Heartworm microfilariae are first-stage larvae.
A mosquito is required for microfilariae to develop into infectious larvae. The infectious larvae are transferred to the dog through the bite wound when the infected mosquito attacks another dog. It takes approximately 6 to 7 months in a freshly afflicted dog. Heartworm development goes through the first larval stage (L1) and second larval stage (L2) within a mosquito. The mosquito finds a host and bites it, depositing the larvae under the skin at the bite site once the larvae have reached the infectious third larval stage (L3). it takes this for the heartworm larvae to develop into adult heartworms.
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which cells will most likely display mutations that could potentially result in cancer?
Carcinoma, the bulk of most cancers cells are epithelial in origin, starting in a tissue that strains the internal or outer surfaces of the body.
Leukaemia, originate withinside the tissues chargeable for generating new blood cells, maximum typically withinside the bone marrow. Lymphoma and myeloma, derived from cells of the immune system. Carcinomas, which encompass about 90% of human cancers, are malignancies of epithelial cells.
Oncogenes are mutated genes that motive cells to develop out of manipulate and may cause most cancers. Proto-oncogenes are regular genes that manipulate mobileular increase however in the event that they emerge as mutated they are able to grow to be oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes and oncogenes act like on/off switches.
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which species concept would be most useful to a team of biology students conducting a biodiversity survey on their campus? view available hint(s)for part a which species concept would be most useful to a team of biology students conducting a biodiversity survey on their campus? the phylogenetic species concept all species concepts would be equally useful. the morphospecies concept the biological species concept
The morphospecies concept would be most useful to a team of biology students conducting a biodiversity survey on their campus
Morphological Species Concept is the most common way to tell different species apart is by looking at them.
Asexual and sexual organisms are both included in the Morphological Species Concept, which uses body shape and other structural characteristics to define a species. It is not the same as the modern concept of a species, which refers to a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
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A boy and his skateboard have a combined mass of 65 kg. What is the speed of the boy and skateboard if they have a momentum of 275 kg • meters per second?
0 m/s
0.24 m/s
4.2 m/s
8.5 m/s
c. 4.2 m/s...................................
What will happen to a cell that does not have a cell wall is placed in a hypotonic solution?
Answer:
A cell that does not have a rigid cell wall, such as a red blood cell, will swell and lyse (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution. Cells with a cell wall will swell when placed in a hypotonic solution, but once the cell is turgid (firm), the tough cell wall prevents any more water from entering the cell.
Explanation:
The evolutionary mechanism that allows for species to adapt to the environmental conditions found in their habitat is?
Natural selection is the mechanism. of the evolution.
Natural selection is an evolutionary mechanism. Organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to inherit genes that have contributed to their survival and success. This process causes species to change and diverge over time.
Natural selection is the process of randomly selecting genes to pass on to the next generation. Individuals within a population are inherently variable. In other words, all individuals are different in some way. This change means that some individuals have traits that adapt better to their environment than others. These are the working of natural selection.
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a husband and wife have the blood genotypes iaib and ii. what possible blood types can their children have?
Due to the F1 generation phenotypic ratio of 1 A group, 2 AB groups, and 1 B groups, a child with AB blood group can be born to AB blood group parents. The right answer is "B."
Blood type AB requires possession of both the A and B alleles. There must be an AB genotype. If both of a child's parents have blood types A and B, the answer is yes, the child can have blood type O. Human ABO blood grouping is governed by the gene I. The gene's three alleles are IA, IB, and I. The blood types of both parents determine the child's blood type. The two alleles that each parent possesses make up the child's blood type.
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the flow of highly energetic electrons through the electron transport chain changes the of the pump proteins, which causes them to transport protons across the membrane.
The flow of highly energetic electrons through the electron transport chain changes the of the pump proteins, shape causes them to transport protons across the membrane.
NADH and FADH2 release high-energy electrons that travel through electron transport networks similar to those utilized during photosynthesis. On the mitochondrion's inner membrane are the electron transport chains. Some of the high-energy electrons' energy is caught as they move along the chains. Hydrogen ions (from NADH and FADH2) are pumped over the inner membrane and into the intermembrane gap using this energy.
The concentration of hydrogen ions in the intermembrane space is higher than in the matrix as a result of the pumping of hydrogen ions through the inner membrane. The ions move back over the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower, as a result of this chemiosmotic gradient. The channel protein ATP synthase aids in the passage of hydrogen ions across the membrane. It also functions as an enzyme, converting inorganic phosphate and ADP into ATP. The "spent" electrons unite with oxygen to make water after going through the electron-transport chain. This is why oxygen is required because this process cannot take place without it.
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An arrhenius base increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in solution. True false.
False. Bases increase the hydroxide ion concentration
The Arrhenius acid-base theory is a theory that suggests the classification of acid-base compounds based on the type of ion formed when the compound is added to air. A substance when added to water will show acidic or basic properties. This theory can only describe acids and bases in aqueous solutions and cannot classify acids and bases in gaseous or solid state.
According to Arrhenius a base is a compound that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution. When a substance is alkaline dissolved in water which has neutral properties, it will produce hydroxide ion OH-. While that can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in solution is an acid.
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what is it called when the sequence of questions on a poll influences responses?
Ordering effects was questions (response alternatives) on a poll which has a purpose to influence responses.
Which factors can influence the results of a poll?The more random and diverse the poll, the more accurate the poll (the less of a sampling error). However, polls can be influenced by the following factors, their size and diversity, the biases on themselves, and the demographic measured.The term order effect refers to a well-documented phenomenon in which different orderings of questions (or response alternatives) can influence respondents' responses in a more or less systematic manner.Order effects can be caused by almost anything, making them dangerously difficult to control. Some of the possible causes of order effects include fatigue after one or two tests or practice. When people in fatigue they easy to influence which affect to their responses in pool or decision.
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Which releases hormones that increase the rate of cellular respiration throughout the body?
Thyroid hormones that increase the rate of cellular respiration throughout the body.
Why does cellular respiration increase?Up until the enzyme achieves its maximum velocity, adding extra reactants, such as glucose, accelerates the processes.High oxygen concentrations enable cells to perform aerobic respiration, which uses oxygen to build ATP and generates more ATP than anaerobic respiration, which occurs when oxygen is not present.
Which activity speeds up cellular respiration the fastest?According to the American Council on Exercise, frequent brief bursts of intensive exercise, like sprinting, power lifting, or high-intensity circuit training, boost anaerobic respiration rates.
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the cambrian explosion occurred 541 million years ago. this event resulted in an increase in _____.
The Cambrian Explosion occurred 541 million years ago and this event resulted in an increase in diversity of life forms.
It is widely considered to be one of the most significant events in the history of life on Earth. This event marked the beginning of the Cambrian period, which saw an unprecedented increase in the diversity and complexity of life. This rapid diversification of species, known as the 'Cambrian Explosion', is thought to have been triggered by a number of environmental changes that took place during the Cambrian period.
The Cambrian Explosion resulted in an increase in the number and variety of species on Earth. This was largely due to the introduction of a new type of body plan, the 'ecdysozoan', which allowed mollusks, annelids, arthropods and other creatures to diversify and adapt to their environments. This new type of body plan enabled creatures to develop new organs and appendages, such as eyes and limbs, which allowed them to explore and exploit new environments. This, in turn, led to the diversification of existing species and the emergence of entirely new ones.
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a biodiversity hotspot is: question 12 options: an area where the rate of species extinction is high an area that has been effected catastrophic environmental change a region where animals that should be brought together in an enclosure an area near volcanic vents on the ocean floor where the diversity of chemosynthetic communities is high a region where species diversity is high, but threatened by environmental change.
In an area known as a hotspot, species diversity is strong but endangered by habitat loss.
How does species diversity work?The number of distinct species in an environment and the varying abundance of each species are considered to be the two determinants of species diversity. When every species is present in an area in an equal amount, diversity is at its highest.
What makes species diversity crucial?All life on Earth, especially humans, depends on the mechanisms that biodiversity supports. We cannot have ecological integrity that depend on a variety of creatures, plants, and bacteria to give us the oxygen we and the food we eat. And individuals value nature itself.
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What structure of a neuron is a short, highly branched process that helps receive input from other neurons?
Dendrites structure of a neuron is a short, highly branched process that helps receive input from other neurons.
What are the Neurons ?
The basic building blocks of the brain and nervous system are neurons, also known as neurones or nerve cells. They are the cells in charge of receiving sensory information from the outside world, sending motor commands to our muscles, and transforming and relaying electrical signals at each stage along the way.
What is the neuron’s structure?
A normal neuron is made up of an axon, dendrites, and the cell body (soma). The axon and dendrites are filaments extending from the soma, which is a compact structure. Typically, dendrites branch out widely and reach a few hundred micrometres from the soma.
What are the three different types of neurons’ functions?
Despite the enormous variety and billions of neurons, they can be divided into three fundamental kinds according to their function: relay neurons (short dendrites and either long or short axons) and motor neurons (short dendrites and long axons).
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6. if a person had a mutation in the gene that codes for interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein, what would be the most likely downstream effects?
The retinoid cycle could not transfer retina to and from the outer segment.
The primary downstream consequences of dams are sediment transport and the balance between channel sedimentation and erosion. The distribution of flow velocities is altered, and river channels are cut, as a result of silt entrapment by dams and reservoirs.
Flooding in the downstream is frequently brought on by prolonged, powerful storms. Runoff made of saturated solids is produced by the additional water.
Upstream flooding is more likely if the exceedance flow cannot discharge freely due to the downstream system. For instance, when releasing into coastal locations, tide levels may impact how well surface flood channels work. The primary downstream consequences of dams are sediment transport and the balance between channel sedimentation and erosion. The distribution of flow velocities is altered, and river channels are cut, as a result of silt entrapment by dams and reservoirs.
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What makes identifying animals accurately a challenge?
Accurate animal identification might be difficult. Animals of the same species can occasionally differ in a subtle way, such as in the size of their ears or unique color. You can identify animals by recognizing their footprints, scat, food sources, and habitat characteristics.
The two most well-known traditional methods of animal identification at this time are tattooing and ear tagging.
Four fundamental traits—an animal's distinguishing markings, its noises, its movements, and its social behavior—can be used to identify it. While hunting, there are many different tactics you might employ.
Knowing the essential traits of animals will make it easier for you to tell apart different species and between the sexes of the same species. Identification errors may result in the illegal harvesting of non-game animals.
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Which statement describes early people’s beliefs about intelligence and emotions?
A.
Early people believed intelligence and emotions originated in the chambers of the brain.
B.
Early people believed that the fluid around the brain was the source of intelligence and emotions.
C.
Early people believed that sensations in the limbs gave rise to intelligence and emotions.
D.
Early people believed that the heart was the center of intelligence and emotions.
Early people believed that the heart was the centre of intelligence and emotions statement describes early people’s beliefs about intelligence and emotions.
What connection exists between intelligence and feelings?
The ability to identify emotion, use emotion and emotion-related information to reason, and process emotional information as part of general problem solving is known as emotional intelligence.
What characterises an emotionally intelligent person?
Understanding your emotions, what they're trying to tell you, and how your emotions affect those around you is emotional intelligence. It also affects how you see other people; when you get other perspectives, you may manage relationships more skilfully.
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Early people believed that the heart was the center of intelligence and emotions statement describes early people’s beliefs about intelligence and emotions.
What connection exists between intelligence and feelings?The ability to identify emotion, use emotion and emotion-related information to reason, and process emotional information as part of general problem solving is known as emotional intelligence.
What characterizes an emotionally intelligent person?Understanding your emotions, what they're trying to tell you, and how your emotions affect those around you is emotional intelligence. It also affects how you see other people; when you get other perspectives, you may manage relationships more skilfully.
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how many individual protein subunits make up the quaternary structure of one biologically active myosin protein? what are these proteins? what are their approximate molecular masses?
The fourth (and highest) classification level of protein structure is known as protein quaternary structure.
The term "protein quaternary structure" describes how proteins are made up of two or more smaller protein chains (also referred to as subunits). The quantity and configuration of numerous folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex are described by the protein quaternary structure.
Simple dimers, huge homooligomers, and complexes with a set or variable number of subunits are all included in this category of organisations. Since some proteins serve as standalone units, not all proteins will have a quaternary structure, in contrast to the previous three levels of protein structure. Protein biomolecular complexes with nucleic acids and other cofactors are also referred to as having protein quaternary structure.
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Where do you think a plant might get its energy during fall and winter
Answer:
Each plant is transformed differently in the fall intimately dormancy is the way plants conserve energy by using the stored sugers and carbohydrates they produce during the growing season to survive the winter.
homozygous recessive nn cactuses have no spines at all. what phenotypes would be expected from a cross between a true-breeding sharp-spined cactus and a spineless cactus?
While a second gene N determines whether or not cacti have spines through epistasis, gene S controls the sharpness of spines in a particular species of cactus.
Cacti with dominant alleles have sharp spines, while homozygous recessive ss cacti have blunt spines. A cactus is a member of the Cactaceae genus of plants. There are many sizes and shapes of cacti. Despite the fact that some species can tolerate very humid conditions, most cactus live in settings that experience at least some drought. Many of them can also be found in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on Earth, where they live in extremely dry conditions. As a result cacti have developed a variety of adaptations to conserve water. Cactus areoles, which are specialized structures, produce the spines.
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Enzymes are catalysts in reactions. What statements describe functions of enzymes? select all that apply.
Enzymes are biological catalysts. The following statements describe the functions of enzymes. Different sets of enzymes are found in various cell types. Substrates can encourage an enzyme's better match. The ideal temperature and pH parameters for certain enzymes vary.
The activation energy of a process is reduced by enzymes. While RNA molecules are less common than proteins, enzymes do exist. The majority of enzymes engage with a particular substrate. Each reaction is controlled individually.
Products cannot diffuse away.Enzymes bind their substrates more easily.Inadvertent side effects are eliminated.Enzymes alter in form in response to substrate binding. The binding of the substrate regulates the rate of an enzymatic process. Enzymes can combine different substrates. Enzymes put a substrate's chemical bonds under stress.
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Enzymes are catalysts in reactions, the statements that describe the functions of enzymes are;
a. Enzymes are specific in their actions.
c. Enzymes lower the energy of activation needed for a reaction
e. Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature.
Chemical reactions in a system are catalyzed by enzymes. Enzymes have specific properties that give them a catalytic nature, just like any other catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions. Enzymes reduce the activation energy required for a reaction. Temperature can affect the action of enzymes: Because enzymes are proteinous, or form of proteins, the temperature can quickly denature them. As a result, enzymes can lose their structure and ultimately their function when subjected to high temperatures.
As a result, choices a, c, and e are correct.
The complete question is attached.
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HELP ASAP. Which examples are caused by variation?
(Select all that apply.)
O Some whales swim in groups for safety. This is an advantage.
□ Some anteaters have shorter tongues and cannot reach deep into ant nests. This is a disadvantage.
Some anteaters have longer tongues that can reach deeper into ant nests. This is an advantage.
O Some whales have only one offspring. This is a disadvantage.
Answer:
B C D
Explanation:
V- Anteaters having shorter/longer tongue's in an example of variation simply because this factor is random.
V- Whales with one offspring are also an example of variation-- the whale did not control how many offspring they had.
X-whales stay in groups naturally, it is something they learned over time to stay safe, it's not genetic variation, more of adaption
the difference between variation and adaption is
adaption helps suit the environment
and
variation comes from mutations and is often random
investigate your knowledge of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism by classifying the target-cell responses at left as an absorptive state event or a postabsorptive state event.
The postabsorptive state, also known as the fasting state, normally takes place while you're sleeping, after the food has already been digested and absorbed (if you skip meals for some days, you will enter in this state).
The metabolic breakdown of molecules into simpler ones during the catabolic stage releases energy (heat) and usable resources.
Now, the beginning of the postabsorptive stage occurs when your blood glucose levels start to fall and your body starts to rely on its glycogen reserves, which are broken down into glucose.
The statement is accurate since catabolic processes begin to take place once the body enters the postabsorptive phases.
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Which structure of the urinary system controls the release of urine from the body?.
The urethral sphincter is the body structure of the urinary system that controls the release of urine from the body.
What is the urethral sphincter body structure?The urethral sphincter is a body structure mainly composed of muscles which include both smooth muscle (a type of involuntary muscle that contracts in response to stimuli) and also a type of voluntary muscle called striated muscle.
The urethral sphincter can be defined as a body structure that is able to support changes in physiological conditions in order to release during the excretory urinary system.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the urethral sphincter can be defined as a type of special body structure capable of controlling the functions of the urinary system by regulating the release of urine in response to the physiological conditions of the body due to a particular stimulus.
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which of the following is correct? a. the primary auditory cortex is located in the mesial temporal lobe (mtl) and its representation of sound frequencies is roughly continuous (like the piano keyboard). b. the primary auditory cortex is located in the mesial temporal lobe (mtl) and its representation of sound frequencies is non-continuous and counterintuitive (like the representation of body parts in the somatosensory homunculus). c. the primary auditory cortex is located in the temporal cortex and its representation of sound frequencies is roughly continuous (like the piano keyboard). d. the primary auditory cortex is located in the temporal cortex and its representation of sound frequencies is non-continuous and counterintuitive (like the representation of body parts in the somatosensory homunculus
In humans and many other species, the Primary Auditory Cortex is the area of the temporal lobe that deals with auditory information. It is a component of the auditory system and performs both fundamental and advanced hearing processes, including those that may be related to language switching.
The temporal lobe is crucial in the processing of auditory information, as its location close to the temples suggests. This function entails hearing noises, giving them meaning, and recalling those meanings. The superior temporal gyrus, a temporal lobe region that takes sound input directly from the ear, processes a large portion of the temporal lobe's auditory activity. Some of its additional features include
The development of visual memories, long-term memories included. The temporal lobe plays a crucial role in the development of conscious memories along with the hippocampus and amygdala, two components of the limbic system.
Figuring out what visual stimuli mean, including object recognition. It is not sufficient to merely view an object. Understanding what you are seeing is also necessary for eyesight to be effective. The ventral portion of the temporal lobe helps you give the daily sights you see significance. You wouldn't be able to distinguish faces or interpret body language without the ventral lobe.
The act of speaking. Speech production is aided by the temporal lobe. Speaking difficulties, even when awake, can result from dysfunction in this brain region.
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multigene families include two or more nearly identical genes or genes sharing nearly identical sequences. a classical example is the set of genes for globin molecules, including genes on human chromosomes 11 and 16. how might identical and obviously duplicated gene sequences have gotten from one chromosome to another?
Identical and obviously duplicated gene sequences have gotten from one chromosome to another by chromosomal translocation.
What is chromosomal translocation?А trаnslocаtion, аs relаted to genetics, occurs when а chromosome breаks аnd the (typicаlly two) frаgmented pieces re-аttаch to different chromosomes. The detection of chromosomаl trаnslocаtions cаn be importаnt for the diаgnosis of certаin genetic diseаses аnd disorders.
Multigene families are identicаl or similаr genes thаt hаve evolved by gene duplicаtion. Multigene fаmilies аre believed to hаve аrisen by duplicаtion аnd vаriаtion of а single аncestrаl gene. Exаmples of multigene fаmilies include those thаt encode the аctins, hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, tubulins, interferons, histones etc.
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what membranes of the maculae sacculi and utriculi are important in sensing gravity and motion?
Otolithic membranes of the maculae sacculi and utriculi are important in sensing gravity and motion
The vestibular system of the inner ear has a fibrous tissue called the otolithic membrane. It is essential for how the brain interprets equilibrium. In addition to measuring the linear acceleration of the body, the membrane also determines whether the head or the body is tilted. The linear acceleration could occur vertically, like when an elevator moves up or down, or horizontally, like when an automobile is traveling.The vestibular system of the inner ear has a fibrous tissue called the otolithic membrane. It is essential for how the brain interprets equilibrium. In addition to measuring the body's linear acceleration, the membrane also detects tilts of the head or body. The linear acceleration could occur vertically, like when an elevator moves up or down, or horizontally, like when an automobile is traveling.Gravity causes the otolithic membrane to move away from the sensory epithelium when the head tilts (macula). The hair bundles, which are embedded in the bottom, gelatinous surface of the membrane, are moved as a result of the shearing motion between the otolithic membrane and the macula. The displacement of the hair bundles causes the hair cells to produce a receptor potential. The otolithic membrane assists the body in detecting linear accelerations in addition to tilting.
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nutritionists express energy in calories, which are in fact 1000 real calories. one real calorie is equivalent to 4.18 joules, the universal energy unit. thus, one nutrition calorie is equivalent to
Calories, which are actually 1000 actual calories, are how nutritionists express energy. 4.18 joules, or the universal energy unit, are equal to one actual calorie. Thus, 4.18 kilojoules are the same as one calorie in .
Why would you use a nutritionist?Clients seeking advice on diet-related matters and wholesome eating practices can turn to dietitians and nutritionists. Nutritionists and dietitians are specialists in using nutrition and food to promote well-being and treat illness. In order to promote healthy living, they organize and carry out food services or nutritional programs.
How are nutritionists and dietitians different from one another?Nutritionists deal with broader nutritional goals and practices as contrasted to dietitians, who are competent to diagnose anorexia nervosa and create diets to treat particular medical diseases. Many educational institutions, medical facilities, cafeterias, nursing homes, and athletic associations employ nutritionists.
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The electrophoresis buffer is poured over the agarose gel because it charges the DNA samples so they can travel more readily across the chamber 4 True or Falco
False. The electrophoresis buffer is NOT poured over the agarose gel because it DOES NOT charges the DNA samples so they can travel more readily across the chamber.
Gels used for DNA separation are frequently made of agarose, a polysaccharide that comes in the form of dry, powdered flakes. When agarose is subjected to heat in a buffer (salty water) and allowed to cool, it forms a solid, mildly squishy gel.
The DNA is filled into pre-cast wells in the gel and a current is generated to separate it using agarose gel electrophoresis. Because the phosphate backbone of the DNA (and RNA) molecule is negatively charged, DNA fragments will migrate to the positively charged anode when placed in an electric field.
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suppose a woman with haplotype r and a man with haplotype q have a son. the son then marries a woman with haplotype l1. if this couple had one son and one daughter, what would be the respective haplotypes for their son and the daughter?
The son and daughter's respective haplotypes would be R and L1.
How do haplotypes get passed down?A group of DNA variations that are often inherited together along a single chromosome are referred to as a haplotype. Due to their proximity on the chromosome, they frequently inherit together, and recombinations between these variants are uncommon.
How is haplotype determined?The method may determine the haplotype forms that carry the harmful alleles at the related SNPs that had emerged from the association study in each group individually by simulating case-control data around an artificial causal SNP for each of the three HapMap panels.
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Gene therapy is a process whereby normal genes are injected to replace abnormal genes.
a. True
b. False
The answer is True , Gene therapy attempts to treat illness or strengthen your body's resistance to illness by replacing a damaged gene or adding a new gene.
Numerous disorders, including cancer, cystic fibrosis, heart disease, diabetes, hemophilia, and AIDS, may be treated by gene therapy.
With gene therapy, medical professionals provide bodily cells a healthy copy of a gene. This healthy gene may introduce a brand-new gene,
inactivate a damaged (mutated) gene, or take the place of an existing gene. These beneficial genes enter cells via carriers, or vectors.
Gene therapy is a method for treating or curing disease by changing a person's DNA. Gene treatments can function in a variety of ways: putting a healthy copy of the gene in place of a disease-causing gene.
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