The power of the flash is [tex]2.36 * 10^{-9} W[/tex].
First we calculate the energy of a single photon; i.e.
[tex]E_{1} = hc/\alpha[/tex]
where, h = planck's constant = [tex]6.63 * 10^{-34} Js[/tex]
c = speed of light = [tex]3 * 10^{8} m/s[/tex]
[tex]\alpha[/tex] = wavelength = 490 nm = [tex]4.9 * 10^{-7} m[/tex]
Putting these values in equation, we get
[tex]E_{1} = 4.05 * 10^{-19} J[/tex]
Total energy is given by, E=Pt
where, P = power and t= time
Now number of photons is given by : N = E/[tex]E_{1}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]NE_{1} = E[/tex]
⇒ [tex]NE_{1} /t = P[/tex]
Given, N = [tex]1.4*10^{10}[/tex] and t = 2.4 s
Putting these values in above equation we get P = [tex]2.36 * 10^{-9} W[/tex]
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When ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 400 nm falls on a certain metal surface, the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons is 1.10 ev. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons when light of wavelength 300.0 nm falls on the same surface?
1.47$ eV is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons when the light of wavelength 300.0 nm falls on the metal surface.
The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is directly proportional to the frequency of the incident light. The frequency of light with a wavelength of 400 nm is given by the formula
$f=c/\lambda$, where $c$ is the speed of light and $\lambda$ is the wavelength of the light.Plugging in the values, we get $f=3.00 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s}/400\text{ nm}=7.50 \times 10^{14}$ Hz.
The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons when the light of this frequency falls on the metal surface is 1.10 eV.
The maximum kinetic energy when light with a frequency of
$f'=3.00 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s}/300.0\text{ nm}=10^{15}$ Hzfalls on the metal surface is therefore given by the formula
$E'=E\frac{f'}{f}=1.10\text{ eV}\frac{10^{15}\text{ Hz}}{7.50 \times 10^{14}\text{ Hz}}=1.47$ eV.Note: This assumes that the other conditions (such as the intensity of the light and the material of the metal surface) are the same in both cases. If these conditions change, the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons will also change.
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in the 1990s, the galileo orbiter observed a phenomenon when it passed by europa, which was interpreted as evidence of an ocean beneath the ice shell. what was this phenomenon?
The magnetic field was a phenomenon that the Galileo orbiter noticed when it sailed near Europa.
what was this phenomenon?When the Galileo orbiter sailed by Europa, it noticed a magnetic field as a phenomena. When the orbiter flew near Europa's south pole, this behaviour was observed.The magnetic field that was discovered was significantly more intense than anticipated. This occurrence revealed the existence of a sizable liquid body, later assumed to be an ocean, behind the ice crust of Europa.The magnetic field, according to scientific theory, is produced by electric currents that travel through Europa's ocean and interact with Jupiter's magnetic field.The discovery that an ocean existed beneath Europa's ice crust was made possible in large part by this occurrence.To learn more about The magnetic field refer to:
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What magnetic field strength will allow the electrons to pass through without being deflected? assume that the magnetic field is confined to the region between the electrodes.
The magnetic field strength required for electrons to pass through without being deflected is zero.
Assuming that the magnetic field is confined to the region between the electrodes, the magnetic field strength necessary to allow the electrons to pass through without being deflected depends on the velocity of the electrons. The higher the velocity of the electrons, the higher the strength of the magnetic field is required to deflect them. For example, if the electrons are moving at a velocity of 10,000 meters per second, then the magnetic field strength needed to deflect them would be approximately 0.05 Tesla.
The strength of the magnetic field is also affected by the distance between the electrodes. The greater the distance between the electrodes, the higher the field strength is necessary to deflect the electrons. For example, if the distance between the electrodes is increased from 1 cm to 10 cm, then the magnetic field strength needed to deflect the electrons would increase from 0.05 Tesla to 0.5 Tesla.
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assume that the total energy e of an electron greatly exceeds its rest energy. if a photon has a wavelength equal to the de broglie wavelength of the electron, what is the photon's energy?
Photon energy is denoted by hc/lamda. If we consider that an electron's total energy e is much more than its rest energy. Additionally, the de Broglie wavelength of an electron.
Is the same as the wavelength of a photon. One photon's energy is referred to as photon energy. Energy is inversely proportional to wavelength and directly proportional to the electromagnetic frequency of the photon. The frequency of a photon determines its energy. The energy of a photon decreases according to its wavelength. In physics, the wavelength is the length over which a periodic wave repeats, or its spatial period. It is the separation between adjacent spots on a wave that correspond to the same phase.
Photon energy is denoted by hc/lamda.
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a type of cuckoo clock keeps time by having a mass bouncing on a spring, usually something cute like a cherub in a chair. what spring constant is needed to produce a period of 0.500 s for a 0.0150-kg mass?
The spring constant needed to produce a period of 0.5 s for a 0.015 kg is 2.37 N/m.
The period of spring-mass system is proportional to the square root of mass and inversely proportional to the spring constant.
We know the equation for time period as, T = 2π √(m/k)
where, T is the time period in sec
m is the mass in kg
k is the spring constant
Let us make k as the subject from the above formula,
Spring constant k = (4π² * m)/ T²
⇒ 4* (3.14)² * 0.015/ (0.5)² = 2.37 N/m
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A 8.0-m long wire with a mass of 10 g is under tension. a transverse wave for which the frequency is 570 hz, the wavelength is 0.10 m, and the amplitude is 3.7 mm is propagating on the wire. the maximum transverse acceleration of a point on a wire is closest to:_______.
The maximum transverse acceleration of a point on a wire is closest to 4.7*10³ m/s².
Calculation :
The maximum transverse acceleration ,
A = 3.7mm = 3.7*10⁻³ m
a=Aw²
w = 2πf
=(2π)(570)
w = 3.581*10³
w² = 12.826*10⁶
a = (3.7*10⁻³ m)(12.826*10⁶)
a = 4.7*10³ m/s².
In mechanics, acceleration is the price of exchange of an item's pace with appreciate to time. Acceleration is a vector quantity (as lengthy because it has magnitude and direction. The direction of an item's acceleration is given by means of the path of the net pressure performing on that object. As described in Newton's second law. the significance of an object's acceleration is the combined effect of two assets.
Acceleration inside the car's contemporary route of journey is known as linear (or tangential, within the case of circular movement) acceleration, and the passenger perceives that response as pushing returned into the seat. Acceleration acting while changing direction is called radial (or centripetal in the case of circular motion) acceleration, and passengers revel in the response as centrifugal pressure.
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Large stars can explode as they finish burning their nuclear fuel, causing a supernova. the explosion blows away the outer layers of the star. according to newton’s third law, the forces that push the outer layers away have reaction forces that are inwardly directed on the core of the star. these forces compress the core and can cause the core to undergo a gravitational collapse. the gravitational forces keep pulling all the matter together tighter and tighter, crushing atoms out of existence. under these extreme conditions, a proton and an electron can be squeezed together to form a neutron. if the collapse is halted when the neutrons all come into contact with each other, the result is an object called a neutron star, an entire star consisting of solid nuclear matter. many neutron stars rotate about their axis with a period of ≈1s and, as they do so, send out a pulse of electromagnetic waves once a second. these stars were discovered in the 1960s and are called pulsars.What is the speed of a point on the equator of the star?
So our solar is honestly a median star, so it is now no longer mainly big or very small at all.
So common stars do not have sufficient mass to blow up on the quit in their lives neutron stars, the pressure of gravity has beaten the resistance of electrons to compression and has compelled them to mix with protons to shape neutrons. Even the nuclei of atoms are obliterated on this process, and subsequently the collective resistance of neutrons to compression halts the collapse.
Large stars can explode as they end burning their nuclear fuel, inflicting a supernova. The explosion blows away the outer layers of the star. According to Newton's 1/3 law, the forces that push the outer layers away have response forces which can be inwardly directed at the center of the star.
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0.040-kg ice cube at 0c is placed in an insulated boc that contains 0.0075kg of steam at 100c what is the equilirbium temperature reached by this colosed
Using Conservation of energy property
The equilibrium temperature reached is T = 33.8 C
What is Conservation of energy?According to the rule of conservation of energy, the overall energy of an isolated system stays constant over time. According to this law, which first suggested and tested, energy can only be changed or moved from one form to another and cannot be generated or destroyed. For instance, when a stick of dynamite explodes, chemical energy is transformed into kinetic energy. One can calculate the precise reduction in chemical energy in the dynamite's combustion by adding up all the energies released during the explosion, including the kinetic and potential energy of the fragments, heat, and sound.
Heat given off by steam = Heat absorbed by ice
Qs = Qi
[tex]Qs = 0.0075(22.6\ X\ 10^5) + 0.0075(4186)(100-T)\\Qi = 0.040(3.34\ X\ 10^5) + 0.040(4186)(T-0)[/tex]
where
T = equilibrium temperature of the system
Since Qs = Qi,
[tex]0.0075(22.6\ X\ 10^5) + 0.0075(4186)(100 - T) = 0.040(3.34\ X\ 10^5) + 0.040(4186)(T - 0)[/tex]
[tex]0.1695\ X\ 10^5 + 31.395(100 - T) = 0.1336\ X\ 10^5 + 167.44(T)[/tex]
Simplifying,
[tex]0.1695\ X\ 10^5 + 3139.5 - 31.395T = 0.1336\ X\ 10^5 + 167.44T[/tex]
Combining terms,
[tex]167.44T + 31.395T = 0.1695\ X\ 10^5 - 0.1336\ X\ 10^5 + 0.031395\ X\ 10^5[/tex]
and solving for T,
T = 33.8 C
Using Conservation of energy property
The equilibrium temperature reached is T = 33.8 C
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If a muon is traveling at 70% the speed of light, how long will it take to decay in the observer's rest frame (i. E. , what is the observed lifetime)?.
A muon takes to decay in the observer's rest frame is 3.08 μs.
A muon is an unstable subatomic particle that decays into other particles with a mean lifetime of 2.20 μs. This is in the muon reference frame.
The formula for the relativistic factor
[tex]\gamma \:=\: \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 \:-\: (\frac{v}{c})^2}}[/tex]
v = muon's speed = 70% c = 0.7cc = the speed of lightγ = the relativistic factor[tex]\gamma \:=\: \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 \:-\: (\frac{0.7c}{c})^2}}[/tex]
[tex]\gamma \:=\: \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 \:-\: 0.7^2}}[/tex]
[tex]\gamma \:=\: \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 \:-\: 0.49}}[/tex]
[tex]\gamma \:=\: \frac{1}{\sqrt{0.51}}[/tex]
[tex]\gamma \:=\: \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 \:-\: 0.7^2}}[/tex]
[tex]\gamma \:=\: \frac{1}{0.714}[/tex]
γ = 1.4
Relativistic time interval formula
t = γ t₀
t₀ = the time according muon reference frame = 2.20 μst = the time according to the observer's rest framet = 1.4 × 2.2
t = 3.08 μs
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planet x has a mass of m and a radius of r. planet y has a mass of 3m and a radius of 3r. identical satellites orbit both planets at a distance r above their surfaces, as shown above. the planets are separated by such a large distance that the gravitational forces between them are negligible. question how does the gravitational field gx at the surface of planet x compare with the gravitational field gy at the surface of planet y?
The gravitational field on planet y is one-third that on planet x.
What is a gravitational field?A gravitational field is athe rgion around a mass where the effect of its gravitational force is felt.
How to find how the gravitational field gx at the surface of planet x compare with the gravitational field gy at the surface of planet y?Since planet x has a mass of m and a radius of r. planet y has a mass of 3m and a radius of 3r. identical satellites orbit both planets at a distance r above their surfaces. To find how their gravitational fields compare, we find the magnitude of their gravitational acceleration g
The gravitational acceleration is given by g = GM/R² where
G = universal gravitational constant, M = mass of planet and R = radius of planetFor planet x, we have that
M = m and R = rSo, substituting the values of the variables into the equation, its gravitational acceleration is gx = GM/R²
gx = Gm/r²
For planet y, we have that
M = 3m and R = 3rSo, substituting the values of the variables into the equation, its gravitational acceleration is g = GM/R²
= G(3m)/(3r)²
= 3Gm/9r²
= Gm/3r²
Since gx = Gm/r², we have that
gy = Gm/3r²
= (Gm/r²)/3
= gx/3
So, the gravitational field on planet y is one-third that on planet x.
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If the mass of the crate is doubled but the initial velocity is not changed, what distance does the crate slide before stopping?.
If the path is frictionless than doubling the mass of the crate and keeping the initial velocity and changed will not change the distance of stopping of the crate.
The stopping distance of anybody sliding on a frictionless path is given by the relation,
D = U²/2a
Where,
D is the stopping distance,
U is the initial velocity and,
a is the acceleration of the body.
As we can see from the above relation that the mass of the body does not alters the stopping distance of the body.
So, here we can conclude that if if mass of the crate is doubled but the initial velocity is not changed, then the distance of stopping of the create will not change.
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a softball player leaves the batter's box, overruns first base by 3.0 meters, and then returns to first base. compared to the total distance traveled by the player, the magnitude of the player's total displacement from the batter's box is
His run covered a distance of 6 meters more than his displacement. Only the terminal points determine displacement. Displacement is unrelated to the path travelled.
Let the distance to the first base be x m.
Given: x m is the distance to the first base.
Thus, distance, after overrun, equals x + 3 m.
Distance after returning is therefore equal to
x + 3 + 3 = x + 6 m.
Displacement is now equal to
x + 3 - 3 (going back) = x m.
Because x + 6 > x, displacement equals distance.
the magnitude of the player's total displacement from the batter's box is
6 meters.
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five time constants are required to fully charge or discharge a capacitor. group of answer choices true false
A capacitor can only be fully charged or discharged after five time constants. It is accurate to say this.
Let Q0 represent the maximum charge.
where t is the length of time, and is the speed of time.
The sum of the equal resistance R and capacitance comparable C is used to indicate the time constant for the RC circuit.
(τ=RC)
Q=Q0(1−e−t/τ)
Q=Q0(1−e−t/RC)
In the exact similar RC circuit, a capacitor's discharge equation can be obtained as
Q= Q0e−t/τ
Q=Q0e−t/RC
Both expressions make it obvious that the exact same time constant is employed for the capacitor's charging and discharging processes.
Consequently, the assertion is accurate.
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during most of its lifetime, a star maintains an equilibrium size in which the inward force of gravity on each atom is balanced by an outward pressure force due to the heat of the nuclear reactions in the core. but after all the hydrogen fuel is consumed by nuclear fusion, the pressure force drops and the star undergoes a gravitational collapse until it becomes a neutron star. in a neutron star, the electrons and protons of the atoms are squeezed together by gravity until they fuse into neutrons. neutron stars spin very rapidly and emit intense pulses of radio and light waves, one pulse per rotation. these pulsing stars were discovered in the 1960s and are called pulsars.
Pulsing stars were discovered in the 1960s and are called pulsars:
From the conservation of angualr momentum :
Li = Lf
I_i w_i = i_f w_f
( 2/5 m R_i^2 ) w_i = ( 2/5 m R_f^2) wf
R_f = R_i sqrt w_i/ w_f
=2.82 * 10^6 m/s
Momentum is fabricated from the mass of a particle and its velocity. Momentum is a vector amount; i.e., it has both significance and course. Isaac Newton's second regulation of motion states that the time rate of exchange of momentum is equal to the force appearing on the particle.
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when you look at a distant galaxy through a telescope, how is it that you're looking backward in time?
find the radius of the event horizon and the density of the stellar mass black hole with mass equal to m
The radius of the event horizon (proportional to the mass) is very small, only 30 kilometers for a non-spinning black hole with the mass of 10 Suns.
The Schwarzschild Radius, which honors Karl Schwarzschild, is the more accurate designation for the event horizon. The Schwarzschild Radius has the formula Rs = 2GM/c2. "M" stands for the black hole's mass, "c" for the speed of light, and "G" stands for the gravitational constant (6.67 x 10-11 m3/(kg x s2)). The supermassive black hole at the Milky Way's Galactic Center has a Schwarzschild radius of roughly 12 million kilometers. It has a mass of roughly 4.1 million M. The physical quantity known as the Schwarzschild radius, also known as the gravitational radius, is used to define the Schwarzschild black hole's event horizon in the Schwarzschild solution to Einstein's field equations. It is a characteristic radius associated with any quantity of mass.
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A ball rolls without slipping down incline a, starting from rest. At the same time, a box starts from rest and slides down incline b, which is identical to incline a except that it is frictionless. Which arrives at the bottom first?.
The arrival of box and ball at the bottom will depend on the mass of the box as mass of box may be larger than mass of ball.
This is on the grounds that the impact that the frictional force have relies upon the mass, the point likewise have an extraordinary impact in the response, however it appears it's anything but a choice, merits seeing that the mass doesn't have impact in the ball moving given that the erosion is just mindful of the rolling.
The force which becomes possibly the most important factor at whatever point two articles come in touch and slide over one another is known as the frictional force. In easier words, the force which discourages movement while interacting with one more item is known as Rubbing or Frictional force. This force. extraordinarily fluctuates according to the surface of the surface which is in touch.
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8. A skydiver, with a weight on Earth of 1470 N, jumps on a foreign planet and after 5 seconds the net force acting an him is 600 N downward as he encounters an alien air resistance of 300 N. What is gravity on this alien planet?
The gravity on this alien planet is 3.8 m/s².
What is the gravity on this alien planet?
The gravity on this alien planet is calculated by applying Newton's second law of motion.
F = mg
where;
m is the mass of the skydiverg is acceleration due to gravity on the alien planetThe mass of the skydiver is calculated from his weight on Earth
m = ( 1470 N ) / (9.8 m/s²)
m = 150 kg
The weight of the skydiver on the alien planet is calculated as follows;
W = 1470 N - (600 N + 300 N)
W = 570 N
The acceleration due to gravity on the alien plane is calculated as follows;
g = 570 N / 150 kg
g = 3.8 m/s²
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A stove burner applies 9000J of thermal energy to a system causing an increase of 6000J. What happened to the other 3000?
The other 3000J of energy was lost as heat to the surroundings.
What happened to the rest of the energy?We know from the first law of thermodynamics that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be converted from one form to the other. Thus the we are told in the question that a stove burner applies 9000J of thermal energy to a system causing an increase of 6000J.
The other 3000 J of energy could not have disappeared into thin air because in that case there would be a violation of the first law of thermodynamics as energy is destroyed.
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a block lies on a smooth inclined plane tilted at an angle of 35e to the horizontal. (a) draw the free-body diagram for the block. (b) determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane. (c) if the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline. (d) how long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?
a) The block is acted on by the force of gravity directed downward and the normal force due to the inclined plane directed perpendicular to the inclined surface.
(b) The block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane is 5.6 m/s².
(c) The block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline is 9.7 m/s.
(d) The block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane is 1.7 s.
In physics, gravity is an essential interaction that reasons mutual enchantment among all things with mass or energy. Gravity is, by a long way, the weakest of the 4 fundamental interactions, approximately 1038 times weaker than the sturdy interplay, 1036 times weaker than the electromagnetic pressure, and 1029 times weaker than the vulnerable interplay. As a result, it has no giant effect on the extent of subatomic debris. but, gravity is the maximum extensive interplay among items on the macroscopic scale, and it determines the movement of planets, stars, galaxies, and even mild.
Gravity additionally has many critical organic capabilities, supporting manual the growth of plants through the technique of gravitropism and influencing the circulation of fluids in multicellular organisms. research into the results of weightlessness has proven that gravity might also play a function in immune machine characteristics and cell differentiation in the human frame.
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a hydraulic lift is being used to elevate a car. the right side of the lift has a larger area than the left. when the two pistons are at the same vertical height, which side of the lift has higher pressure?
A hydraulic lift is being used to elevate a car. The left side of the lift has higher pressure.
We know that, Pressure = Force/ Area
Pressure and area are inversely proportional to each other.
We need to find out the relation between pressures and areas of the two pistons.
So, P₁ A₁ = P₂ A₂
Let the right side of the lift that has larger area is A₂.
Hence, A₂ > A₁
As pressure and area are inversely proportional to each other, to balance the equation, P₂ should have lesser pressure as A₁ is less than A₂.
Thus, P₁ is greater than P₂ and the left side of the lift has greater pressure.
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If there are countless billions of stars and galaxies out there, then why does the night sky appear mostly black?
The majority of the sky is black because of light pollution, which also occasionally makes the sky seem lighter than it ought to be and has numerous other detrimental consequences on the environment. Light pollution also obscures the stars.
What is a Galaxy?A galaxy is a collection of stars, stellar debris, intergalactic gas, dust, and gravitational waves that are gravitationally bonded together.
The phrase comes from the Greek word galaxies, which literally translates to mean "milky" and refers to the Galaxy, which houses the Solar System. Galaxies vary in size from dwarf with fewer than 100 million stars to the largest known galaxies, red giants with the one hundred times stars around their galaxy's mass center.
Galaxies are thought to have an average of 100 million stars.
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Which phenomenon is shown in this diagram?
Earth's _________
Answer:
outer layer
Explanation:
From the point of view of conductive heat loss, which adaptations would be beneficial to animals living in extremely cold climates?Group of answer choicesThin skinLots of tissues, like muscle, with high thermal conductivFrom the point of view of conductive heat loss, which adaptations would be beneficial to animals living in extremely cold climates?Group of answer choicesThin skinLots of tissues, like muscle, with high thermal conductivityAs small a surface area as possible given the volume of the animal.Lots of tissues, like fat, with low thermal conductivityThick skinAs large a surface area as possible given the volume of the animal.
According to conductive heat loss views, the adaptations would be beneficial to animals is a)Thin skinlots of tissues, like muscle, with high thermal conductivity. So,correct option is a.
Conductive heat loss is the exchange of intensity through a film. For application in spaces, for example, nurseries, the exchange of concern is ordinarily warmth from inside the nursery that is lost through the skin of the nursery into the external climate. In thermodynamics, heat is characterized as the type of energy crossing the limit of a thermodynamic framework by excellence of a temperature distinction across the limit.
The absolute intensity loss of the article includes loss happening by radiation, convection, and conduction. Heat loss is estimated by the units called Watts. Heat loss equation is communicated by, q = (U × A) ×δt Where, q = all out heat misfortune through the structure in Btu/hr,
Hence, correct option is a.
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(Complete question) is:
From the point of view of conductive heat loss, which adaptations would be beneficial to animals living in extremely cold climates?Group of answer choices
a)Thin skinLots of tissues, like muscle, with high thermal conductivity
b)As small a surface area as possible given the volume of the animal.
c)Lots of tissues, like fat, with low thermal conductivityThick skin
d)As large a surface area as possible given the volume of the animal.
In order to gather warmth, alligators can often be found lying on the grassy banks of lakes during the daylight hours to regulate their body temperature. How is heat transferred to the alligator?.
The warm water of the lake transfers heat to the alligator through conduction.
Ectothermic animals like alligators depend on outside heat sources to maintain body temperature. By taking a sunbath or relocating to places with warmer or colder air or water temperatures, alligators may regulate their body temperature. Ectothermic, or cold-blooded, alligators experience temperature changes in response to their surroundings. Alligators are forced to actively regulate their body temperature as a result, searching out locations that are both warm and cool enough for them. Alligators may lay in the sun with their jaws open to allow heat to escape while they enjoy the Florida sunshine as it becomes too hot over 92°. Alligators will move very little during the day and become more active at night if the temperature is too high.
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Five grams of nitrogen gas at an initial pressure of 3.0 atm and at 20? C undergo an isobaric expansion until the volume has tripled.a.What is the gas volume after the expansion?b.What is the gas temperature after the expansion? The gas pressure is then decreased at constant volume until the original temperature is reached.c.What is the gas pressure after the decrease? Finally, the gas is isothermally compressed until it returns to its initial volume.d.What is the final gas pressure?
The final volume after the isobaric expansion is V2=4.29 L.
Calculation :
Let V1 be the initial volume of the gas. Considering nitrogen as an ideal gas, use the ideal gas equation to find the initial volume as,
P1V1=nRT1...............(1)
Consider the value of universal gas constant as,
R=0.0821L⋅atm⋅mol⁻¹⋅K⁻¹.
Convert temperature to Kelvin,
T1=(20+273)K=293K
Consider the molar weight of nitrogen gas as, mm=28g/mole.
The number of moles in 5g of nitrogen gas is,
n=m/mm
Substitute the known values,
n=5g/(28g/mole)
=0.179mol
Substitute all the known and calculated values in equation (1),
V1=0.179mol×0.0821L⋅atm⋅mol−1⋅K−1×293K3atm/3 atm
=1.43L
B. The final temperature after the expansion is, T2=879K.
The temperature after the expansion is evaluated using the formula,
V1/T1=V2/T2
T2=V2T1/V1
Substitute the known values,
T2=4.29L×293K/1.43L
=879K
C . The gas pressure after the decrease is P2=1atm.
Using relation,
PV/T=constant
Since volume is kept constant,
P1/T2=P2/T3
P2=P1T3/T2
Substitute the known values,
P2=3atm×293K/879K
=1atm
D. The final gas pressure is P3=3atm
Given data:
Gas is isothermally compressed to regain the initial volume, that is,
V3=1.43L .
Using relation,
PV/T=constant
Since temperature is kept constant,
P2/V2=P3/V3
P3=P2V2/V3
Substitute the known values,
P2=1atm×4.29L/1.43L
=3atm
The final gas pressure is P3=3atm
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force normal to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these are units of force divided by units of area. For example, the SI unit of pressure, Pascal (Pa), is 1 Newton per square meter (N/m2). Similarly, pound-force per square inch (psi) is the traditional unit of pressure in imperial and US systems. Pressure can also be expressed as standard atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure (atm) is equal to this pressure and torr is defined as 1/760 of this. Manometric units such as centimeters of water, millimeters of mercury, and inches of mercury are used to express pressure as the height of a particular liquid column within a manometer.
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some students were on a tour exploring the inside of a cave. while the students were in the cave, they realized they heard an echo every time that they spoke. which most likely caused the echo to occur?
The refraction of the sound waves caused the echo to occur.
What is an echo?Walls and other solid objects, such as mountains and privacy fences, reflect acoustic waves. A break in the propagation medium can be used to explain why reflection occurs. When the reflection returns with enough magnitude and lag to be audible, this can be heard. Reverberation is the term used to describe an echo that has received several reflections from different surfaces.
If the delay is smaller than 1/10 of a second, the human ear cannot tell the difference between the echo and the original direct sound.
At a temperature of 25 °C, the sound speed in dry air is roughly 343 m/s.
As a result, for an echo to be audible to someone standing near the sound source, the reflecting object needs to be farther away than 17.2 meters. When two seconds pass between a sound and an echo, the reflecting item is 343 meters away. The most frequent natural locations for hearing echoes in nature are canyon walls or rock cliffs that face water. In comparison to the directly transmitted wave, the sound pressure level (SPL) of the echo is often measured in decibels (dB). Echoes may be advantageous (like sonar) or detrimental (as in telephone systems).
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The total momentum of a system of two moving identical bodies is zero. What should be true about the velocities of the bodies?.
The momentum of system is zero because velocities of the bodies may be equal to zero or may be be equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.
We know very well that momentum of body is given by the product of mass of that body with the velocity of that body, or in other words
Momentum=mass × velocity
=>p=m × v
Since, we are given that total momentum of the system is zero. In this universe every object has some mass ,so mass never be zero and never be negative. Now, talking about the velocity of the body. If velocity of all bodies is zero, in that total momentum of the system remains zero. So, this will be possible.
Now, there is one more possibility in the system two bodies have same velocity in magnitude but their direction of propagation is opposite to each other. In that case also their velocity cancel each other, due to that momentum remain as it is zero. So, this is one of possibility.
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with respect to saving energy, what aspect of using two-sided printing was discussed in class as providing the most signifiant benefit?
The aspect of using double-sided printing was discussed in class as the most significant benefit of using only one sheet of pаper, insteаd of using two.
Has double-sided printing the most significant benefit over one sheet of paper?Printing single-sided used to be very common, but these dаys duplex printing is becoming more populаr. Double-sided printing is eco-friendly аnd cаn help you sаve money. Аrizonа Stаte University sаved over 700 trees аfter they switched to double-sided printing. In estimаtion, double-sided printing cаn sаve your business аbout hаlf of the cost of printing single-sided pаges.
Since duplex printing uses hаlf the pаper thаt one-sided printing uses, businesses cаn reduce their mаteriаls costs. Not only аre you sаving our plаnet’s trees, but you аre sаving your business money.
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The electron configuration for an atom is 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 2. How many electrons does the atom have?.
If the electronic configuration of an atom is 1s2 2s2 2p2 then it has 6 electrons.
This electronic configuration corresponds to carbon, whose atomic number is 6.
Importance of electronic configurationThe electronic configuration is a form of organization by layers that the electrons have.
Its importance is based on the ability to determine through it the total properties of chemical combination of atoms, which is equivalent to their location on the periodic table of elements.
Furthermore, the electronic configuration of an element defines its binding energy and thus its state at room temperature.
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