The nuclear energy required to separate all the neutrons and protons from each other is 1.58×10²⁵ MeV.
Number of atoms in a 3g coin= 6.023×10²³ × 3/63
= 2.868×10²²
Each copper atom has 29 protons and 34 neutrons.
Thus, the mass defect of each atom is 29 × 1.00783 + 34 ×1.00867− 62.92960 = 0.59225u.
Total mass defect of all atoms = 0.59225u×2.868×10²²
=1.6985×10²² u.
Thus, the nuclear energy required=1.6985×10
22 ×931MeV = 1.58×10²⁵ MeV
What is nuclear energy?
Nuclear energy is the use of certain nuclear reactions to produce electricity. Nuclear energy can be obtained from nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion reactions. Currently, the vast majority of nuclear electricity is produced by nuclear fission of uranium and plutonium in nuclear power plants.To know more about nuclear energy, click the link given below:
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100 POINTS HELP ME FINISH WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
Answer:
A. color change
Explanation:
I'm 100% sure this is correct. Hope it helps! May I please have a brainliest for this? Thank you!
Answer:
the answer is A
Explanation:
PLEASE MARK AS BRAINLIEST
What is the difference between a chemical reaction and a chemical change?
Why is common salt or calcium chloride is scattered on the roads to melt ice in cold countries where it snows heavily?
In the cold countries where it snows heavily common salt or calcium chloride is scattered on the roads to melt the ice because they are an economical method to do so.
In the countries of cold climate a lot of snow gets accumulated on the driveways.
The blockage of the drivers is cured by using the calcium chloride solution or common rock salt.
These are very economical and easily available method to melt the ice in cold countries where it snows heavily.
When the rock salt or calcium chloride are scattered on the ice the releases heat which results in the melting of the ice due to snow.
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Which phenomenon that goes unexplained by Lewis structures is solved by applying molecular orbital theory? Select the correct answer below: O bond angles O ionization energy trends O the paramagnetism of the oxygen molecule O none of the above
The peculiarity that goes unexplained by Lewis structures is settled by applying the molecular orbital theory option C is right i.e., the paramagnetism of oxygen particles.
Lewis structure can't make sense of the paramagnetism of oxygen particles. Just molecular orbital theory makes sense of the paramagnetism of oxygen particles since oxygen atoms contain two unpaired electrons. A Lewis structure is exceptionally improved in the portrayal of the valence shell electrons in a particle. It is utilized to show how the electrons are organized around individual atoms in a particle. Electrons are displayed as "dabs" or holding electrons as a line between the two particles. Lewis figured out the "octet rule" in his cubical particle hypothesis. The octet rule alludes to the propensity of iotas to like to have eight electrons in the valence shell. At the point when molecules have less than eight electrons, they will quite often respond and frame more steady mixtures. Atoms will respond to get in the absolute most stable state.
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what is the molecular formula for a compound with a molar mass of 52 g/mol and an empirical formula of ch?
The molecular formula for a compound with a molar mass of 52 g/mol and an empirical formula of ch is C4H4 (Cyclobutadiene).
Mass of C=12g
Mass of H=1g. We can have 4 C's (4*12=48) and 4 H's (4*1=4)
so 48+ 4 is 52. Plus C4H4 has an empirical formula of CH since C4H4can be simplified. Cyclobutadiene is an organic compound with the formula C4H4. It is very reactive owing to its tendency to dimerize. Although the parent compound has not been isolated, some substituted derivatives are robust and a single molecule of cyclobutadiene is quite stable. Since the compound degrades by a bimolecular process, the species can be observed by matrix isolation techniques at temperatures below 35 K. It is thought to adopt a rectangular structure.
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the text describes the first three reactions of a metabolic pathway. complete the sentences. not all the terms will be placed.
The completed sentence contains as follows
The first paragraph contains Oxalocyclate, Citrate, Tricarboxylic acid.The second Paragraph contains Isomerization, isocitrate, intermediate.The third paragraph contains \alpha-ketoglutarate, NAD+.In the first step of the Krebs cycle, pyruvate dehydrogenase condenses with oxalo-cyclate , a 4 carbon compound. It forms citrate with removal of CoA. Citrate which thus formed has 3 carboxylic acid group and hence this cycle is called TCA cycle or Tricarboxylic acid cycle.
In reaction 2, this citrate thus formed undergoes isomerization to form isocitrate. The enzyme used in the reaction is called aconitase because this isomerization happens with cis-aconitate as the intermediate.
Further, in the reaction 3, CO₂ is eliminated to form \alpha -ketoglutarate which is a 5 carbon containing carboxylic acid. Here, oxidation occurs by electron transfer to NAD⁺ which is converted from NADH.
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This type of bias occurs when researchers fail to choose a representative sample of potential respondents is called?
Answer: a researcher bias
Explanation:
0.104g of an unknown diprotic acid was weighed into a flask dissolved into 150ml of water the resulting solution was titrated using 46.5ml of 0.103M NaOH. Calculate the molar mass of the unknown diprotic acid.
The molar mass of the unknown diprotic acid, given that 0.104 g of the acid was dissolved in 150 mL of water is 43.42 g/mol
How do I determine the molar mass?First, we shall dtermine the mole of NaOH. This can be obtained as follow:
Volume = 46.5 mL = 46.5 / 1000 = 0.0465 LMolarity of NaOH = 0.103 MMole of NaOH =?Mole = Molarity x Volume
Mole of NaOH = 0.103 × 0.0465
Mole of NaOH = 0.00479 mole
Finally, we shall determine the molar mass of the unknown diprotic acid. Details below:
Balanced equation:
H₂X + 2NaOH —> Na₂X + 2H₂O
Note: H₂X is the diprotic acid
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of NaOH reacted with 1 mole of H₂X.
Therefore,
0.00479 mole of NaOH will react with = 0.00479 / 2 = 0.002395 mole of H₂X.
Mole of diprotic acid = 0.002395 moleMass of diprotic acid = 0.104 gMolar mass of diprotic acid =?Molar mass = mass / mole
Molar mass of diprotic acid = 0.104 / 0.002395
Molar mass of diprotic acid = 43.42 g/mol
Thus, the molar mass of the diprotic acid is 43.42 g/mol
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Would the metal leaf electroscope work if the terminal were made from an insulating material? Explain your answer.
No it would not work because an insulator stops electrons from moving from moving to atom to atom so there is no way to get a charge to the metal leaves
What is metal leaf electroscope
Gold leaf electroscop has two gold leafs suspended from a metal(usually brass) stem in a vacuumed glass jar and connected to a metal cap. The glass is grounded with the help of a metal foil to make it uncharged. It can be used to:
Detect charge: Body under test is touched with the metal cap. If the leaves diverge, the body is charged and if there is no effect on leaves, then the body is uncharged.
To identify the nature of charge: The electroscope is charged by a known body(say positively charged body) and then the body is removed. Next, the body under test is brought in contact with the metal cap. If the leaves diverge further, the body has same charge(positive) and if the leaves come closer to each other, the body has opposite charge(negative).
Identify a body as conductor or insulator: Take two electroscopes. Charge one of the electroscopes so that its leaves will diverge. Then, connect the two electroscopes by the object under test. If the leaves of other electroscope diverge, the body is a conductor and if there is no effect on the electroscopes, the body is an insulator.
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_______or incoming solar radiation, reaches us by radiation.
A. insolation
B. weather
C. air
D. conduction
E. ozone
F. ecological
G. atmosphere
H. sun
I. convection
J. tilts
Answer:
A) Insolation
Explanation:
"the amount of solar radiation reaching a given area"
Answer:
A. Insolation
Explanation:
Incoming ultraviolet, visible, and a limited portion of infrared energy (together sometimes called "shortwave radiation") from the Sun drive the Earth's climate system.
so the answer is A.Insolation
Please someone figure these out for me
A replacement reaction is one wherein a set of atoms is replaced by another atom in a molecule. In the given reactions is 2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl is not a replacement reaction.
What is displacement reaction?A displacement reaction also known as a replacement reaction can be defined as one wherein an atom is displaced by another atom in a molecule. For example, when iron (Fe) is added to a solution of copper sulfate (CuSO₄), it displaces the copper (Cu) metal.
A single replacement reaction can be described as a kind of redox reaction when an element moves out of a compound, one element is replaced by the other in its own compound.
[tex]A +BC\longrightarrow AB +C[/tex]
Double replacement reactions take place mostly in aqueous solutions wherein the ions precipitate and the exchange of ions occurs. The double replacement reaction can be represented as:
[tex]AB +CD\longrightarrow AC +BD[/tex]
Therefore, option (D) is correct.
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you have a 10.0 liter container containing 3.0 moles of an ideal gas at 5.00 atmospheres of pressure and at 37 degrees celsius. what will be the new pressure of the container if its volume is decreased to 4.00 liters while the temperature is increased to 100 degrees celsius?
10.0 liter container containing 3.0 moles of an ideal gas at 5.00 atmospheres of pressure and at 37 C. 78 dalton will be the new pressure of the container if its volume is decreased to 4.00 liters while the temperature is increased to 100 C.
Atmospheric pressure, often known as barometric pressure, refers to the pressure present in Earth's atmosphere (after the barometer). 101,325 Pa (1,013.25 hPa), or 1013.25 millibars, 760 mm Hg, 29,9212 inches Hg, or 14.696 psi, is the definition of the standard atmosphere, or atm. One atmosphere, or one atm, is about similar to the average atmospheric pressure at sea level on Earth. The hydrostatic pressure that results from the weight of the air above the measuring point is typically a close approximation of atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure decreases as height increases because there is less air mass at lower elevations. due to the thinness of the atmosphere in comparison to the Earth's radius. The Earth's gravitational acceleration, which is thought to be constant with regard to height, is largely to blame for this fall-off. The SI unit for pressure is the pascal, which is equal to 1 newton per square meter (1 N/m2). A column of air with a cross-sectional area of 1 square centimeter (cm2) has an average mass of about 1.03 kilogram and exerts a force or "weight" of about 10.1 newtons, translating to a pressure of 10.1 N/cm2 or 101 kN/m2 from mean sea level to the top of Earth's atmosphere (101 kilopascals, kPa). A column of air would weigh around 14.7 lbf and impose a pressure of 14.7 lbf/in with a cross-sectional area of 1 in2.
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a planet has an atmosphere with an average molar mass of 28.6 gmol as well as a surface temperature of 95k and pressure of 1.6 atm. what is the density of this planet's atmosphere?
The density of this planet's atmosphere is 5.86kg/m³.
What is the air's density in our planet?At sea level, the density of the air is roughly 1.2 kg/m3 (1.2 g/L, 0.0012 g/cm3). Utilizing measurements of temperature, pressure, and humidity, density is calculated instead of being directly measured (a form of the ideal gas law). As altitude rises, the density of the atmosphere declines.
Given,
Molar mass = 28.6 gmoL
Temperature = 95k
Pressure = 1.6atm
Density of this planet's atmosphere = MP/RT
Density of this planet's atmosphere = 28.6×1.6/0.0821×95
Density of this planet's atmosphere = 45.76/7.8
Density of this planet's atmosphere = 5.86kg/m³.
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What is the specific heat ratio of argon?
1.667 is the specific heat ratio of argon.
Specific heat is the amount of energy needed to increase a substance's temperature by one degree Celsius per gramme. Typically, the units of specific heat are calories or joules per gramme per degree Celsius. The specific heat of water, for instance, is 1 calorie (or 4.186 joules) per gramme per degree Celsius. A substance's capacity to absorb or release heat energy when the temperature changes by 1 K is measured by its specific heat, which is also known as specific heat capacity. The interior temperature will be more consistently stable the higher the specific heat is.
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how many molecules is 1.65 moles of Ba(NO3)2
The mole, which is denoted by the symbol "mol". 0.0063 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂ molecules is 1.65 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂.
What is mole ?The mole, which is denoted by the symbol "mol," is the volume of a system that includes as many elementary particles as there are atoms in 0.012 kilograms of carbon 12.
6.022 × 10²³ units of a material makeup one mole of that substance. The term "Avogadro's number" or "Avogadro's constant" refers to the number 6.022 1023. To convert between mass and the quantity of particles, use the mole concept.
The molar mass of Ba(NO₃)₂ is
137.3 + 2 (14.0) + 6 (16)
= 261.3 grams/mole
The molar mass, abbreviated M in chemistry, is a physical property represented by the mass of a particular component divided by the component's quantity. Grams/mole is always used to indicate the molar masses.
The number of moles can be as follows :
1.65 grams ÷ 261.3 g/mol
= 0.0063 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂.
Thus, 0.0063 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂ molecules is 1.65 moles of Ba(NO₃)₂.
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no single theory of bonding accounts for everything that chemists observe about covalent bonds. true false
Given statement is True, No single theory of bonding accounts for everything that chemists observe about covalent bonds. According to the valence bond theory, side-by-side bonds are called pi bonds.
The strongest bonds are those that form along the axis. Side-by-side overlap of orbitals produces a stronger bond than end-to-end overlap.A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs. Covalent bonding also includes many kinds of interactions, including σ-bonding, π-bonding, metal-to-metal bonding, agostic interactions, bent bonds, three-center two-electron bonds and three-center four-electron bonds
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Which is most reactive towards bromine water?
The most common compounds that react well with bromine water are phenols, alkenes, enols, the acetyl group, aniline, and glucose.
Bromine water is an oxidizing, intense brown mixture containing diatomic bromine (Br2) dissolved in water (H2O). It is often used as a reactive in chemical assays of recognition for substances which react with bromine in an aqueous environment with the halogenation mechanism, mainly unsaturated carbon compounds (carbon compounds with 1 or more double or triple bond(s)).
The most common compounds that react well with bromine water are phenols, alkenes, enols, the acetyl group, aniline, and glucose. In addition, bromine water is commonly used to test for the presence of an alkene which contains a double covalent bond, reacting with the bromine water, changing its color from an intense yellow to a colorless solution.
Bromine water is also commonly used to check for the presence of an aldehyde group in compounds. In this reaction, the color of bromine water is changed to yellow from colorless (oxidation process).
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Find the binding energy of carbon-12 per nucleon. The mass of a proton is 1.007276 u, of a neutron 1.008665 u, and of carbon 11.996706 u.
The binding energy of carbon-12 per nucleon. The mass of a proton is 1.007276 u, of a neutron 1.008665 u, and of carbon 11.996706 u is 7.94 MeV.
given that :
mass of protons = 1.007276 u
mass of neutrons = 1.008665 u
mass of carbon = 11.996706 u
mass of electron = 0.00055 u
the atomic mass of ¹²C₆ = 6 × 1.00758 + 6 × 1.00893 + 6 ×0.00055
= 12.10236 u
the mass defect = 11.996706 u - 12.10236 u
= 0.105654 u
The binding energy = 0.105654 × 931 = 95.30 MeV
binding energy per nucleon = 95.30 / 12
= 7.94 MeV
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What is the STP equation?
The STP equation is Pressure , P = 1 atm , Temperature , T = 273.15 K.
The ideal gas equation is given as :
P V = n R T
where,
P = pressure of the gas = 1 atm
V = volume of the gas
n = 1 mol
R = constant = 0.823 atm L / mol K
T = temperature = 273.15 K
V = n R T / P
V = (1 × 0.082 ×273.15 ) / 1
V = 22.4 L
thus, at STP , that is standard temperature and the pressure, the volume is 22.4 L.
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1.How much Au can be obtained from 136.8g of Au2S?
2.How much H can be obtained from 4,569g of H2O2?
Mole measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. Therefore, 126.05g of Au can be obtained from 136.8g of Au[tex]_2[/tex]S.
What is mole?The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity or amount of substance. We know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number.
Mathematically,
mole =given mass ÷ molar mass
Molar mass of Au[tex]_2[/tex]S = 425.9g/mol
given mass of Au[tex]_2[/tex]S = 136.8g
moles of Au[tex]_2[/tex]S = 136.8÷ 425.9
=0.32moles
Moles of Au in Au[tex]_2[/tex]S= 2×0.32moles
= 0.64moles
mass of Au= moles of Au×Molar mass of Au
= 0.64×196.96
= 126.05g
Therefore, 126.05g of Au can be obtained from 136.8g of Au[tex]_2[/tex]S.
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When a sample of aluminum absorbed 9. 85 j of heat, its temperature increased from 23. 2oc to 30. 5oc. The mass of the sample was ___ g. (specific heat of al is 0. 90 j/g. Oc).
1.50g was the sample's weight.
What is heat in reality?The movement of minuscule atoms, molecules, or electrons in solids, liquids, and gases produces heat energy. From one thing to another, excess heat can be exchanged. Heat is the flow or transfer that occurs as a result of the temperature differential between two objects.
Briefing:
From the question, we have
q= 9.86 J
C = 0.90 J/g-K
Temperature ΔT = ( 30.5 ºC - 23.2 ºC ) = 7.3 ºC = 7.3 K
The heat (q) absorbed is,
q = m x C x ΔT
m= q/ (C x ΔT)
m = 9.86 J / ( 0.90 J/g-K ) x 7.3 K ) = 1.50 g
The mass of the sample = 1.50 g
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select the intermolecular force that is overcome when hexane is converted from a liquid to a gas.
a. dipole-dipole forces
b. London dispersion forces
c. ion-dipole forces
d. hydrogen bonding
London dispersion forces are the elementary particle that is defeated during the transformation of hexane from a liquid to a gas.
The correct answer is B
What produces the dispersion forces in London?The coulombic interactions of instantaneous dipoles lead to London dispersion forces. All molecules (and atoms) exhibit dispersion forces, which are typically higher for heavier, more polarizable, and molecules with bigger area areas.
How are the forces of London organized?Uneven electron distribution within an atom leads to London dispersion forces. On either side of atom, this causes a little negative () and slightly positive () charge. A transient dipole has been set up. This transient dipole can cause a transient dipole on an atom or molecule nearby.
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what are harmonics ? which characteristic of a sound do they determine?
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
Harmonics are additional frequencies that are present in a complex sound wave, in addition to the fundamental frequency. The fundamental frequency is the lowest, or "base," frequency of the sound, and it determines the pitch of the sound. The harmonics, on the other hand, determine the timbre, or "tone color," of the sound.
For example, the sound of a guitar string being plucked will have a fundamental frequency that determines the pitch of the note, but it will also have harmonics that give the note its characteristic "guitar-like" sound. Different instruments and voices produce different sets of harmonics, which is why they all have their own unique timbres.
In musical terms, harmonics can refer to the overtones, or higher-pitched frequencies, that are present in a musical note. These overtones can be used to create chords and other musical structures, and they play a crucial role in the way that music sounds to our ears.
How is the process of converting kiwi into plasticware evidence of a chemical reaction?.
Chemical reaction to biomass, like kiwi, into synthetic materials, like plastic, impact society because kiwi is biodegradable but plastic is not.
The series of chemical reactions used to change natural resources into synthetic products is termed chemical synthesis. Synthetic materials are formed when humans mix substances together for the purpose of creating new materials with desirable properties. Synthetic materials are produced by chemically changing the initial substances to create some material with different characteristics. Some of the best examples of synthetic materials are plastics and medicines. A synthetic substance may or may not be chemically identical to a naturally-occurring substance.
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under constant-pressure conditions a sample of hydrogen gas initially at and is cooled until its final volume is . what is its final temperature? round your answer to significant digits.
Under constant-pressure conditions a sample of hydrogen gas initially at and is cooled until its final volume is V, its final temperature is -25 C.
The letter H and atomic number 1 stand for the chemical element hydrogen. Hydrogen gas is the lightest element. Hydrogen is typically a gas with the formula H2 made up of diatomic molecules. It is very flammable, tasteless, colorless, odorless, and non-toxic. Hydrogen is the most common chemical in the universe, accounting for around 75% of all ordinary matter. Most stars, including the Sun, are composed primarily of plasma hydrogen. On Earth, hydrogen mostly manifests itself as organic and water molecules. The most common isotope of hydrogen, 1H, has one proton, one electron, and no neutrons in each of its atoms. Hydrogen is a nonmetallic element that, barring extremely high pressures, can easily form a single covalent bond with the majority of other nonmetallic elements to produce molecules like water and nearly all organic compounds. Hydrogen plays a special role in acid-base reactions because these reactions usually involve the exchange of protons between soluble molecules. Hydrogen can exist in ionic compounds as either a positively charged (or cation) species known as a hydride or a negatively charged (or anion) species known as an anion.
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if the volume of the container is doubled while the temperature remains constant, by how much does the entropy of the gas increase?
Entropy will increase by 0.693 isothermal process.
What is isothermal process?The temperature of the system is constant (T = const) during an isothermal process, which is a thermodynamic process.
In order to maintain constant temperature control with the reservoir through heat exchange, the heat transfer into or out of the system normally needs to occur at such a slow rate. The thermal equilibrium is preserved in each of these states.
We know that
ΔS=nRln (V1/V2)
if V1=2V2 then it will become nR2ln.
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a buffer solution contains 0.301 m khco3 and 0.288 m k2co3. if 0.0273 moles of sodium hydroxide are added to 125 ml of this buffer, what is the ph of the resulting solution ? (assume that the volume does not change upon adding sodium hydroxide)
The pH of the resulting solution is 9.96 that can be calculated by using the using the pOH values.
Buffer Solution is a water solvent primarily based totally answer which includes a combination containing a vulnerable acid and the conjugate base of the vulnerable acid, or a vulnerable base and the conjugate acid of the vulnerable base. They face up to a alternate in pH upon dilution or upon the addition of small quantities of acid/alkali to them.
Millimoles of NH3 = 0.316 x 250 = 79
Millimoles of NH4Br = 0.339 x 250 = 84.75
Millimoles of KOH = 57.3
pOH = pKb + log [salt - C / base + C]
= 4.74 + log [84.75 - 57.3 / 79 + 57.3]
= 4.04
pH + pOH=14
pH=14-4.04
pH = 9.96
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sorption is which type of phenomenon
Answer:
Sorption is a concomitant phenomenon of adsorption and absorption. Adsorption describes the phenomenon in which molecules that are present in a fluid (liquid or gas), concentrated spontaneously on a solid surface by a finite time. Sorption is a concomitant phenomenon of adsorption and absorption.
hcl(g) and nh3(g) react to form nh4cl, a white solid. if nh3(g) and hcl(g) are introduced at opposite ends of a 60.0cm tube, how far from the hcl end will the white ring of nh4cl form?
The white ring of the NH₄Cl is formed at 24.3cm far from Hcl end.
What is grahams law of diffusion?
According to Graham's law, a gas's rate of diffusion or effusion is inversely related to the square root of its molar mass.
What is solid?
Solid ground is a substance that is hard, firm, or compact. having relative firmness, particle coherence, or form permanence as matter that is not liquid or gaseous: solid particles suspended in a liquid. regarding such a matter: Ice is water when it's solid.
According to grahams law of diffusion, rate of diffusion is inversely propotional to square root of its density and molar mass.
r ∝ 1/ [tex]\sqrt{d}[/tex] and γ ∝ 1/ [tex]\sqrt{M}[/tex]
γ NH₃/ γ HCl = [tex]\sqrt{M HCl / M NH3}[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{36.5/17}[/tex]
1.465/ 1
given that
tube length = 60.0cm
We known that rate = distance / time
Time = distance / rate
let X be the distance travelled by HCl and
60-X be the distance travelled by NH₃
Time taken for HCl = Distance travelled by HCl/ rate of diffusion of Hcl
Time taken for NH₃ = Distance travelled by NH₃ / rate of diffusion of Hcl
Since both gases are introduced at the same time and travelled same time
distance travelled by HCl (dHCl) / rate of diffusion of HCl = distance travelled by NH₃ ( dNH₃) / rate of diffusion of NH₃ (r NH₃ )
γ NH₃ / γ HCl = d NH₃ / d HCl = 60-X /X = 1.465/1
60-X = 1.465X
60=2.465X
X=60/ 2.465= 24.34 cm
Therefore, white ring of the NH₄Cl is formed at 24.3cm far from Hcl end.
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34.9 which etching process produces the more anisotropic etch in ic fabrication: (a) plasma etching or (b) wet chemical etching?
The plasma etching is the etching process produces the more anisotropic etching in fabrication.
What is anisotropic?
In contrast to isotropy, a material's ability to alter or take on various qualities in different directions
What is etching process ?
Chemical etching is a type of engraving that removes material from metal while also etching a permanent image using a high-pressure, high-temperature chemical spray. To generate the desired picture, the material's surface is covered with a mask or resist, which is then carefully peeled off, revealing the metal.
Therefore, plasma etching is the etching process produces the more anisotropic etching in fabrication.
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