Algae, a type of aquatic plant, was the first plant to emerge on Earth. Moss next followed, then terrestrial ferns, then blooming and non-flowering plants. Therefore, bryophytes, ferns, angiosperms, gymnosperms is the right response.
What is origin of modern groups of plants?
Land plants and embryophytes are descended monophyletically from a watery ancestor that, if it were still alive, would be grouped with cyanophycean green algae.
Bryophytes - Any nonvascular seedless plant, such as mosses and liverworts, is referred to as a bryophyte. Although most bryophytes lack complex tissue organization, they exhibit a wide range of ecological and morphological diversity.
Ferns-Any of the many seedless vascular plants that reproduce through spores and typically have feathery fronds with many leaflets can be classified as a member of the phylum Pterophyta.
Angiosperms- Angiosperms are plants that flower and produce fruits that contain their seeds. With about 300,000 species, they are the most numerous and diverse group within the kingdom Plantae.
Gymnosperms -Conifers, cycads, gnetophytes, are examples of gymnosperms, which are plants that produce seeds. They have bare seeds and don't produce flowers or fruits.
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Please assist with following question Why is it not possible for Fungi to photosynthesize? What reproduction method occurs in Fungi?
A. They do not have chlorophyll, they are not plants and they cannot carry out photosynthesis. They obtain their food and energy from the decomposition of organic matter.
B. Sexual and asexual reproduction.
Sort the descriptions or examples into inherited or somatic mutations
The descriptions of somatic mutations are: exists in all cells of the body, skin cancer caused by UV exposure, not passed on to offspring.
The descriptions of inherited mutations are: transferred via egg and sperm cells, found only in a specific cell type.
Somatic mutations are the changes in the DNA that occur in all the cells apart from the germ cells. The change can be due to influence of environmental factors or due to exposure to some chemicals. The examples of somatic mutations are skin cancer, lung cancer, etc.
Inherited mutations are the change in the DNA of germ cells that are further passed on to the offspring. The examples are: cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, sickle cell disease, etc.
The question is incomplete, the complete question is:
Sort the descriptions or examples into inherited or somatic mutations.
exists in all cells of the body, skin cancer caused by UV exposurenot passed on to offspringtransferred via egg and sperm cells,found only in a specific cell type.To know more about inherited mutations, here
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How can you tell which organisms would have a specific trait on a cladogram?
In many cases, organisms' traits help to establish ancestry relationships and allow to elucidate evolutive history, now in cladograms when organisms share ancestry it implies that that group of species share a specific set of traits. In other words those organisms that belong to the same branch will share a set of traits.
what are mutations in bacteria
Mutation is an alteration in the sequence of DNA of an organisms. Bacteria undergoes mutation when it is under stress. It gives rise to DNA variants that makes the possibility of its survival and reproduction. Mutation can weaken the bacteria. This mutation in bacteria can happen before it undergoes division. It is a permanent modification in the DNA's sequence of nitrogenous bases. It can be a result of an error in the replication of DNA or by certain mutagens.
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Why is Mary Salter Ainsworth a central figure in psychology?
Answer:
She developed an attachment relationship between the child and his/her mother figure.
Explanation:
9. The hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer is largely responsible for controlling the movement ofa. small non-polar molecules.b. sodium ions.c. carbon dioxide.d. oxygen.e. water.
The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer with a hydrophilic exterior and a hydrophobic interior is a fluid membrane that allows the movement of different molecules, along the membrane but also through it.
Some molecules that can pass through the membrane are small hydrophobic molecules, such as small non-polar molecules (A); in contrast, ions and polar molecules can't cross the membrane.
From the list provided, select all the functions of the circulatory system. (Check all that apply.)Delivery of oxgen to all cells of the bodyExcretion of urine from the bodyGenerating new red blood cellsDelivery of nutrients to all cells of the bodyRemoval of waste from the blood
The functions of the circulatory system are:
1. Delivery of oxygen to all cells of the body
2. Generating new red blood cells
3. Delivery of nutrients to all cells of the body
Excretion of urine from the body- Urinary system
Removal of waste from the blood- Excretory system
Using the following table match the tubes to the right patients
We have the following information about the patients:
A) Healthy 40-year-old man
B) 18-year-old girl with chronic lung infections
C) History of anemia
And for each tube, we have the values for hemoglobin and leucocytes.
Hemoglobin is found in the red blood cells and helps carry oxygen, so a person with anemia would have low levels of hemoglobin.
In this case, tube 3 has the lowest levels of hemoglobin, out of range for both males and females, so we can say it belongs to patient C.
This leaves us with tubes 1 and 2.
If we see the levels of hemoglobin, tube 1 has lower levels of hemoglobin than tube 2, which suggests that tube 1 belongs to a female and tube 2 to a male.
But we also have to take into account the leucocyte, which would be elevated in the case of an infection. If you look at this, tube 1 has elevated leucocytes.
Combined, this information tells us that tube 1 belongs to patient B and tube 2 belongs to patient A.
Most nutrient absorption happens in which structure within the digestive system?Question options:A) StomachB) Large intestineC) ChymeD) Duodenum
BIOLOGY > HUMAN BIOLOGY > DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
EXPLANATION:
In the mouth, physical digestion of the food happens by chewing of the food. In the stomach, the food is broken down by chemical digestion into smaller particles that can be easily absorbed by the body. It will pass through the small intestine first where the microvilli and villi are. Then, most of the undigested and unabsorbed food particles are passed through the large intestine. It will be getting secreted out of the body after.
ANSWER: D. Duodenum is the first section of the small intestine right after the pyloric sphincter.
Which is NOT a cause of
habitat loss?
A. building of new housing, cities, or
factories
B. remodeling an already present building this is answer
C. grazing livestock
D. draining a wetland to put on top soil and
make it farm land
Building of new housing, cities, or factories is not a cause of habitat loss.
What is habitat loss?
Destruction of habitat is the process by which a natural habitat becomes unsuitable for its native species. Former inhabitants of the site have been displaced or eliminated, resulting in a decrease in biodiversity and species abundance. Destruction of habitats is the major cause of biodiversity loss.
Six Principal Causes of Habitat Degradation:
By 2050, agriculture will transform 1,3 million square miles of habitat into cropland...The logging industry is a major threat to forest ecosystems.The extraction of oil and gas via fracking poses a significant danger to biodiversity...Trawling causes severe physical harm to marine ecosystems.Hence, the building of new housing, cities, or factories (option A) is correct.
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DNA Extraction Lab. 1. Where did the DNA you are seeing come from? (Based on the method given below).
1. The DNA in saliva comes from the cells that are shed from the inner linings of the mouth and the white blood cells.
In the science field we use the metric units, this is due to
A. Metric units are universally accepted.
B. Metric is a universal scientific language.
C. Both
A codon is a set of three nucleotides that correspond to a specific amino acid. The table below shows various DNA codons andtheir corresponding amino acidsAmino Acid DNA Codon(s)Alanine GCT, GCC, GCA, GCGArginine AGA, AGG, CGT, CGC, CGA, CGGAsparagineAAT AACAspartic Acid GAI,Cysteine TGT, TGCGlutamic Acid GAA GAGGlutamine CAA CAGGlycine GGT, GGC, GGA, GGGHistadineCAT, CÁCIsoleucine ATT, ATC, ATALeucineCTT, CTC, CTA, CTG, TTA, TTGLysineAAA AAGMethionine (Start) ATGPhenylalanineTTT, TTCProlineCCT, CCC, CCA, CCGSerineTCT, TCC, TCA, TCG, AGT, AGCThreonine ACT, ACC, ACA ACGTryptophan TGGTyrosine TAT, TACValine GTT, GTC, GTA GTG,StopTAA, TAG, TGA+Two strands of DNA are identical except for one codon. As a result, they code for slightly different proteins. Based on theinformation in the table above, which of the following statements could be true?OA. One strand contains a ACG codon instead of ACAOB. One strand contains a CCC codon instead of CCAOC. One strand contains a CAC codon instead of CTCOD.One strand contains a CGC codon instead of CGG
We have to find those codons which don't codes for the same amino acid, so we can do the following:
In your own words, give a general description of the species, *wolf spiderIn your description make sure to include the scientific name and identification, it’s trophic level, it’s role in the food chain/web, and what biomes it may reside in.
• Scientific name and identification: ,Lycosa erythrognatha,.
This spider is distributed in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay.
It can be active during the day or night and is often found in cities, especially in gardens.
The spider is at the 3rd trophic level and is a secondary consumer (the spider feeds on beetles, butterflies, and flies and does not use its web to capture, but uses it to trap its prey).
The wolf spider can be present in much of South America and so it can be found in Biomes such as Temperate Forest and Tropical Forest.
Why do you think ecologists consider biodiversity to be an important measure of ecosystem health?
Biodiversity is important for ecosystem health because it is a essential for the support all life on the planet, being the wide range of living organisms necessary for provide a functioning environment, since all the organisms and resources are important for life, like oxygen, water, food, and so on. Without plant diversity there is less oxygen, as well less organisms in the overall food chain and so on, because of that the ecologists consider it a important factor for ecosystem health.
- How could a rock be changed but still be classified as the same form of rock?
Answer:
If it rains, the rock will be wet. But it is still classified as the same type of rock.
Explanation:
I really hope this helps!
Meiosis is a life process associated with sexual reproduction which choice correctly summarizes meiosis into on statement?
Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce other new cells containing half of the original amount of genetic information (haploid daughter cells). They are know as our sex cells (eggs and sperm), and for all the organisms who have sexual reproduction. The meiosis can be divided into nine stages, these stages are:
Meiosis I
- Interphase
- Prophase I
- Metaphase I
- Anaphase I
- Telophase I and cytokinesis
Meiosis II
- Prophase II
- Metaphase II
- Anaphase II
- Telophase II and cytokinesis
The meiosis is also divided in two parts. The first part (meiosis I) is when one cell divides into two, and the second (meiosis II) these daughter cells are diveded into four granddaughter cells.
2. Explain how small coral polyps can produce huge reefs. Then explain how a living coral comp
with a dead coral, and describe what happens to a dead reef over time. (3 points)
Stony coral polyps can create massive reef structures because polyps secrete skeletons of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
Most stony corals have very small polyps, averaging 1 to 3 millimeters in diameter, when they grow large they forms colonies that can grow and weigh upto tons.
Coral polyps feed on microscopic algae called zooplankton. All the polyp then secretes an exoskeleton made out of limestone (CaCo3). These exoskeletons join together to form a coral colony which forms a coral reef. with due course of time, as the calcium carbonate builds up and corals reproduce, the size of a coral reef grows.
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Some individuals suffer from a rare genetic condition called hemophilia. This condition makes it extremely difficult for the body to stop bleeds when they occur. Which of the following blood components does a hemophiliac most likely lack?Blood plasmaErythrocytesLeukocytesThrombocytes
Solution:
People that born with hemophilia lack or have a low amount of a clotting factor.
Coagulation factors are proteins necessary for normal blood clotting.
Coagulation factors are found in blood plasma. These factors act with Thrombocytes to clot blood.
However, hemophilia is not a decrease in Thrombocytes but a decrease in coagulation factors due to genetic causes.
Diagnosis includes screening tests and clotting factor analysis. Screening tests are blood tests that show whether the blood is clotting properly. Clotting factor tests can reveal a deficiency of clotting factors in the blood plasma and determine the level of severity of hemophilia.
As the coagulation factors are in Blood plasma, we can conclude that the correct answer is:
BLOOD PLASMA
What is the function of NADPH and ATP?
a) They absorb light
b) They power the light-dependent reactions
c) They are light-reflecting pigments
d) They act as short-term energy storage
Answer: D
Explanation: They Provide energy, electrons, and hydrogen to the Calvin cycle. Hope this helps!
what is the use of gel electrophoresis buffer?
Solution:
Remember that Electrophoresis separates macromolecules by size, charge, and other properties.
Buffers in gel electrophoresis are used to generate ions and thus carry a current flow (transmit a charge through the gel) Also, let's remember that a buffer is a substance that keeps pH levels stable. Therefore, buffers in gel electrophoresis are used to maintain the pH at a relatively constant value.
A red rhododendron was crossed with a white rhododendron. Its offspring has patches of red and white. What type of inheritance does this exhibit?
The type of inheritance it exhibits is codominance because both of its parents' phenotypic characteristics are expressed in the offspring simultaneously.
What is one way inwhich mutationscan beBENEFICIAL for aspecies?A. causes geneticdisordersB. creates geneticvariationC. hinder ability to survive
Mutation can cause beneficial, harmful, or neutral effects. It is a beneficial effect when it causes genetic variation. It results to a new version of proteins making the organisms be able to adapt to its environment. It is a harmful effect when it causes genetic disorder. Mutations can also hinder in the ability to survive. It affects the fitness of the organism to survive and its capacity to adapt to future environmental changes.
Answer - B. creates genetic variation
The trend for human population and the rate of climate change are both predicted to consistently increase significantly. Whatoutcome is likely to be the least critical for humans in the future?A) deforestationB) less available freshwaterC) displaced coastal communitiesD) increased competition over land useSelect the correct answer choice
The least critical outcome among those options is likely to be deforestation. (option A) which also is the least related to human population increase and climate change rate problematic.
i need help!!! i have no idea what to answer and i have to turn this in today!
Okay, we can see that parents in the image have a 4 puppies' offspring, all of them with spotted fur (SS or Ss). So the genotypes of each parent must be ss for the white-furred parent and SS for the spotted furred parent.
Which step of Koch's postulates is incorrect? A. 1.The pathogen is first found in an infected, unhealthy person.B. 2.The pathogen is isolated from an unhealthy person and grown in a lab.C. 3.The pathogen grown in a lab will be given to a healthy organism that gets the same disease.D. 4.The pathogen should be isolated again and should have mutated when compared to the original.
Let's analyze each one of the postulates and compare to the options.
1. A pathogen must be found in the body of a sick person.
This one states the same as the option A, therefore option A is not the answer.
2. A pathogen must be isolated and grown in a lab culture.
This one states the same as the option B, therefore option B is not the answer.
3. The pathogens that were created in this lab culture, when introduced in a healthy person's body, must give the disease to this person.
This one states the same as the option C, therefore option C is not the answer.
4. The pathogen must be isolated again and must be the same as the original.
This one states that the last isolated pathogen must be equal to the original one, but option D states that it must be mutated, which means that it would be different than the original. Therefore, option D is incorrect.
The correct answer is D. 4.The pathogen should be isolated again and should have mutated when compared to the original.
Which nervous system structure controls the release of hormones in the endocrine
system?
Ohypothalamus
O cerebrum
Opons
O cerebellum
Answer: Hypothalamus
Explanation:
9. Which of the following characters are not used when determining the phylogenyamong species?A. morphological characteristicsB. biochemical characteristicsC. physical or analogous characteristics
The characters that are not commonly used whendetermining the phylogeny among species are the biochemical characteristics.
The correct answer is option B.
Explain hot the properties of the phospholipids are important for the stability of the membrane.
The cell membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer of phospholipid.
Phospholipids are amphipathic, which means one region is hydrophobic and the other one is hydrophobic. Given this property, the phospholipids arrange themselves with the hydrophilic "heads" on the outside and the hydrophobic "tail" to the interior of the membrane, forming the bilayer and mantaining iitsshape.
I need helpList two natural causes of deforestation List two human related causes of deforestation
Natural causes of desforestation (natural and cyclical events):
- Fires (because of climate or heat waves);
- Floods (because of climate changes and storms);
- Hurricanes (because of natural events).
Human related causes of desforestation (human activity):
- Activities as agricutural expansion;
- Oil extraction;
- Infrastructure development;
- Mining;
- Construction;
- Cattle breeding.