Each of the labels should be matched with the appropriate box to identify which motor division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is described as follows;
Autonomic:
Requires two neurons from the CNS to the effector organ.
Utilizes acetylcholine and norepinephrine as neurotransmitters.
Presence of pre- and post- ganglionic neurons.
CNS somas are located in the lateral horns of the spinal cord.
Somatic:
Associated with sensory receptors for touch.
Only requires one neuron from the CNS to the effector organ.
Associated with voluntary motor neurons.
What are the components of the nervous system?In Medicine, the nervous system that is found in all living organisms is composed of two (2) major components or systems and these include the following;
A central nervous system (CNS).A peripheral nervous system (PNS).What is the peripheral nervous system?The peripheral nervous system (PNS) can be defined as an anatomical and functional division of the nervous system that is mainly responsible for perceptual experience in living organisms.
In conclusion, the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is generally divided into the autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system.
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true or false? the blind spot in vertebrate eyes is a region of the retina that contains no photoreceptors.
The blind spot in vertebrate eyes is a region of the retina that contains no photoreceptors is true.
The retina is missing photoreceptors in one area. Our "blind spot" is this. As a result, any picture that enters this zone won't be visible. The optic nerves congregate here before exiting the eye and traveling to the brain.
Blind spot: The little area of each eye's visual field where the optic disk, sometimes referred to as the optic nerve head, is located. There can be no image detection in the optic disk since there are no photoreceptors (rods or cones, respectively).
You cannot see anything at all without photoreceptors.
Photoreceptor cells and glial cells in the retina capture incoming photons and transport them along neural pathways as both electric and chemical markers in order for the brain to obtain a visual image.
The retina is made up of countless numbers of cells that are evenly distributed over the surface of the rear of the eye's bottom and densely grouped together.
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Which releases hormones that increase the rate of cellular respiration throughout the body?
Thyroid hormones that increase the rate of cellular respiration throughout the body.
Why does cellular respiration increase?Up until the enzyme achieves its maximum velocity, adding extra reactants, such as glucose, accelerates the processes.High oxygen concentrations enable cells to perform aerobic respiration, which uses oxygen to build ATP and generates more ATP than anaerobic respiration, which occurs when oxygen is not present.
Which activity speeds up cellular respiration the fastest?According to the American Council on Exercise, frequent brief bursts of intensive exercise, like sprinting, power lifting, or high-intensity circuit training, boost anaerobic respiration rates.
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The electrophoresis buffer is poured over the agarose gel because it charges the DNA samples so they can travel more readily across the chamber 4 True or Falco
False. The electrophoresis buffer is NOT poured over the agarose gel because it DOES NOT charges the DNA samples so they can travel more readily across the chamber.
Gels used for DNA separation are frequently made of agarose, a polysaccharide that comes in the form of dry, powdered flakes. When agarose is subjected to heat in a buffer (salty water) and allowed to cool, it forms a solid, mildly squishy gel.
The DNA is filled into pre-cast wells in the gel and a current is generated to separate it using agarose gel electrophoresis. Because the phosphate backbone of the DNA (and RNA) molecule is negatively charged, DNA fragments will migrate to the positively charged anode when placed in an electric field.
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a husband and wife have the blood genotypes iaib and ii. what possible blood types can their children have?
Due to the F1 generation phenotypic ratio of 1 A group, 2 AB groups, and 1 B groups, a child with AB blood group can be born to AB blood group parents. The right answer is "B."
Blood type AB requires possession of both the A and B alleles. There must be an AB genotype. If both of a child's parents have blood types A and B, the answer is yes, the child can have blood type O. Human ABO blood grouping is governed by the gene I. The gene's three alleles are IA, IB, and I. The blood types of both parents determine the child's blood type. The two alleles that each parent possesses make up the child's blood type.
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Which statement describes early people’s beliefs about intelligence and emotions?
A.
Early people believed intelligence and emotions originated in the chambers of the brain.
B.
Early people believed that the fluid around the brain was the source of intelligence and emotions.
C.
Early people believed that sensations in the limbs gave rise to intelligence and emotions.
D.
Early people believed that the heart was the center of intelligence and emotions.
Early people believed that the heart was the centre of intelligence and emotions statement describes early people’s beliefs about intelligence and emotions.
What connection exists between intelligence and feelings?
The ability to identify emotion, use emotion and emotion-related information to reason, and process emotional information as part of general problem solving is known as emotional intelligence.
What characterises an emotionally intelligent person?
Understanding your emotions, what they're trying to tell you, and how your emotions affect those around you is emotional intelligence. It also affects how you see other people; when you get other perspectives, you may manage relationships more skilfully.
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Early people believed that the heart was the center of intelligence and emotions statement describes early people’s beliefs about intelligence and emotions.
What connection exists between intelligence and feelings?The ability to identify emotion, use emotion and emotion-related information to reason, and process emotional information as part of general problem solving is known as emotional intelligence.
What characterizes an emotionally intelligent person?Understanding your emotions, what they're trying to tell you, and how your emotions affect those around you is emotional intelligence. It also affects how you see other people; when you get other perspectives, you may manage relationships more skilfully.
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A boy and his skateboard have a combined mass of 65 kg. What is the speed of the boy and skateboard if they have a momentum of 275 kg • meters per second?
0 m/s
0.24 m/s
4.2 m/s
8.5 m/s
c. 4.2 m/s...................................
Which liquid is the most Which liquid is the most viscous?
syrup
water
milk
apple juice
the cambrian explosion occurred 541 million years ago. this event resulted in an increase in _____.
The Cambrian Explosion occurred 541 million years ago and this event resulted in an increase in diversity of life forms.
It is widely considered to be one of the most significant events in the history of life on Earth. This event marked the beginning of the Cambrian period, which saw an unprecedented increase in the diversity and complexity of life. This rapid diversification of species, known as the 'Cambrian Explosion', is thought to have been triggered by a number of environmental changes that took place during the Cambrian period.
The Cambrian Explosion resulted in an increase in the number and variety of species on Earth. This was largely due to the introduction of a new type of body plan, the 'ecdysozoan', which allowed mollusks, annelids, arthropods and other creatures to diversify and adapt to their environments. This new type of body plan enabled creatures to develop new organs and appendages, such as eyes and limbs, which allowed them to explore and exploit new environments. This, in turn, led to the diversification of existing species and the emergence of entirely new ones.
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suppose a woman with haplotype r and a man with haplotype q have a son. the son then marries a woman with haplotype l1. if this couple had one son and one daughter, what would be the respective haplotypes for their son and the daughter?
The son and daughter's respective haplotypes would be R and L1.
How do haplotypes get passed down?A group of DNA variations that are often inherited together along a single chromosome are referred to as a haplotype. Due to their proximity on the chromosome, they frequently inherit together, and recombinations between these variants are uncommon.
How is haplotype determined?The method may determine the haplotype forms that carry the harmful alleles at the related SNPs that had emerged from the association study in each group individually by simulating case-control data around an artificial causal SNP for each of the three HapMap panels.
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At which stage of the general adaptation syndrome does the body attempts to repair any damage and return to a condition of stability and equilibrium?
The third stage of the general adaptation syndrome is the stage of exhaustion, where the body attempts to repair any damage and return to a condition of stability and equilibrium.
The Stage of Exhaustion: Attempting to Return to Stability and EquilibriumThe third stage of the general adaptation syndrome is the stage of exhaustion, which is the body's attempt to repair any damage and return to a state of stability and equilibrium. This stage is reached when the body's adaptive capacity has been exhausted, and it can no longer cope with the continued stressor. During this stage, the body uses its resources to repair and restore itself, and the individual may experience a range of physical and psychological symptoms.
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Which structure of the urinary system controls the release of urine from the body?.
The urethral sphincter is the body structure of the urinary system that controls the release of urine from the body.
What is the urethral sphincter body structure?The urethral sphincter is a body structure mainly composed of muscles which include both smooth muscle (a type of involuntary muscle that contracts in response to stimuli) and also a type of voluntary muscle called striated muscle.
The urethral sphincter can be defined as a body structure that is able to support changes in physiological conditions in order to release during the excretory urinary system.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the urethral sphincter can be defined as a type of special body structure capable of controlling the functions of the urinary system by regulating the release of urine in response to the physiological conditions of the body due to a particular stimulus.
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which cells will most likely display mutations that could potentially result in cancer?
Carcinoma, the bulk of most cancers cells are epithelial in origin, starting in a tissue that strains the internal or outer surfaces of the body.
Leukaemia, originate withinside the tissues chargeable for generating new blood cells, maximum typically withinside the bone marrow. Lymphoma and myeloma, derived from cells of the immune system. Carcinomas, which encompass about 90% of human cancers, are malignancies of epithelial cells.
Oncogenes are mutated genes that motive cells to develop out of manipulate and may cause most cancers. Proto-oncogenes are regular genes that manipulate mobileular increase however in the event that they emerge as mutated they are able to grow to be oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes and oncogenes act like on/off switches.
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homozygous recessive nn cactuses have no spines at all. what phenotypes would be expected from a cross between a true-breeding sharp-spined cactus and a spineless cactus?
While a second gene N determines whether or not cacti have spines through epistasis, gene S controls the sharpness of spines in a particular species of cactus.
Cacti with dominant alleles have sharp spines, while homozygous recessive ss cacti have blunt spines. A cactus is a member of the Cactaceae genus of plants. There are many sizes and shapes of cacti. Despite the fact that some species can tolerate very humid conditions, most cactus live in settings that experience at least some drought. Many of them can also be found in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on Earth, where they live in extremely dry conditions. As a result cacti have developed a variety of adaptations to conserve water. Cactus areoles, which are specialized structures, produce the spines.
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What structure of a neuron is a short, highly branched process that helps receive input from other neurons?
Dendrites structure of a neuron is a short, highly branched process that helps receive input from other neurons.
What are the Neurons ?
The basic building blocks of the brain and nervous system are neurons, also known as neurones or nerve cells. They are the cells in charge of receiving sensory information from the outside world, sending motor commands to our muscles, and transforming and relaying electrical signals at each stage along the way.
What is the neuron’s structure?
A normal neuron is made up of an axon, dendrites, and the cell body (soma). The axon and dendrites are filaments extending from the soma, which is a compact structure. Typically, dendrites branch out widely and reach a few hundred micrometres from the soma.
What are the three different types of neurons’ functions?
Despite the enormous variety and billions of neurons, they can be divided into three fundamental kinds according to their function: relay neurons (short dendrites and either long or short axons) and motor neurons (short dendrites and long axons).
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Gene therapy is a process whereby normal genes are injected to replace abnormal genes.
a. True
b. False
The answer is True , Gene therapy attempts to treat illness or strengthen your body's resistance to illness by replacing a damaged gene or adding a new gene.
Numerous disorders, including cancer, cystic fibrosis, heart disease, diabetes, hemophilia, and AIDS, may be treated by gene therapy.
With gene therapy, medical professionals provide bodily cells a healthy copy of a gene. This healthy gene may introduce a brand-new gene,
inactivate a damaged (mutated) gene, or take the place of an existing gene. These beneficial genes enter cells via carriers, or vectors.
Gene therapy is a method for treating or curing disease by changing a person's DNA. Gene treatments can function in a variety of ways: putting a healthy copy of the gene in place of a disease-causing gene.
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nutritionists express energy in calories, which are in fact 1000 real calories. one real calorie is equivalent to 4.18 joules, the universal energy unit. thus, one nutrition calorie is equivalent to
Calories, which are actually 1000 actual calories, are how nutritionists express energy. 4.18 joules, or the universal energy unit, are equal to one actual calorie. Thus, 4.18 kilojoules are the same as one calorie in .
Why would you use a nutritionist?Clients seeking advice on diet-related matters and wholesome eating practices can turn to dietitians and nutritionists. Nutritionists and dietitians are specialists in using nutrition and food to promote well-being and treat illness. In order to promote healthy living, they organize and carry out food services or nutritional programs.
How are nutritionists and dietitians different from one another?Nutritionists deal with broader nutritional goals and practices as contrasted to dietitians, who are competent to diagnose anorexia nervosa and create diets to treat particular medical diseases. Many educational institutions, medical facilities, cafeterias, nursing homes, and athletic associations employ nutritionists.
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What two categories are used for mammals?
Mammals may be divided into two main categories: big mammals and small mammals. Elephants, whales, tigers, and other large animal species are examples of large mammals. House cats, shrews, rabbits, opossums, and foxes are examples of small mammals.
The biggest existing terrestrial mammals, including elephants, zebras, giraffes, hippopotamuses, rhinoceroses, and giant bovines, are referred to as megafauna among living creatures.
Based on their size and body mass, small mammals, also known as micromammals, are a subset of mammals. The top limit has been set at various levels. According to the International Biological Program, tiny animals are those that weigh up to 5 kg.
Large roving animals particularly predators are important for maintaining a balanced ecology. The abundance of small animals in almost every environment fills a critical ecological void.
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HELP ASAP. Which examples are caused by variation?
(Select all that apply.)
O Some whales swim in groups for safety. This is an advantage.
□ Some anteaters have shorter tongues and cannot reach deep into ant nests. This is a disadvantage.
Some anteaters have longer tongues that can reach deeper into ant nests. This is an advantage.
O Some whales have only one offspring. This is a disadvantage.
Answer:
B C D
Explanation:
V- Anteaters having shorter/longer tongue's in an example of variation simply because this factor is random.
V- Whales with one offspring are also an example of variation-- the whale did not control how many offspring they had.
X-whales stay in groups naturally, it is something they learned over time to stay safe, it's not genetic variation, more of adaption
the difference between variation and adaption is
adaption helps suit the environment
and
variation comes from mutations and is often random
review your data from part iii of this lab on the absorption spectrum of chloroplast extract and answer the following questions: a. at what wavelength (and color) of light do you think the rate of photosynthesis is highest? b. at what wavelength (and color) of light do you think the rate of photosynthesis is lowest? c. the wavelengths (colors) of light that are absorbed most by chloroplasts are and . d. what molecule in the chloroplast absorbs this light? e. what is the specific purpose of absorbing light? be more specific than answering photosynthesis! 9. why are plants green? review and study questions in pre and post lab assignments
The blue (425-450 nm) and red ranges of visible light contain the most beneficial wavelengths for photosynthesis (600–700 nm). Green light therefore has a minimal photosynthetic rate.
Chlorophyll an is the pigment that absorbs the most violet and orange light among the wavelengths (colors) of light. Blue and yellow light are predominantly absorbed by chlorophyll b. They both also weakly absorb light of other wavelengths.
What chloroplast molecule is it that absorbs this light?The principal pigment in photosynthesis, chlorophyll, reflects green light and significantly absorbs red and blue light. Chloroplasts, which house the chlorophyll in plants, are where photosynthesis occurs. Chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments absorb wavelengths, which result in the generation of electrons that power photosynthesis.
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An arrhenius base increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in solution. True false.
False. Bases increase the hydroxide ion concentration
The Arrhenius acid-base theory is a theory that suggests the classification of acid-base compounds based on the type of ion formed when the compound is added to air. A substance when added to water will show acidic or basic properties. This theory can only describe acids and bases in aqueous solutions and cannot classify acids and bases in gaseous or solid state.
According to Arrhenius a base is a compound that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution. When a substance is alkaline dissolved in water which has neutral properties, it will produce hydroxide ion OH-. While that can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in solution is an acid.
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The evolutionary mechanism that allows for species to adapt to the environmental conditions found in their habitat is?
Natural selection is the mechanism. of the evolution.
Natural selection is an evolutionary mechanism. Organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to inherit genes that have contributed to their survival and success. This process causes species to change and diverge over time.
Natural selection is the process of randomly selecting genes to pass on to the next generation. Individuals within a population are inherently variable. In other words, all individuals are different in some way. This change means that some individuals have traits that adapt better to their environment than others. These are the working of natural selection.
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Where do you think a plant might get its energy during fall and winter
Answer:
Each plant is transformed differently in the fall intimately dormancy is the way plants conserve energy by using the stored sugers and carbohydrates they produce during the growing season to survive the winter.
a myofibril is a cylindrical bundle of contractile myofilaments within the skeletal muscle cell. t or f
Myofibril is a cylindrical bundles of contractile myofilaments within the skeletal muscle cell. The given statement is True.
What's myofibril?Myofibril, veritably fine contractile fibres, groups of which extend in resemblant columns along the length of striated muscle fibres. The myofibrils are made up of thick and thin myofilaments, which help give the muscle bone its banded appearance.
FunctionThe myofibrils have a characteristic banding pattern detected under a light microscope appertained to as striations. The main function of the myofibrils is to produce muscle compression and relaxation.
What's Contractile Myofilaments?The myofilament contractile proteins correspond of thick hair myosin and thin hair actin proteins. Bound to actin are a complex of nonsupervisory proteins, which include tropomyosin and troponin- T, C, and l. The cadaverous system bears the muscular System by acting as a altar. The muscles without the cadaverous system would collapse and would lose the stability that they've along with the cadaverous system.
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what membranes of the maculae sacculi and utriculi are important in sensing gravity and motion?
Otolithic membranes of the maculae sacculi and utriculi are important in sensing gravity and motion
The vestibular system of the inner ear has a fibrous tissue called the otolithic membrane. It is essential for how the brain interprets equilibrium. In addition to measuring the linear acceleration of the body, the membrane also determines whether the head or the body is tilted. The linear acceleration could occur vertically, like when an elevator moves up or down, or horizontally, like when an automobile is traveling.The vestibular system of the inner ear has a fibrous tissue called the otolithic membrane. It is essential for how the brain interprets equilibrium. In addition to measuring the body's linear acceleration, the membrane also detects tilts of the head or body. The linear acceleration could occur vertically, like when an elevator moves up or down, or horizontally, like when an automobile is traveling.Gravity causes the otolithic membrane to move away from the sensory epithelium when the head tilts (macula). The hair bundles, which are embedded in the bottom, gelatinous surface of the membrane, are moved as a result of the shearing motion between the otolithic membrane and the macula. The displacement of the hair bundles causes the hair cells to produce a receptor potential. The otolithic membrane assists the body in detecting linear accelerations in addition to tilting.
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a biodiversity hotspot is: question 12 options: an area where the rate of species extinction is high an area that has been effected catastrophic environmental change a region where animals that should be brought together in an enclosure an area near volcanic vents on the ocean floor where the diversity of chemosynthetic communities is high a region where species diversity is high, but threatened by environmental change.
In an area known as a hotspot, species diversity is strong but endangered by habitat loss.
How does species diversity work?The number of distinct species in an environment and the varying abundance of each species are considered to be the two determinants of species diversity. When every species is present in an area in an equal amount, diversity is at its highest.
What makes species diversity crucial?All life on Earth, especially humans, depends on the mechanisms that biodiversity supports. We cannot have ecological integrity that depend on a variety of creatures, plants, and bacteria to give us the oxygen we and the food we eat. And individuals value nature itself.
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What will happen to a cell that does not have a cell wall is placed in a hypotonic solution?
Answer:
A cell that does not have a rigid cell wall, such as a red blood cell, will swell and lyse (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution. Cells with a cell wall will swell when placed in a hypotonic solution, but once the cell is turgid (firm), the tough cell wall prevents any more water from entering the cell.
Explanation:
the most common microbes that cause foodborne illness in the us are which four of the following?
The top five bacteria that infect Americans through food are Norovirus, Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter, and Staphylococcus aureus (Staph).
What is the foodborne illness?Foodborne disease is a widespread, expensive, and occasionally fatal public health issue that is generally preventable.
What causes it?The two most prevalent kinds of foodborne pathogens cause numerous outbreaks and individual episodes of sickness, including:
Salmonella, Listeria, or E. coli are examples of bacteria.Viruses, such as hepatitis A and norovirusWhat are the symptoms?From relatively minor discomfort to really acute, life-threatening illness, symptoms can vary greatly.
Who is in danger?A foodborne illness can affect anyone. However, some people are at a larger risk than others, including those who are pregnant, have young children, are elderly, or have weakened immune systems.
What proportion of food-related diseases are there in us?Every year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are approximately 48 million cases of foodborne disease.
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down syndrome is a genetic, developmental condition caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21 during meiosis. explain how a problem with the spindle checkpoint can cause this to occur in the cell.
Answer: Failure in spindle in checkpoint results in the formation of one gamete cell with an extra chromosome and another gamete cell lacking a chromosome.
What makes identifying animals accurately a challenge?
Accurate animal identification might be difficult. Animals of the same species can occasionally differ in a subtle way, such as in the size of their ears or unique color. You can identify animals by recognizing their footprints, scat, food sources, and habitat characteristics.
The two most well-known traditional methods of animal identification at this time are tattooing and ear tagging.
Four fundamental traits—an animal's distinguishing markings, its noises, its movements, and its social behavior—can be used to identify it. While hunting, there are many different tactics you might employ.
Knowing the essential traits of animals will make it easier for you to tell apart different species and between the sexes of the same species. Identification errors may result in the illegal harvesting of non-game animals.
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energy used by the body to perform muscular contractions is called adenosine diphosphate, or adp.
The statement is false that the energy used by the body to perform muscular contractions is called adenosine diphosphate, or ADP.
Muscular contractions are tightening, shortening or lengthening that occurs in the muscles due to any activity performed by them. These contractions require energy to happen which is provided by the hydrolysis of ATP.
ADP is the energy component of body consisting one a adenine molecule, sugar and 2 phosphate molecules. It is the result of the hydrolysis of ATP to yield energy to the body. ADP is also involved in the activation of platelets for the clotting process to occur.
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