the answer is dystrophin
as dystrophin is protein found in cytoplasma
Explanation: In individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), there is a mutation in the gene that codes for the protein dystrophin. Dystrophin is an essential protein involved in maintaining the structural integrity of muscle fibers. The mutation in the DMD gene results in the absence or severely reduced production of functional dystrophin protein.
As a result, without the production of dystrophin, the muscles in individuals with DMD gradually weaken and degenerate over time. This leads to progressive muscle weakness, difficulty in movement, and other associated symptoms of the disorder.
Though DNA is responsible for the instructions for the assembly process, it is __?__ that synthesizes (assembles) the process.
Though DNA is responsible for the instructions for the assembly process, it is RNA that synthesizes (assemles) the proteins.
These are the steps that occur during transcription. They are not in the correct order. Write numbers in the blanks indicating the order in which these steps occur.
RNA polymerase reaches the termination signal.
The enzyme, RNA polymerase, binds to a site on the DNA molecule called the promoter.
Complimentary RNA nucleotides are added along the DNA template strand.
The RNA strand is released and travels to the cytoplasm.
RNA polymerase separates the DNA strands.
Explanation:
Step 1: Initiation
Initiation is the beginning of transcription. It occurs when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. This signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the DNA strands. The enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mRNA with a complementary sequence of bases.
Step 2: Elongation
Elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mRNA strand. RNA polymerase reads the unwound DNA strand and builds the mRNA molecule, using complementary base pairs. During this process, an adenine (A) in the DNA binds to an uracil (U) in the RNA.
Step 3: Termination
Termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when RNA polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. The mRNA strand is complete, and it detaches from DNA.
A scientist is studying the inheritance of two characteristics in plants: red flowers (RR and Rr) , which are dominant to yellow flowers (rr) , and green leaves (GG and Gg) , which are dominant to yellow leaves (gg).She crosses a double heterozygous (RrGg) with a double recessive (rrgg), and expect to see a 1:1:1:1 ratio in the offspring.Instead, she sees these results: Which phenomenon would she hypothesize accounts for the pattern she sees?crossing-overindependent assortmentcytokinesisrespiration
It wouldn't be respiration, because it has no direct relation to procreation. It wouldn't be independent assortment also, because this is the phenomenon that would explain the expected result. It also wouldn't be cytokinesis because this phenomenon is related to cell division, in which the combinations are already set. So, it is crossing-over, because this phenomenon occurs when ther is a switch between homologous chromatids occured during meiosis, which means that the chromosomes are so close to each other that they can trade parts of itselfs with other chromosomes, unexpectedly providing a different outcome than the one that was expected. So, the answer is crossing-over.
HELP ME ASAP!!!PLEASE
During electrophoresis, protons_______?
A. move in the same direction as DNA
B. do not move at all
C. move in the opposite direction of DNA
D. Move randomly
Answer: During electrophoresis, protons (H+) do not move at all.
Electrophoresis is a technique used to separate charged molecules, such as DNA, based on their size and charge. It involves applying an electric field to a gel or other supporting medium. The charged molecules, in this case, DNA fragments, migrate through the gel in response to the electric field.
However, protons (H+) are not directly involved in the electrophoresis process. The movement of DNA fragments is driven by the applied electric field, and the protons do not move independently in the gel during electrophoresis.
A net force of 10 N accelerates a box at 5 m/s2^? What is the mass of the box?
The mass of the box is 2 kg.
According to Newton's second law, the force acting on a body is the product of its mass of the body and acceleration produced due to the force. i.e.,
[tex]F=ma[/tex],
where, [tex]F[/tex] is the force acting on the body, [tex]m[/tex] is the mass of the body and [tex]a[/tex] is the acceleration.
Now, as per the question:
Force, [tex]F=10 N[/tex]
Acceleration, [tex]a=5m/s^{2}[/tex]
Thus, the mass of box ,
[tex]m=\frac{F}{a}[/tex]
[tex]m=\frac{10}{5}[/tex]
[tex]= 2 kg[/tex]
Therefore, the mass of box is [tex]2 kg.[/tex]
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lWhich of the following are renewable resources?I. WindII. SolarIII. TidalIV. BiomassA. I, II, III, IVB. I, II, and IIIC. II and IIID. I, II, and IV
The renewable resources, that do not run out, but are continually renewed by nature, are:
I. Wind
II. Solar
III. Tidal
But not biomass.
8. What will happen if a base sequence of a strand of DNA is changed from A-T-G to A-T-C?The mRNA will be changed from U-A-C to T-A-C.The mRNA will be changed from T-U-C to T-U-G.The mRNA will be changed from C-A-U to C-A-C.The mRNA will be changed from U-A-C to U-A-G.
If a base sequence of a strand of DNA is changed from A-T-G to A-T-C, the mRNA will be changed from U-A-C to U-A-G.
Why do we use onion root tips and whitefish embryos to view mitosis?
Cells divide for three reasosn: growth, reproduction and repair.
Onion root tips and whitefish embryos presents cells that's always undergoing mitosis.
Onion root tips are always growing to get more water and nutrients from the soil, therefore mitosis is always occuring to duplicate the cells and maintain a growing rate.
Whitefish embryos have cells that are undergoing mitosis rapidly, as it is a phase of intense growing and formation of the embryos to become fish.
Question 18 of 30
Which of the following provides the best summary of the process of natural
selection?
A. Individuals always change in response to their environment.
B. Genes are passed from parent to offspring.
C. Individuals that are well adapted to their environment survive.
D. Mutations always increase an individual's fitness.
SUBMIT
Answer:
I'm pretty sure the answer is c, since if they don't adapt they will die off.
What is the meaning of the term plankton? Name two types of plankton
EXPLANATION/ANSWER:
The term "plankton" comes from the Greek word "planktos" which means wandering. Planktons are microscopic organisms that are floating and being carried by tides and currents. There are two types of planktons: phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplanktons are aquatic microorganisms that have chlorophyll and can make food from sunlight. Zooplanktons are aquatic microorganisms that consume phytoplanktons or other zooplanktons.
a predator species has been introduced to the population above that is not native. the new predator enjoys eating rabbits just as the lynx do, and the lynx population starts to decline rapidly. how would you describe the relationship between the new predator and the lynx?
The relationship between the these predators is called competition, since they use
Explain why giraffes have long necks.In your explanation include the role of the environment, selective pressure, 3 ingredients to Natural Selection, The effect on the population, and allele frequency
Giraffes are believed to have short necks but there was a chance in neck length variations. Some giraffes have a little longer compared to the average length. The main source of nutrition for giraffes is tree leaves. Maybe there was an environmental change that occurred that there was a limited source of leaves and as a result, there were more giraffes than trees; therefore, there is a struggle for existence.
In this event, variation, fitness differences, and inheritance (3 ingredients of natural selection) must occur for the species to survive. Longer necked giraffes are more likely to reach the leaves of the trees and have a higher chance of survival and reproduction; thus, they have greater fitness. This trait (long necks) was passed on to the offspring and eventually, all giraffes have long necks.
The allele frequency of the population of giraffes eventually changes to favor the trait that will give the species a higher chance of survival in their environment.
complete the diagram of a section of a cell membrane. Then, on the line below the diagram, write the name of the model that describes the cell membrane's structure
The cell membrane structure is very important because everything alive has cell membranes. The model used to describe the cell membrane is called the fluid mosaic model.
What is fluid mosaic model?
Fluid Mosaic Model has been known as the fluid mosaic model, which has been proposed by S.J. Singer and Garth L. Nicolson in 1972,explains the structure and composition of the cell membrane.
The plasma membrane has the combination of phospoholipids, cholesterol, proteins and carbohydrates.The model shows that the plasma membrane has a lipid bilayer made of phospholipids.
Therefore, The cell membrane structure is very important because everything alive has cell membranes. The model used to describe the cell membrane is called the fluid mosaic model.
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Which of the following is NOT a consequence of using fossil fuels?A. Copper sulfate is released, contributing to destruction of the Ozone layer.B. Carbon dioxide is released, contributing to global warming.C. Sulfur dioxide is released, contribing to acid rain.D. Ash is released, contributing to solid waste in landfills.
Biology > Ecology > Air pollution
Burning fossil fuels such as gasoline or oil generates numerous pollutants, such as ashes, sulfur and carbon dioxides, which contaminate the environment, affect air quality and contribute to global warming.
One of the compounds not generated during this process is copper sulfates. Therefore, the answer is A.
Which of the following choices is a form of asexual reproduction?OOOOfragmentation and regenerationoviparous eggsovoviviparous developmentviviparous development
Fragmentation and regeneration are forms of asexual reproduction.
There are no sexual cells involved, and they divide by mitosis, giving genetically identical individuals.
_________ are groups of organisms with the same genetic code that breed and produce offspring that can breed. AdaptationSpeciesSelectionCommunity
The correct option is species. Species are individuals linked by their reproductive characteristics and often by their evolutionary mechanisms and history.
If a couple has a 50% chance of producing an XX chromosome offspring withred-green colour deficiency, what is the genotype of the couple? For thecouple in Q5 (above) what is the percentage chance that their offspring willbe XY with normal colour vision? *note* Please enter numbers only - up to amaximum of 3 digits (0-100)
If the parents have XXrgrg and XYrg genotype, they have a 50% chance of producing an individual XX with red-colour deficiency.
Therefore, their offspring has 0% chance of being XY with normal colour vision.
In what situation would the allelefrequency of a population NOT change?A. when individuals move into or out of an environmentB. when there is no evolutionC. when mutations create new allelesD. when individuals choose their mates
Answer
B. when there is no evolution
Explanation
What kingdoms of life can have either sexual or asexual reproduction?Plantae, archaea, fungiAnimalia, plantae, and fungiPlantae, protista, and fungiEubacteria, protista, and fungi
We have to consider that sexual and asexual reproduction differs in that the first one requires both organisms, one male and one female, to produce genetically different offspring, while the second one requires only one organism to produce genetically identical offspring.
About the kind of organisms mentioned in the answer options, we can say Protista includes Fungi, so the answer options that include both of them can be excluded, mainly due to choosing one of those options would exclude other organisms that can be in fact sexual or asexual.
Having this clear, we can say that organisms such as those belonging to the Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia kingdoms can reproduce in these two ways (unlike Archaea, and Eubacteria).
In the pictures below we can see examples of organisms of these species that can reproduce both asexually and sexually. In them, we can see ants (which can produce eggs with only the genetic load of one parental organism), plants (which can reproduce through branches, but also through seeds), and fungi (which can reproduce also mitotically and meiotically), as in the second answer option.
What type of genetic interaction is seen between the three alleles in the ABO blood type system?A. Incomplete dominance onlyB. Codominance (A&B) and incomplete dominance (A&B compared to O)C. Complete dominance (A&B) and codominance (A&B compared to O)D. Codominance (A&B) and complete dominance (A&B compared to O)E. Codominance only
Incomplete dominance is a type of interaction in which both genes are expressed but in a mixed form, frequently creating a third phenotype. For example, when having a flower with a gene for red petals and another gene for white petals, the petals could be pink. When talking about the blood type system, there's no third phenotype expressed. Sometimes you'll find a combination of the two different types present in the genes, but never a third one. Therefore, A and B are incorrect, because they include incomplete dominance.
Codominance occurs when the two types that are present in the genes are expressed equally. This is the case when we talk about the A&B blood types. When a person has both A and B genotype for the blood type system, both of them will be expressed, and the blood type will be AB. So none of them will be dominant over the other. So, C is incorrect, as it states that between A&B you'll find a complete dominance relationship, but it is a codominance interaction.
At last, a complete dominance occurs when one of the genes is expressed above the other. This happens when you have one gene for A OR B type, and one gene for O type. In this case, the O gene will be suppressed because it is a recessive gene, and the other one will be expressed (being A or B). Therefore, E is incorrect too because there's not only codominance, there's also complete dominance.
We can say, than, that the correct answer is the one that presents a codominance interaction between A&B and a complete dominance interaction between A&B compared to O.
Therefore, the correct answer is D. Codominance (A&B) and complete dominance (A&B compared to O)
How does dehydrating or drying food help preserve it?A. It decreases the smell so other animals won't come steal itB. Removing the water hinders the ability for chemical reactions, which keeps microbes from growingC. The food becomes smaller and more easily stored.D. This increases the good bacteria to hinder the growth of bad bacteria
Water is needed for all life forms, including microorganisms, removing the water from food to preserve it means the microorganisms cannot perform the chemical reactions needed to consume the food, so the food is preserved for a longer time (option B is the right answer).
Mammals that feed on ants and termites evolved independently five times. Although each species is unique, each has evolved powerful front claws, a long hairless snout, and a tongue covered with sticky saliva. These adaptations are useful for hunting and eating insects. This is an example ofA) Puntuacted equilibriumB) GradualismC) Convergent evolutionD) Adaptive radiation
Mammals that feed on ants and termites have similar characteristics because they allow for a greater rate of success in getting this kind of food.
Even when they are not closely related, they share these characteristics because they share the same ecological conditions.
This is an example of convergent evolution, where similar characteristics evolve in distantly related organisms. (C is the right answer)
Which of the following is not a factor described by climate and weather?
Group of answer choices
wind
precipitation
temperature
biodiversity
Name some structures that come from the brain region of the telencephalon
The telencephalon is formed by four major structures: cerebral cortex (the hemispheres parts of the brain), limbic forebrain (brain part where you can find amigdala), basal ganglia, and the olfactory system. There are also the subcortical structures that includes the hippocampus (part og hippocampal formation in the brain), and amygdala (brain center to regulate memory and others associated functions). The telencephalon is the farthest end of the neural tube, being during the developtment of the organism divided into two structures that will form the cerebral hemispheres. The cerebral cortex is also divided into prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, occipital cortex, and so on.
Question: What is the mRNA sequence of the Albino Cat? What mutation gave the albino appearance?
DNA SEQUENCE OF NORMAL CAT: CCC TCC TCT GCT
DNA SEQUENCE OF ALBINO CAT: CCT CCT CTG CTG
To change DNA sequence to mRNA sequence, remember uracil replaces thymine in mRNA. A=U; G=C
mRNA SEQUENCE OF NORMAL CAT: GGG AGG AGA CGA
mRNA SEQUENCE OF ALBINO CAT: GGA GGA GAC GAC
The mutation changed the structure of the genes, which changed the structure of the proteins. This changed the function of the genes, which caused the cat to have albino traits.
The researcher collects and crosses male and female flies from the F1 generation. In the resulting offspring (F2 generation), there are both stubble and ebony flies.How do I Draw a Punnett square to illustrate the F1 cross for the stubbly phenotype showing the individual gametes of each parent, and the combination in the resulting offspring.
Recessive allele: Ebony and stubble bristles.
We take it as
ssee- the small letter will show that it is recessive.
When a population is growing as fast as possible, it has reached its ___________.A. Carrying CapacityB. Competitive ExclusionC. Allele FrequencyD. Biotic Potential
General category: Biology.
Sub-category: Ecology
Topic: Population growth
Introduction:
The Biotic potential is described by the unrestricted growth of populations. This event causes the maximum growth of that population.
Explanation:By definition, when a population reaches the biotic potential, then the species has its highest birthrate or a high number of births or accelerated population growth and lowest mortality rate.
we can conclude that the correct answer is:
Answer:D. Biotic Potential
The theory of evolution states that early life on Earth was simplistic at first but changed over time tobecome increasingly more complex. With this theory in mind, which cells were most likely the first cellsEarth?a. eukaryotic cellsb. prokaryotic cellsc. virusesd. all of the above
The first types of cells that appeared on Earth were the most simple cells that we know, these are prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have most likely evolved from prokaryotic cells later. Viruses are not cell types, so they can not considered a posible answer to this question.
Answer: b.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by an autosomal recessive allele (n). The allele for the normal condition is dominant (N). Two parents appear normal, but the mate has a brother withcystic fibrosis. Which of the following tools will BEST help this family predid their chances of carrying and passing this disease to their offspring?a test Crossa pedigreeO hydrolysisOPunnet SquareBackNexdAll PreviousType here to searchti
The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment. It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who devised the approach in 1905. The diagram is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype.
Answer: Punnet Square
Describe the process of Ozone Depletion. How does it happen, and why?Diagram below to help!
Ozone depletion occurs as a consequence of electron competition among Chloride and Oxygen. Both elements have strong affinity to electrons (that is, high electronegativy). Therefore, both atoms are capable of sequestring electrons from other molecules. The process of Ozone depletion depicts a loop, with potential exponential scalation (that is, capable of abrupt increasing, as long as there are enough CFC). As long as one Chloride atom is among Ozone, "it will pursuit" electrons which are rich in Ozone. The Ozone splits in a stable form molecular Oxygen, and an unstable one, the single Oxygen (that is, a radical). This radical, is as "electron thirsty" as the Chloride, so it goes after the Oxygen, Chloride sequestrate before. Imagine this with several thousands of atoms of Chloride in th atmosphere.