9.4 the molecule shown here is difluoromethane (ch2f2), which is used as a refrigerant called r-32. based on the structure, how many electron domains surround the c atom in this molecule? would the molecule have a nonzero dipole moment?

primary amines can be converted into secondary amines by reaction with haloalkanes. this reaction is difficult to achieve in the lab because of the large number of byproducts. select the possible products or byproducts of the reaction.

The concept used to solve this problem is the knowledge of nucleophilic substitution reactions.

The Sn2 reaction or the bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction is a concerted type of reaction followed by the trigonal bipyramidal-shaped transition state which results in the formation of the product of inverted stereochemistry.

Fundamentals

Nucleophilic substitution reaction involves the primary attack of a nucleophile to the sigma square antibonding orbital of the carbon of alkyl halide, which in effect attach the nucleophile to that carbon and the removal of the halogen as a leaving group.

Attack of lone pair of nitrogen of substituted ammonia to the carbon-halogen bond of the halogen alkane. The initial attack is shown below.

Attack of the substituted ammonia acts as a base and abstracts proton from the alky ammonium halide salt to form the secondary amine. The attack of substituted ammonia is shown below

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Answer:

There is no one value of 1 STP.  STP stands for Standard Temperature and Pressure.  Standard Temperature is [tex]0^{o}[/tex], and standard pressure is 1 atm.

Explanation:

The product of STP is literally ( [tex]0^{o}[/tex])*(1 atm) = 0 degree*atm, which has no real meaning.

Mass defect is defined by the difference in the isotopic mass and the atomic mass. The mass defect in the nucleus of the nitrogen atom is 0.11235 amu.

What is a mass defect?

The mass defect has been the difference between the actual and the predicted atomic mass of the elemental atom. The predicted mass is calculated by simply adding the number of neutrons and the proton present inside the nucleus. The actual mass of the atom has been seen to be less than the predicted atomic mass of the atom.

Mass of neutral nitrogen atom = 14.003074 amu

It is already known that,

Mass of protons = 1.00728 amu

Mass of neutrons = 1.0086 amu

Mass of electron = 0.000549 amu

The given element ¹⁴N₇ contains seven electrons, protons, and neutrons in its structure. The mass defect is calculated as:

= (7 × 1.00728) - (7 × 1.0086) - (7 × 0.000549) - 14.003074

= 0.11235 amu

Therefore, the mass defect in nitrogen is 0.11235 amu.

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On the basis of the polarity of the given compounds the order of the solubility in water is:

CH₃OH > CH₃OCH₃ > CH₄

Solubility can be defined as the maximum amount of Solute that can dissolve in a known amount of solvent at a specific temperature.

The solubility of the given compound depends upon the polarity of the compound. From the concept of like dissolves like therefore the polar compound is soluble in polar solvents and nonpolar compounds in nonpolar solvents.

Water is a polar solvent and CH₃OH  is also a polar compound so it can form hydrogen bonding with water. Therefore it has the highest solubility in water. Methane is nonpolar it gas lowest solubility in water.

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Your question was incomplete, most probably the complete question was,

Arrange the organic compounds from most soluble in water to least soluble in water. Most soluble in water CH₃OH, CH₃OCH₃, and CH₄  Least soluble in water.

There are seven structural isomers of 3-amines given the chemical formula C6H15N.

It might be put on the same carbon as the first chlorine atom, or it could be placed on the other carbon atom. As a result, the chemical formula C2H4Cl2 can have two isomers. Create and compare models of both isomers. It is vital to note that this molecule can only have two isomers.

This is sometimes referred to as 2° amine. C5H13N secondary amine has six isomers. Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but a distinct structural formula.

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Yes, the [tex] CH_{2}[/tex]O is the correct formula of formaldehyde.

The correct arrangement of bonds is H - C - H (=O). It is first aldehyde in the series and thus has only hydrogen atom attached to the aldehyde functional group. The valency of carbon is filled as two hydrogens form single bond and one oxygen is attached through double bonds with carbon.

Formaldehyde finds wide application in different fields as medicines, building and construction, food, manufacturing of sanitary products, disinfectants and many more. Produced by oxidation of methanol, it is a gaseous chemical with strong smell.

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0.054 hr current have to be applied to plate out 8.10 g of nickel.

Electrochemistry is the branch of bodily chemistry concerned with the relationship between electric ability distinction, as a measurable and quantitative phenomenon, and identifiable chemical alternate, with the capability distinction as an final results of a specific chemical trade, or vice versa.

Electrochemistry is the observe of electron motion in an oxidation or reduction reaction at a polarized electrode floor. each analyte is oxidized or reduced at a particular capability and the current measured is proportional to attention. This method is a powerful method closer to bioanalysis.

Calculation:-

m = Zit

t = m/Zi

  = 8.10/28× 5.34

 = 0.054 hr

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Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. Combined Boyle's and Charles' gas law is used. Therefore, the combined formula is PVM=mRT.

Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature. Real gas behave like an ideal gas at low pressure and high temperature. There is no forces of attraction or repulsion between the particles of ideal gas.

The formula that comes by combining  PV = nRT and  n = m/M is

PV = nRT

PV =( m/M )RT

PVM=mRT

From this formula we can find the molar mass easily.

Therefore, the combined formula is PVM=mRT.

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Covalent bonds are predicted for an atom of chlorine = 1

Covalent bonds are made by sharing of electrons to complete the octet or doublet of the atom to attain stability.

Covalent bond refers to the mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms.

These electrons simultaneously attract the atomic nuclei of the two atoms participating in the covalent bond.

A covalent bond is formed only when the electronegativity difference of two atoms is too small so that an electron transfer to form ions will not occur.

Number of bonds for a neutral atom = (Number of electrons in the complete valence shell i.e. 2 or 8 electrons) - (Number of valence electrons of the atom)

Number of bonds for chlorine = (Number of electrons in the complete valence shell i.e. 2 or 8 electrons) - (Number of valence electrons of the carbon)

which means,

Number of bonds for chlorine atom = 8 - 7

Number of bonds for chlorine atom = 1

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Without letting me know, choose a number and then indicate the card or cards that it appears on.

I'll tell you the number you're thinking of!

Simply look at the top left corner of the cards and add the numbers (4 + 1), for instance, if someone chooses the number 5 and points to the two cards it appears on.

Any math lesson can benefit from the energy and amazement that math magic tricks bring to the subject. You can present them to kids as problem-solving exercises and give them the task of demystifying them so they become useful exercises for fostering critical thinking abilities. THOANs are perhaps the easiest to start with (Think Of A Number).

Question:

"How can I predict the next number in a non-obvious sequence?"

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Catcher in the Rye is a young-adult fiction by J. Salinger. It is a novel based on the coming of the age and literary realism. Phoebe is disappointed with Holden's vindication.

Holden Caulfield is the protagonist and the narrator of the story who is intelligent but is expelled from the school. Phoebe is Holden's sister, she is infuriated by Holden's dismissal.

She knows that their father would be angry because Holden is expelled from school. Holden tries to explain his situation to his sister and tells her about his minimum chance of joining the military school.

He explains to her how bad is his school Pencey and he dislikes that place. But Phoebe interrupts him by saying that he doesn't like anything or anywhere.

Her challenge makes him think about the one thing that he likes the most and he couldn't. It shows Phoebe's concern to stimulate Holden. She is seen sympathetic and angry with her brother for not growing up.

Holden describes them in loving, caring terms, demonstrating his genuine affection and respect for them. How does Holden characterize Phoebe? Holden describes Phoebe as wise, overly affectionate at times, and overly emotional for her age.

Also as smart, tiny, and a little noisy. Holden, Phoebe, and Allie are siblings in the novel "The Catcher in the Rye." Holden looks up to his younger brother and sister as idealized versions of himself. Holden describes Allie as the most intelligent and pleasant member of his family.

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The empirical formula of the mineral is  MA

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound serves as the empirical formula for that compound. Sulfur monoxide and disulfur dioxide both have empirical formulas that are as straightforward as SO and S2O2, respectively. This provides a straightforward illustration of the idea. Thus, the empirical formula for the sulphur and oxygen compounds sulphur monoxide and disulfur dioxide is the same. The number of atoms in each molecule of a chemical compound is expressed by its molecular formula, which is different for the two substances. The arrangement. or number. of atoms. are not mentioned. in an empirical. formula. It is typical for numerous macromolecules, including silicon dioxide, as well as ionic chemicals like calcium chloride (CaCl2) (SiO2).

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The empirical formula for perfluoropropane is C3F8.

What is empirical formula?

A compound's empirical formula provides the simplest ratio of the number of various atoms present, but a molecule's molecular formula provides the precise number of each different element that is present.

The number of moles of carbon and fluorine is calculated from their respective molar masses:

Number of moles of the element= (Mass of the element)/ (Molar mass of the element)

The molar mass or the atomic mass of C is known to be 12.0107  g/mol

Thereby, the number of moles of C = (19 g) / (12.0107 g/mol)

= 1.5819 moles

The molar mass or atomic mass of F is known to be 18.998403 g/mol

The no. of moles of F = (81 g) / (18.998403 g/mol)

= 4.2635 moles

In the next step, divide the number of moles of elements that are obtained by the least number of the mole. In this case, the least number of moles is of carbon element.

Thereby, the corresponding calculation is as follows:

Simplest mole ratio of C= (1.5819 moles) /(1.5819 moles)

= 1

Simplest mole ratio of F= (4.2635 moles) /(1.5819 moles)

= 2.69

Therefore, the formula for the compound becomes CF₂.₆₉. But the formula is still not in the simplest whole-number ratio. Hence, to obtain the simplest whole-number ratio, both the subscripts can be multiplied by 3 as follows:

C1X3F2.69X3

= C3F8.07

=C3F8

Hence, the empirical formula of perfluoropropane is C3F8.

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when a highly reactive metal such as magnesium is mixed with a reactive nonmetal such as sulfur, the two elements will most likely combine to form a new substance, magnesium sulfide (Mgs). This type of reaction is called a chemical reaction

Chemical reaction occurs when the atoms of the reactant elements rearrange to form new substances with different chemical properties. The resulting substance, magnesium sulfide, has different chemical properties than the reactants, magnesium and sulfur. For example, magnesium sulfide is a solid at room temperature, while both magnesium and sulfur are solids at room temperature. Additionally, magnesium sulfide is not very reactive, while both magnesium and sulfur are highly reactive elements. These differences in chemical properties are a result of the chemical reaction between the two elements.

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Considering the combined law equation, the final temperature if the gas is compressed to 0.800 m³ and the pressure rises to 0.820×10⁵ Pa is 357.82 K.

Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas in a closed container is inversely proportional to the volume of the container, when the temperature is constant.

Mathematically, Boyle's law states that the product of pressure and volume always has the same value:

P×V= k

where:

Charles' law states that the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas when the pressure is constant.

Mathematically, Charles' law states that the ratio between volume and temperature always has the same value:

V÷T=k

where:

Gay-Lussac's law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when the volume is constant.

Mathematically, Charles' law states that the ratio between pressure and temperature always has the same value:

P÷T=k

where:

Combined law equation is the combination of three gas laws called Boyle's, Charlie's and Gay-Lusac's law:

(P×V)÷T= k

where:

Analyzing an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:

(P₁×V₁)÷T₁= (P₂×V₂)÷T₂

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the combined gas law:

(0.500×10⁵ Pa× 1.1 m³)÷ 300 K= (0.820×10⁵ Pa× 0.800 m³)÷T₂

Solving:

[(0.500×10⁵ Pa× 1.1 m³)÷ 300 K]× T₂= (0.820×10⁵ Pa× 0.800 m³)

T₂= (0.820×10⁵ Pa× 0.800 m³)÷ [(0.500×10⁵ Pa× 1.1 m³)÷ 300 K]

T₂= 357.82 K

Finally, the final temperature is 357.82 K.

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The number of moles of the 50 cm³ of this solution is 1500.

The moles of sodium hydroxide required to neutralize 1 mole of sulfuric acid have been 2 mol.

The chemical equation for the titration of sodium hydroxide against sulfuric acid has been:

NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + H₂O

The balanced chemical equation is

2NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + H₂O

From the balanced chemical equation, for the titration of 1 mole of sulfuric acid, 2 moles of sodium hydroxide has been required.

The moles of sodium hydroxide required for the titration of sulfuric acid has been:

1 mol of H₂SO₄ = 2 mol of NaOH

the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 20 g/dm³.

volume = 50

With the above data we know that the volume of NaOH is 50 so the volume of H₂SO₄ is 25 and the total volume is 75 cm³.

We know that concentration = moles/ volume

Moles = concentration * volume

Moles = 20 * 75 = 1500

Therefore, the number of moles of the 50 cm³ of this solution is 1500.

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A cubic unit cell contains manganese ions at the corners and fluoride ions at the center of each edge. Emperical formula of the coumpound is MnF₃

What is Emperical formula?

The chemical formula of a compound with an empirical formula provides the ratios of the components present in the molecule but not the precise number or arrangement of atoms. This would be the compound's element to whole number ratio with the lowest value.

The determination is empirical because it is based on experimental evidence. For instance, while glucose has the chemical formula C 6H 12O 6, the empirical formula is CH 2O.

Therefore, A cubic unit cell contains manganese ions at the corners and fluoride ions at the center of each edge. Emperical formula of the coumpound is MnF₃

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The correct statement regarding the Rf values is as follows: a. the product has lower Rf value on silica gel TLC plate because it is more polar than starting material methyl benzoate.

Silica gel has lots pores with contains water, and we know that water is polar. So we can say that our stationary phase here silica gel is polar. In chemistry we say 'like dissolves like' therefore polar substance interacts with polar substances. If interaction is more than Rf value will be less. Rf value is nothing but the distance travelled by molecule on TLC plate. Here methyl m nitrobenzoate has nitro group which is polar in nature therefore it will interact with water in silica gel and she this it will travel less distance therefore Rf value is lower than methyl benzoate which does not interact with water in silica gel as it has no polar groups therefore runs faster and travels more distance hence the high Rf.

Therefore, the correct option is a.

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An atom with 6 bonds without a lone pair of electrons gives an octahedral molecular shape using the VSEPR rules.

What is VSPER Theory?

Based on the number of valence shell electron bond pairs between the atoms in a molecule or ion, the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) hypothesis is a model used to predict 3-D molecular shape. According to this hypothesis, electron pairs will position themselves to reduce the consequences of their mutual repulsion. The electron pairs are, in other words, as far apart as they can be.

For forecasting and visualising molecular structures, utilise the VSEPR model. Linear, trigonal planar, angled, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal, disphenoidal (seesaw), t-shaped, octahedral, square pyramidal, square planar, and pentagonal bipyramidal are the different types of structures.

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A quantity of the original isotope (18) is kept. A particular radioactive isotope's half-life is constant; it is unaffected by environmental factors and is unrelated to the starting concentration of that isotope.

These isotopes emit alpha, beta, and gamma rays as a result of their radioactive decay. A decay chain starts with a parent isotope.

The radioactive decay of parent isotopes yields daughter isotopes. Although reactions occasionally produce stable daughter isotopes, they are typically unstable and radioactive, which promotes the progression of decay chains.

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You can notice about the number of valence electrons that As you move across each column, the valence electron number rises by one.

Position on the periodic table of the elements is a sign of how many valence electrons are present in an atom. In groups 1-2 and 13–18 of the periodic table, the number of valence electrons increases by one from one element to the next across each row, or period.

All the elements have the same number of valence electrons inside each column, or group, of the table. This explains why all the elements in a group represent a lot of the same chemical characteristics.

So, In relation to the number of valence electrons, you can see that it increases by one as you move across each column.

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1/8 of a second (2 significant figures). When this reaction occurs at a specific temperature, its rate is first order with a rate constant of let's say a concentration in a vessel.

The proportionality constant (k) connecting the rate of the reaction to reactant concentrations determines the specific rate constant (SRC).

The reaction's equation is CICH2CH2Cl (g) --> CH2CHCI (g) + HCl (g)

Rate constant (k) equals 2.01 s-1

This is a first order reaction based on the rate constant's units.

Initial Concentration: 1.34 M t =

Final concentration equals 20 percent of 1.34, or 0.268 M.

First order reactions have the integrated rate rule ln[A] = ln[A]o - kt ln(0.268) = ln(1.34) - 2.01(t) -2.01(t) = - 1.6094 t = 0.8007 0.80 seconds (2 significant figures).

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The mass of fe2(so4)3 that is required to produce 1.15 mol fe3 is 230 gm.

The molar mass of a chemical compound is described as the mass of a sample of that compound divided by using the amount of substance that is the wide variety of moles in that pattern, measured in moles. The molar mass is a bulk, no longer molecular, an asset of a substance.

The molar mass of a substance is the mass in grams of one mole of the substance. As shown in this video, we are able to attain a substance's molar mass by summing the molar hundreds of its thing atoms. we will then use the calculated molar mass to convert among mass and variety of moles of the substance.

Calculation:-

Fe₂(SO₄)₃ -------> 2Fe₂⁺³ + 3SO₄⁻²

2 mole Fe⁺³ produced by  1 mole fe2(so4)3

1.15 mol Fe⁺³ produced by = 1/2 × 1.15

                                             = 0.575 mol

molar mass of fe2(so4)3 = 400 g

mass of 0.75 moles of  fe2(so4)3 is = 400 ×  0.575

                                                            = 230 gm

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Hydrogen peroxide is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a bitter taste. Small amounts of gaseous hydrogen peroxide occur naturally in the air.

Since it easily breaks down into oxygen and water and releases heat, hydrogen peroxide is unstable. Despite not being flammable, it has a strong oxidising agent that, when in contact with organic material, can trigger spontaneous combustion. For medical purposes, as well as for usage as a clothing and hair bleach, hydrogen peroxide is present in many homes in low amounts (3–9%). Higher quantities of hydrogen peroxide are employed in the manufacturing of organic compounds, foam rubber, and rocket fuels in addition to being utilised as a bleach for paper and textiles.

With disinfecting, antiviral, and antibacterial properties, hydrogen peroxide is a peroxide and oxidising agent. Hydrogen peroxide's oxidising activity manifests itself upon topical administration, rinsing, and generation of free radicals, which causes oxidative damage to proteins and other biological molecules.

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The potential of a cell made up of  is –0.7618.

ZnZn2+(aq) + 2e− ⇌ Zn(s)

Ecell = E cathode - E anode = 0.76V

The potential difference between two half cells of an electrochemical cell is measured as the cell potential, or Ecell. The capacity of electrons to go from one half cell to the other is what causes the potential difference. Because the chemical reaction is a redox reaction, electrons can travel between the electrodes. When one chemical is oxidised while another is reduced, a redox reaction takes place. The substance undergoes oxidation during which one or more electrons are lost, leaving it positively charged. On the other hand, the material picks up electrons during reduction and becomes negatively charged. This relates to the measurement of the cell potential because the difference between the potential of a cell for the reducing agent to get oxidised and the oxidizing agent to become reduced will determine the cell potential.

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To solve such, we must know the concept behind physical change and chemical change. Therefore, polymorphism is a physical change. Physical change is just opposite of chemical change.

Chemical change is a reaction in which breaking and forming of new bonds take place. One molecule completely converted to totally different molecule. The number of atoms remains same

One famous example of chemical change is the rusting of iron. The color, odor and arrangements of atoms in products are very much different from reactant. Chemical change are mostly irreversible in nature.  

Polymorphism is the ability of the given chemical composition to crystallize in more than one form. Polymorphism is a physical change.

Therefore, polymorphism is a physical change.

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Answer:

A. 1,4-dimethylbenzene

Explanation:

The compound CH,CH;CH,CH3 is a benzene derivative with two methyl groups attached to the benzene ring. The positions of the methyl groups on the ring are indicated by the numbers 1 and 4, which correspond to the carbon atoms at the end of the two double bonds in the benzene ring. This compound is therefore 1,4-dimethylbenzene. The other options listed are not correct because they contain the wrong number or type of substituents on the benzene ring.

130 ml is milliters of solution must you prepare

What is Molarity?

Molality, also known as moles per kilogramme of a solvent, is the quantity of moles of a solute that may be found in a kilogramme of the solvent.

A mole is a unit of measurement for a chemical compound, and it is from this unit that the word "molarity" is derived

It is assessed by taking into account two indications, namely the volume of the solution and the quantity of solute molecules. Essentially, the volume of the solution is determined in litres. The letter "M" stands for molarity.

130 ml Molarity = moles/liter molarity

= 2.50 moles

= .325 2.5

= .325/liters solving this equation for liters: 2.5 * liters

= .325 liters

= .325/2.5 = 0.13 now a unit conversion from liters to the milliliter unit requested by the problem.

1 liter is 1000 milliliters .130l * 1000 ml/l

= 130 ml

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d) stronger bases favor the E1 reaction statement about and E1 mechanism is not true

Ionization and deprotonation are typically the two stages involved in the E1 mechanism, also known as unimolecular elimination. The production of a carbocation occurs as an intermediate during ionisation. A proton is lost by the carbocation in deprotonation. SN1 and E1 Reactions have remarkably similar processes; the outcome just depends on whether the nucleophile or the base hits first. The pace of the reaction is solely dependent on the substrate in SN1/E1 reactions as opposed to second order SN2 and E2 reactions (see "SN2 Reactions" and "E2 Reactions").

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Depression in the freezing point which means deltaT decreases as the mass of the solvent increases while the solute remains constant.

Molality is defined as the ratio of the number of moles of solute to the mass of solvent in kg. The molality is inversely proportional to the mass of the solvent. From the depression in freezing point, molality is in direct relation with the depression in the freezing point.

Therefore, depression in the freezing point which means deltaT decreases as the mass of the solvent increases while the solute remains constant.

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