but this question has a little difference, now we have the mass of the compound, but the process is very similar
100% = 50.2 grams
64% = x grams
x = 32.1 grams, which can be considered as letter A
Habitat loss is a major reason for the loss of biodiversity. Habitat loss is directly related to which cause?A overharvestingB human population growthC. hunting/gathering of species
Answer
A - Overharvesting
Explanation
Overharvesting can lead to habitat loss because when we harvesting a renewable resource at a rate that is unsustainable, it can lead to loss of resources.
a 25g sample of an unknown gas has a volume of 3.9 l at 25 celsius and 2 atm pressure. it is found to be 7.7% hydrogen and 92.3% carbon. what is its molecular formula
The molecular formula of the given sample is obtained by the ideal gas equation that is PV=nRT.
here volume given is 3.9L and pressure give n is 2 atm and temperature given is 25 C, amount of the sample given is 25 g. here we put the expression of , PV= nRT .then it is found to be 7.7% hydrogen and 92.3% carbon. first we should convert the percentage in to mass. so,7.7% becomes 7.7g and 92.3% become 92.3 gram. Then transform the mass into moles. so H becomes 7.7/1.01= 7.62 mole. and C becomes, 92.3/12.01= 7.69 moles. Then put all these in the relation of empirical formula and molecular formula. Then the molecular formula of the unknown gas can be obtained.
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Write down four different ionic compounds that could form, and indicate why they are ionic based on the electronegativity differences .
Magnesium oxide, sodium chloride, lithium nitride and calcium phosphide are different four ionic compounds. High electronegativity elements will connect with any atom that is more ionic in nature.
What is ionic compound ?A chemical compound known as an ionic compound is one that contains ions bound together by the electrostatic forces known as ionic bonding. Despite having both positively and negatively charged ions, or cations and anions, the molecule is generally neutral.
When sodium and chlorine establish an ionic connection, chlorine steals one electron from sodium, resulting in the formation of the sodium cation, Na+, and the anion, Cl-. Sodium has an electronegativity of 0.93, whereas chlorine has a value of 3.16.
Thus, Ionic bonds are impacted by the atoms' electronegativity inside a molecule. Higher ionic character connections with other elements are prone to develop with more electronegative elements.
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make a claim about changes on a planet that has the same composition from core to surface
Answer: Earth's core is the very hot, very dense center of our planet.
Explanation:
I could be wrong though I am sorry if I am I am trying to help but tbh I am not good at school
The formation of the solar system has something to do with why planets have various compositions. The planets eventually developed from a disk of material that was spinning around the Sun in the early solar system.
What is solar system ?The Sun and the asteroids that orbit it make up the gravitationally bound system known as the Solar System. The Sun contains the great majority of the system's mass, with Jupiter holding the lion's share of the remaining mass.
Seismic waves, or the shock waves emitted by earthquakes at or near the surface, have been measured during the majority of core research. With variations in pressure, temperature, and rock composition, seismic body waves' velocities and frequencies are also affected.
According to a recent study, certain planets outside our solar system might be rocky like Earth, but devoid of its goopy metallic core. The lack of magnetic fields on such "coreless" terrestrial planets would make them hostile to life as we know it.
Thus, The planets eventually developed from a disk of material that was spinning around the Sun in the early solar system.
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Why do water and methane behave  so differently CER
Answer:
Water is polar and can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds due to high electronegativity of oxygen atom. Methane is non-polar and can only form weak dispersion forces between its molecules carbon has a lower electronegativity.
Explanation:
QUESTION 2
The appearance of the Moon on June 27, 2012 is shown. Which of the following best shows the predicted appearance of the Moon
on July 4, 2012?
Predicted appearance of the Moon on July 4, 2012 is close to a full moon
The moon phase for july 4th 2012 is a wanning gibbous phase and this is the first phase after the full moon where the illumination of the moon decreases each day until it reaches 50% means the last quarter phase on this day the moon is 14.05 days old and 99.98% illuminated with a tilt of 187.208° and the approximate distance from earth to moon is 265.226.10 km and moon sign is Capricorn
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Reaction C3H8(g) +502(g) --> 3CO2(g) + 4H₂O(g)
A scientist completes the reaction above and ends
up with 186.68g of carbon dioxide. What mass of
propane (C3H8) would need to be reacted to end
up with that much carbon dioxide? (Round any
atomic masses on the periodic table to one
decimal place.)
Answer
Procedure
Considering the following chemical equation, which is already balanced
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
We assume there is enough oxygen to react with all propane and thus, propane is the limiting reactant
Therefore we use the equation to determine the amount of propane
[tex]undefined[/tex]189.68g CO₂ /
doAnswer:
Explanation:
i don¨t lf it rigtht but i thnk it C3h8 an a thank u
will mark brainliest pls answer tyty
Answer:
it's D for sure
Explanation:
don't forget to follow rate like
PLEASE ANSWER SCIENCE
The most logical conclusion is A new crust is being formed in the middle of the Atlantic ocean.
Atlantic ocean crust is the oldest ocean crust in the middle of the Atlantic Ridge .The formation of crust in the Mid - ridge increases the Atlantic ocean
Thus, if a ship takes a set of rock samples from the floor of the Atlantic ocean. The sample show that rocks in the crust near the middle of the ocean are young , while rocks near the east and west sides of the ocean are older. A new crust is being formed in the middle of the Atlantic ocean.
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How many moles of calcium chloride are needed to produce 0.78 moles of calcium nitrate?
0.0026 mol of calcium chloride are needed to produce 0.78 moles of calcium nitrate.
Molar mass is described as the mass in grams of 1 mole of a substance. The devices of molar mass are grams in line with mole, abbreviated as g/mol.
The mass of an isotope of any given element The quantity of moles of a substance equals the ratio of its given mass in a chemical response to the mass of 1 mole of that substance. One mole of any substance equals Avogadro's quantity, that is, 6.023 × 1023. It is likewise used to explicit attention devices which include mole in line with litre or molecular weight.
1 mol CaCl2 produces 2 mol CaCl2
Molar mass CaCl2 110.98 + 35.45 = 146.43 g/mol
Mol Ca(NO3)2in 0.78 g = 0.78 g / 146.43 g/mol = 0.0053 mol
This will require 0.0053/2 = 0.0026 mol
Answer to your question: 0.0026 mol
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What type of ion will sodium, Na, form?
Answer:alkali metal cation
Explanation:
imagine that you are looking at a neon sign in a store window. the neon sign is just like the neon gas tube that you saw here in lab. what type of spectrum comes from this neon sign? continuous spectrum bright line spectrum absorption spectrum dark line spectrum
When the electrons of neon sign tube involve in transition from the excited state back to the ground state, photons are released. They will therefore generate an emission spectrum.
Neon gas is placed into a neon sign tube, which is then put on a high voltage to excite the electrons. The glow is brought on by the release of energy in the form of packets or just photons when these electrons return to their ground state.
There is a certain atom arrangement in neon gas. Or, to put it another way, there are atoms that will stop a continuous spectrum in its tracks. So in this instance, a line spectrum is inevitable.
High voltage causes these electrons in the neon gas to become excited. Atoms don't take in energy. So no absorption will be there.
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How is benzene produced/created? (would appreciate images too if possible)
Benzene can be produced by the use of three molecules of etheyne as shown.
What is benzene?The term benzene is a compound that is aromatic in nature. When we say that the compound is aromatic we mean that the compound is also satisfies the Huckel rule and there are [4n + 1] number of pi electrons in the molecule.
We can make a mole of benzene when we heat three moles of ethyne to a very high temperature. We have to recall that benzene is made up of three double bonds that are resonating and that the compound is quite stable. It does not undergo an addition reaction but it does undergo a substitution reaction.
The way that we can be able to produce benzene by the use of three molecules of ethyne have been shown in the image attached to this answer.
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Think of the four seasons in nature. describe one physical change that happens in nature when seasons change. how do you know it is a physical change and not a chemical change?
Answer: Winter
Explanation:
When winter comes along everything freezes- rivers,lakes there is snow on the mountain top. That is a physical change; because the chemical makeup the water in those lakes in rivers is still the same.
Use this chemical equation to answer the question.
_Fe +_0₂ → _Fe₂0,
What coefficients of Fe, O₂ and Fe,₂0, will show that matter is conserved in this chemical reaction?
A. 4, 1,2
B
4, 3, 2
C 2,1,2
D.2,3,2
The coefficients A)4,1,2 will show that matter is conserved in this chemical reaction
It is given that the equation is,
_Fe +_0₂ → _Fe₂0,
To balance the equation, the atoms in the reactants should be equal to the atoms in the products. Here, the number of atoms of Iron and Oxygen is to be found out and the same applies to the product side which already has 2 atoms of iron and one atom of oxygen
If we add 4 atoms and one atom of oxygen then the product side could be balanced by adding 2atoms of Fe₂0.
This would create a balanced equation on both sides. Thus, the balanced equation would be
4Fe +0₂ → 2Fe₂0,
This gives 4 atoms of Iron and 2 atoms of Oxygen on both sides thus making the equation balanced. Thus, the correct option is a)4,1,2
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the solvent front moves 8.0 cm and a component in a sample being analyzed moves 3.2 cm from the baseline, what is the rf value?
0.4 is(rf value) the when the solvent moves 8.0 cm and a component in a sample being analyzed moves 3.2 cm from the baseline.
What is solvent?Solvent is that part of a solution which completely dissolves the solute to form the solution.
What is (rf value) ?(rf value) is the ratio of the distance travelled by the solute and the solvent from the baseline.
Given:
solvent displacement=8.0 cm
component displacement =3.2cm
now to find the follow the steps
(rf value) =Component moves/Solvent moves
(rf value)=3.2/8.0=0.4
(rf value)=0.4
Hence, 0.4(rf value) is the when the solvent moves 8.0 cm and a component in a sample being analyzed moves 3.2 cm from the baseline.
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Create a model using images that would show what would happen to the igneous rock when it is exposed to different energy sources.
igneous is moved to Earth's surface and exposed to energy from the sun, it could weather into smaller rock pieces that could form sedimentary rock
Scientist discovered a species that doesn’t have any organelles. what organism could it be?
A. Grass
B. Yeast
C. Slime mold
D. Bacteria
Scientist discovered a species that doesn’t have any organelles. organism could it be Bacteria.
Organelles are the tiny organs of the cell. organelles have one or more than one jobs to perform. The most important cell organelles is nuclei. Bacteria is single cell organism having cellular DNA and no organelles. Bacteria belongs to prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller than the eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cell do not have nucleus and do not have organelles. You can find bacteria in almost everywhere in earth. some bacteria can survive in extreme temperature and pressure.
Thus, Scientist discovered a species that doesn’t have any organelles. organism could it be Bacteria.
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a buffer is a solution containing a weak [ select ] and its [ select ] or a weak [ select ] and its [ select ] . a buffer solution [ select ] the point at which a buffer can no longer resist changes in ph in the presence of acid or base is called the [ select ] . what is a valid way to make an ammonia/ammonium buffer for use in the laboratory? mix equal volumes of [ select ] .
A buffer solution containing a weak Acid and its conjugate base or a weak bas e and its conjugate acid. A buffer solution at the titration, the point at which a buffer can no longer resist changes in pH in the presence of acid or base is called the equivalence point .
Methyl orange is used as the indication while titrating a strong acid and a weak base. this an indicator used to shoe the equivalent point of the titration. For the titration between strong acid and weak base equivalent point occurs at pH 6.This is acidic in nature. Methyl orange shows red in color pH under 4.4. It turns red in an acidic environment and turns yellow in basic environment. The way to make an ammonia or ammonium buffer for use in the laboratory is made by treating helianthin with sodium hydroxide.
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Heyy can you help me fill in the blanks? Thank youuuu
To vaporize water, which means turning liquid water into water vapor a the atomic bonds between water molecules must be broken. This requires a lot of heat of vaporization which is great for life on Earth, as it means most water is found as a vapor.
Water's energy of latent heat of vaporization is used when we sweat
Our body's heat is used to convert into the sweat from our body which cools us down. As it takes a lot of heat energy. it means we can sweat without losing too much water. Phew!
Water vapor is another form of water
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In the reaction H₂ + I₂ --> 2HI, what is the oxidation number of the hydrogen in the HI reactant? (2 pts)
*
2 points
-1
0
1
2
The oxidation number of hydrogen in HI will be 1.
The integer allocated to each element in a chemical combination would be the simplest definition of the oxidation number. The variety of electrons that atoms in such a molecule could share, lose or gain during forming chemical connections involving other atoms of such a specific item would be referred as the oxidation number.
HI = 0...(i)
The oxidation number of iodine is -1
Put the value of oxidation number of iodine in equation (i),
HI = 0
H × (-1) =0
H = 1
Therefore, the oxidation number of hydrogen in HI will be 1.
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Could someone please help me w these questions on atoms and bonding?
1. It takes a lot of energy to break all of the bonds because the ions in this big structure are tightly bound. It has a high melting point because of this.
2. Its ions are unrestricted in the molten state. Therefore, electricity can flow through molten magnesium oxide.
Why is molten magnesium required for electrolysis?In order for electrolysis to take place, ionic compounds must be molten or in solution. The reason for this is that the ions—the charged particles that make them up—need to be able to freely move to the electrodes.
Why is magnesium oxide utilized as interior lining?Some furnace linings are made from magnesium oxide. It is known as a refractory material, which simply means that it has a high thermal conductivity.
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Liquid octane (CH₂(CH₂) CH3) reacts with gaseous oxygen gas (0₂) to produce gaseous carbon dioxide (CO₂) and gaseouswater (H₂O). If 87.6 g of carbon dioxide is produced from the reaction of 54.82 g of octane and 117.1 g of oxygen gas, calculatethe percent yield of carbon dioxide.Round your answer to 3 significant figures.
1) Balance the chemical equation.
[tex]2CH_3(CH_2)_6CH_3+25O_2\rightarrow16CO_2+18H_2O[/tex]2) Convert grams to moles
2.1-Grams of octane to moles of octane (CH3(CH2)6CH3)
The molar mass of octane is 114.2285 g/mol
[tex]mol\text{ }CH_3(CH_2)_6CH_3=54.82\text{ }g\text{ }octane\ast\frac{1\text{ }mol\text{ }octane}{114.2285\text{ }g\text{ }octane}=0.4799\text{ }mol\text{ }octane[/tex]2.2-Grams of O2 to moles of O2
The molar mass of O2 is 31.9988 g/mol.
[tex]mol\text{ }O_2=117.1\text{ }g\text{ }O_2\ast\frac{1\text{ }mol\text{ }O_2}{31.9988\text{ }g\text{ }O_2}=3.6595\text{ }mol\text{ }O_2[/tex]2.3-Grams of CO2 to moles of CO2.
The molar mass of CO2 is 44.0095 g/mol.
[tex]mol\text{ }CO_2=87.6\text{ }g\text{ }CO_2\ast\frac{1\text{ }mol\text{ }CO_2}{44.0095\text{ }g\text{ }CO_2}=1.9905\text{ }mol\text{ }CO_2[/tex]3) Which is the limiting reactant?
3.1-How many moles of octane do we need to use all of the O2?
The molar ratio between octane and O2 is 2 mol octane: 25 mol O2.
[tex]mol\text{ }octane=3.6595\text{ }mol\text{ }O_2\ast\frac{2\text{ }mol\text{ }octane}{25\text{ }mol\text{ }O_2}=0.29276\text{ }mol\text{ }octane[/tex]We need 0.29276 mol octane and we have 0.4799 mol octane. We have enough octane. This is the excess reactant
3.2-How many moles of O2 do we need to use all of the octane?
The molar ratio between octane and O2 is 2 mol octane: 25 mol O2.
[tex]mol\text{ }O_2=\text{ }0.4799\text{ }mol\text{ }octane\ast\frac{25\text{ }mol\text{ }O_2}{2\text{ }mol\text{ }octane}=5.99875\text{ }mol\text{ }O_2[/tex]We need 5.99875 mol O2 and we have 3.6595 mol O2. We don't have enough O2. This is the limiting reactant.
4) Moles of CO2 produced from the limiting reactant.
The molar ratio between O2 and CO2 is 25 mol O2: 16 mol CO2.
[tex]mol\text{ }CO_2=3.6595\text{ }mol\text{ }O_2\ast\frac{16\text{ }mol\text{ }CO_2}{25\text{ }mol\text{ }O_2}=2.34208\text{ }mol\text{ }CO_2[/tex]5) Percent yield of CO2
Actual yield: 1.9905 mol CO2
Theoretical yield: 2.34208 mol CO2
[tex]\%yield=\frac{actual\text{ }yield}{theoretical\text{ }yield}\ast100[/tex][tex]\%yield=\frac{1.9905\text{ }mol\text{ }CO_2}{2.34208\text{ }mol\text{ }CO_2}\ast100[/tex][tex]\%yield=84.9885\%[/tex]The percent yield of carbon dioxide is 85.0%.
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if you have 50.0 ml of a 6.00 m hcl(aq) solution, how much additional solvent, in ml, must you add to obtain a 1.00 m hcl(aq) solution?
The approximate amount of heat produced by the reaction is 2884 J
We'll begin by calculating the mass of the solution.
Volume of HCl = 50 mL
Volume of NaOH = 50 mL
Total volume = 50 + 50 = 100 mL
Density of solution = 1 g/mL
Mass of solution =?
Mass = Density × Volume
Mass = 1 × 100
Mass of solution = 100 g
Next, we shall determine the change in the temperature.
Initial temperature (T₁) = 22 °C
Final temperature (T₂) = 28.9 °C
Change in temperature (ΔT) = ?
ΔT = T₂ – T₁
ΔT = 28.9 – 22
ΔT = 6.9 °C
Finally, we shall determine the heat produced by the reaction. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass of solution = 100 g
Change in temperature (ΔT) = 6.9 °C
Specific heat capacity (C) = 4.18 J/g°C
Heat (Q) = ?
Q = MCΔT
Q = 100 × 4.18 × 6.9
Q ≈ 2884 J
Thus, the approximate amount of heat produced by the reaction is 2884 J
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Why is this image an isotope of
Lithium
The image is an isotope of Lithium because the number of neutrons differs between the two atoms and the protons remains the same.
Isotopes are members of an element family that have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons. Carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14, for example, are three isotopes of the element carbon with mass numbers 12, 13, and 14, respectively.
In the image, both the atoms are of Lithium and in both the cases, the number of neutrons differs whereas the number of protons and electrons are the same. Lithium has two stable isotopes, Li-6 and Li-7, with the latter accounting for 92.5% of the element. Nuclear and biomedical scientists are also interested in lithium isotopes. The use of Li as a shielding material in nuclear reactors is one nuclear application.
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2. In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the products.
A:must always be the same as the total mass of the reactants
B:is always less than the total mass of the reactants in an open system
C:must be less than the total mass of the reactants
please help now 20 brainly points!!!
[tex]H. .:C^ :_:[/tex] is the lewis structure of HCl
Dots are used to indicate the locations of electrons surrounding the atoms in a molecule's Lewis structure, while lines or pairs of dots stand in for covalent bonds between atoms. The goal of creating a Lewis dot structure is to locate lone electron pairs in molecules in order to better understand how chemical bonds are formed. Both molecules with covalent bonds and coordination compounds can have Lewis structures. Covalent bonds share electrons, which is the cause. It's more like one atom gives an electron to the other atom in an ionic connection.
Lewis structures bear his name because it was he who first proposed the concept in the 1916 paper "The Atom and the Molecule."
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what is the hydronium ion concentration in a solution of hcl that has a ph of 4.65? round to the nearest hundredth.
2.2387×10⁻⁵ M is the concentration of hydronium ion in a solution of HCL that has a ph of 4.65.
What is a hydronium ion?The term "hydronium" refers to the sort of oxonium ion created by protonating water, the aqueous cation H3O+. When an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water, it is frequently thought of as the positive ion present since the surrounding water molecules get a proton from the Arrhenius acid molecules.
Hence, 2.2387×10⁻⁵ M is the concentration of hydronium ion in a solution of HCL that has a ph of 4.65.
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a solution is made by titrating 9.00 mmol (millimoles) of ha and 1.00 mmol of the strong base. what is the resulting ph?
The resulting pH for the given solution is 6.3.
A titration is defined as 'the manner of figuring out the quantity of a substance A with the aid of including measured increments of substance B, the titrant, with which it reacts until precise chemical equivalence is performed (the equivalence factor).
calculation:-
Using Henderson–Hasselbalch equation
pK = pKa + log₁₀(A⁻/AH)
4.35 = pKa + log (1/9)
pKa = 5.3
Now at the equivalence point
pH = 5.3 + log (9/1)
pH = 6.25 or 6.3
Titration is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis to determine the awareness of an identified analyte. A reagent, termed the titrant or titrator, is prepared as a popular answer of known attention and extent.
Titration which is also referred to as titrimetry is a chemical qualitative evaluation technique this is used to calculate the concentration of a given analyte in an aggregate. Titration is an essential method within the discipline of analytical chemistry and is occasionally called volumetric analysis also.
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