A bacterium is discovered with a new mutated form of isocitrate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the same reaction but makes H₂; the reactant is isocitrate, and the product is alpha-ketoglutarate. As the proton count decreases, less ATP is produced.
What is the importance of the proton gradient in energy production?The proton gradient is formed during the electron transfer chain (ETC) by using all the NADH and FADH₂ that are derived from the glycolysis and kreb cycle. NADH and FADH₂, for example, are two compounds that travel through the different complexes to create the proton gradient, which later produces ATP; however, when H₂ is produced instead of NADH, less of a proton gradient is formed, and thus less ATP is produced. The equation is isocitrate+ NAD+ → alpha-ketoglutarate +CO₂ + H+
Hence, the reaction is composed of substrates isocitrate, NAD+, and products alpha-ketoglutarate, CO₂, and a proton (H+), which will be formed with significantly less ATP than the normal ATP produced from the one glucose.
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In which of the following areas is the high biodiversity found there threatened? (Choose all that apply)
a. Columbia
b. Indonesia
c. Madagascar
d. India
Answer:
columbia, indonesia, and madagascar
Explanation:
i took the test
Among these alternatives, the country with high biodiversity found threatened is in Madagascar.
Threatened biodiversity in Madagacar70% of the species that inhabit these islands are totally unique in the world. Its great wealth of biodiversity ranges from
LemursMongoosesChameleonsBatsFoxes…In addition, during the last decade,
40 mammals69 amphibians61 reptiles42 invertebrates and 385 new plants have been discovered in its territory.Even so, 75% of its forests have disappeared in recent decades; therefore, urgent measures must be taken to prevent this phenomenon.
With this information, we can conclude thatthe country with high biodiversity found threatened is in Madagascar.
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How are primary and secondary succession similar and how are they different?
Answer:
They are similar in that both involve the growth of new organisms in an environment. However they differ in that primary succession occurs in a place where no life had been before, while secondary succession occurs in place where life had been before, but was destroyed.
Some examples of primary succession include the formation of a new ecosystem after a volcano, glacier outbursts, or a nuclear explosion. Some examples of secondary succession include succession after fire, harvesting, logging, or abandonment of land or the renewal after a disease outbreak.
Answer:
In primary succession, newly exposed or newly formed rock is colonized by living things for the first time. In secondary succession, an area that was previously occupied by living things is disturbed, then re-colonized following the disturbance.
what is the relation between chromatin ,dna,gene,chromosome?pls answer in simple words
Answer:
The main difference between chromatin and chromosome is that chromatin consists of the unravelled condensed structure of DNA for the purpose of packaging into the nucleus whereas chromosome consists of the highest condensed structure of the DNA doublehelix for the proper separation of the genetic material between
a scientist is comparing the outer layer of an onion cell to the outer layer of a human skin cell. what is unique about the outer layer of the onion cell compared to the skin cell?
a. it contains proteins.
b. it contains cellulose.
c. it contains carbohydrates.
d. it is selectively permeable.
The outer layer of the onion cell contains cellulose as compared to the skin cell, hence option B is correct.
What is cellulose?3,000 or more glucose molecules make up the complex carbohydrate or polysaccharide known as cellulose.
The most prevalent of all naturally occurring organic substances, cellulose is the fundamental structural element of plant cell walls and makes up about 33% of all vegetable matter (it makes up 90% of cotton and 50% of wood).
The majority of all naturally occurring organic materials are composed of cellulose, which makes up roughly 33%, 50%, and 90% of all vegetative plants, cotton, and wood, accordingly.
Therefore, it decides the shape of the plant and enables the plant to grow upright, cellulose gives plant cells their stiffness, hence option B is correct.
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What is Castration and give me the types of castration
Answer:
Castration is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which an individual loses use of the testicles. Castration may be accomplished by physical, chemical or hormonal techniques. Testicles may be removed surgically or killed by obstructing the blood supply. Young calves may be castrated with rubber rings.
Which of the following likely has the largest particle size?
A.
parent material
B.
subsoil
C.
topsoil
D.
humus
Answer: A.
Explanation:
Parent material
Sometimes an organ can be replaced by moving it from one part of the body to another. This can be done, for example, to replace damaged skin or joints. In these cases: antigens would be generated against the transplanted organ. rejection of the transplanted organ would still be expected. antibodies would be generated against the transplanted organ. rejection of the transplanted organ would not be expected. immunosuppressant drugs would be required to prevent transplant rejection.
Answer:
rejection of the transplanted organ would not be expected
Explanation:
Transplantation refers to 1-the movement of an organ/tissue/cells from one part of a person's body to another part, and 2-the movement of an organ/tissue/cells from one individual (donor) to another individual (recipient). An autograft is a type of transplant by which a patient receives his/her own tissue. For example, a skin autograft consists of a patch of skin that is removed from one area of the body and transplanted to another body region of the same individual. Skin autograft is a relatively common transplantation process used to repair wounds and restore skin function. In rats, the mechanism of skin autograft rejection has been reported as uncertain. Moreover, transplant rejection is a natural mechanism by which the immune system of a person does not recognize the transplant as its own, thereby attacking the transplanted organ/tissue. The autograft rejection reactions are relatively uncommon but they depend on the type of organ/tissue/cells to be transplanted.
In Drosophila, the linked mutations ebony body color (e), rough eyes (r), and brevis bristles (b), are autosomal recessive. A test cross yielded the following results:
wild type 169
ebony 619
ebony, rough 9
brevis 14
rough 93
ebony, brevis 97
rough, brevis 621
ebony, rough, brevis 165
Total 1787
1: Which locus is in somewhere between the other two?
a. ebony
b. rough
c. brevis
d. wild type
e. can not be determined from the information provided
2: What is the percentage of double cross overs?
Answer:
The correct answer is - 1) rough
2) [(9+14)/1786]* 100 = 1.2877 percentage
Explanation:
In this case there is mutated genes are :
mutated : ebony (e), rough (r) and brevis (b)
wild type: e+, r+ and b+
Given: wild type 169 (e+ r+ b+)
ebony 619 (e b+ r+)....... parent
rough, brevis 621 (e+ b r) .... parent
ebony, rough, brevis - 165 (e r b)
rough - 93 (e+ r b+)
ebony, brevis - 97 (e r+ b)
ebony, rough - 9 (e r b+) ....... double cross
brevis - 14 (e+ r+ b) ..... double cross
solution:
In this question, there is the three-point cross is performed, in such case, if one is mutated then the other two are normal. For instance, here ebony is mutated then the rest two are norma - e r+ b+.
We know the most frequent genotypes in such case, are parental and least frequent are double crossover genotypes. We can get the correct order of genes by the double-cross of parental genotypes and if we get double cross over then the gene order is correct.
(e b+ r+) -----------> (e r b+)
(e+ b r) ------------> (e+ r+ b)
double cross double crossover
between
parental gentype
Thus, the correct order is e r b that means rough is between ebony and brevis.
The percentage of double cross over =
(number of first double-cross + second double-cross over/1787)*100
[(9+14)/1786]* 100 = 1.2877 percentage
Why do daughter cells have DNA that is identical to the parent cell? Explain your answer.
the RNA is the daughter cell of DNA
I hope it's helpful for you
identify examples of RRAD from the process of photosynthesis
Answer.....
Explanation:
During which process is liquid changed to a gas within the water cycle?
A. condensation
B. precipitation
C. evaporation
D. runoff
Enter the symbolic notation for the atom with 15 protons and 17 neutrons.
Express your answer as an isotope.
Answer:
I think it would be chlorine
Explanation:
because chlorine has 15 protons and 17 neutrons
Chemicals and hazardous substances controlled by the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) include all of the following except _____.
polychlorinated biphenyls
bisphenate
radon
asbestos
Answer:
Chemicals and hazardous substances controlled by the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) include all of the following except
bisphenate.
Chemicals and hazardous substances controlled by the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) include all of the following except _____.
polychlorinated biphenyls
bisphenate✓
There are 6 chemical substances which are controlled by TSCA and bisphenate isn't one of them. It's use to manufacture hard core plasticradon
asbestos
what seven elements have the appearance and properties of a metal but behave like the non-metal in certain situations?
Answer:
i. boron
ii. silicon
iii. germanium
iv. arsenic
v. antimony
vi. tellurium
vii. polonium
Explanation:
Elements that have appearance and properties of a metal but behave like non-metal in certain conditions are called semi-metals or metalloids. On the periodic table, they are found between metals and non-metals. Examples are astatine, polonium, tellurium, antimony, arsenic, germanium, silicon, boron.
Some of their properties that make them look like metals are:
i. They exist as solids at room temperature.
ii. They are shiny.
iii. They are ductile.
Some of their properties that make them look like non-metals are:
i. They are brittle.
ii. Not very good conductor of electricity compared to metals.
The seven elements have the appearance and properties of metal but behave like non-metal in certain situations.
I. boron
ii. silicon
iii. germanium
iv. arsenic
v. antimony
vi. tellurium
vii. polonium
Elements which have look and residences of a steel however behave like non-steel in sure situations are referred to as semi-metals or metalloids. On the periodic table, they're determined among metals and non-metals. Examples are astatine, polonium, tellurium, antimony,arsenic, germanium, silicon, and boron.
Some in their residences that cause them to seem like metals are:
i. They exist as solids at room temperature.
ii. They are shiny.
iii. They are ductile.
Some in their residences that cause them to seem like non-metals are:
i. They are brittle.
ii. Not an excellent conductor of strength in comparison to metals.
What are metals?
Metals are opaque, lustrous factors that might be the right conductors of warmth and electricity. Most metals are malleable and ductile and are, in general, denser than the opposite elemental substances.
Thus it is clear that the above answers are well explained.
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Which one of the following is NOT one of the two most abundant and common elements in the universe?
Helium
Hydrogen
Plutonium
There are three basic crystal structures. O False; There are 12 basic crystal structures. False; There are 4 basic crystal structures. True False; There are 6 basic crystal structures.
Answer:
true
Explanation:
triclinic, monoclinic, orthorhombic, tetragonal, hexagonal, and cubic.
have a nice day/night
may i please have a branlliest
The photo shows a cross between a plant with white flowers and a plant with red flowers. The offspring is a plant with flowers that have both colors. X / Which pattern of inheritance is shown? 1/4 O A. Codominance B. Incomplete dominance O C. Recessiveness D. Multiple gene
Answer:
The correct answer is - A. codominance.
Explanation:
Codominance is an inheritance pattern that develops if there are two alleles of a particular gene in an organism and both are expressed together. It is not common as normally dominant allele masks the effect of recessive allele but here both traits occur.
Codominance is different from incomplete dominance as incomplete dominance expresses the dominant allele more than the recessive allele and expresses a mix of both.
Why is she keeping the dead animals?
Answer: i dont know
Explanation: maybe there is something very special about it
put the following in order from largest to smallest cell nucleus, gene, chromosome,
Answer:
Cell, nucleus, chromosome, gene
Answer:
Nucleotide, Gene, DNA, Chromosome, Nucleus, Cell, Organism.
hope this helps
what ia aruminant animal
Answer:
Ruminants include cattle, sheep, goats, buffalo, deer, elk, giraffes and camels. These animals all have a digestive system that is uniquely different from our own. Instead of one compartment to the stomach they have four. Of the four compartments the rumen is the largest section and the main digestive centre
How many chromosomes does this cell have?
Answer:
6...
Explanation:
what activity would increase the risk of anti microbial resistance
Answer:
Down below
Explanation:
The main drivers of antimicrobial resistance include the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials; lack of access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) for both humans and animals; poor infection and disease prevention and control in health-care facilities and farms; poor access to quality, affordable medicines.
Which statement regarding DNA packing in eukaryotes is false?
A Tight DNA packing tends to promote gene expression
B) Euchromatin can be highly expressed
с
none of the answers are false
D
A nucleosome consists of DNA wound around a core of 8 histone
molecules.
E Highly compacted chromatin is generally not expressed at all.
Answer:
The correct answer is - A. Tight DNA packing tends to promote gene expression.
Explanation:
Euchromatin which is less packed or condensed is highly expressed as it participates in the transcription whereas highly compacted chromatin - heterochromatin not expressed at all as these does undergoes the transcription process.
DNA binds around a core of 8 subunits of Histone protein in a nucleosome in which DNA is negatively charged and histone protein is positively charged protein .
DNA packing decreases its transcription and hence no expression.
Drag a number and symbol to represent the amount of time Carl worked on problems.
___ ___ ____
Answer:
25 - m
Explanation:
If Carl worked m less than 25, 25 - m would represent the amount of time Davis worked minus the difference in the amount of time that he and Carl worked, which would equal the amount of time Carl worked.
How do increases in human consumption of natural
resources impact the Earth
Answer:
The impact of so many humans on the environment takes two major forms: consumption of resources such as land, food, water, air, fossil fuels and minerals. waste products as a result of consumption such as air and water pollutants, toxic materials and greenhouse gases.
hope it helps
if all the bees in the hive come from the queen how are they related
I NEED AN ANSWER
Answer:
Aren't they brothers and sisters
Answer:
The queen had all made them, so theyre brothers and sisters.
A new human species was found on a distant planet, whose genetic inheritance and process of reproduction is identical to that of humans on earth, however, their phenotypes are much different. You are tracking two phenotypes in this new species: eye shape and tail size. The single gene that controls eye shape (gene E) is unlinked from the single gene that controls tail size (gene T). Square eyes is the dominant eye shape and round eyes is the recessive eye shape. Long tail is the dominant tail size and short tail is the recessive tail size.
1. An individual of this new species is heterozygous for gene E and heterozygous for gene T. What is their genotype and phenotype? (Note, the ‘ / ‘ symbolizes the genotype of the two different homologs for a given chromosome, for example chromosome 5 homolog / chromosome 5 homolog, and ' ; ' separates different chromosomes for example 'chromosome 5 ; chromosome 8)
a. E/E ; T/T – square eyes and long tail
b. e/e ; t/t – round eyes and short tail
c. E/e ; T/t – round eyes and short tail
d. E/e ; T/t – square eyes and long tail
e. e/e ; T/T – round eyes and long tail
f. E/T ; E/T– square eyes and long tail
2. Two individuals, who are both heterozygous for eye shape and tail size, mate. Which of the following is a correct statement about the phenotype ratios expected for their offspring?
a. 9/16 will have square eyes and short tails
b. 9/16 will have round eyes and short tails
c. 3/16 will have round eyes and long tails
d. 3/16 will have round eyes and short tails
e. 1/16 will have square eyes and long tails
3. From the mating described in question ABOVE, what proportion of ALL of the offspring in will be heterozygous for both traits?
a. 1/4
b. 1/16
c. 1/8
d. 1/9
e. 3/16
f. 9/16
Answer:
E/e ; T/t ⇒ Square eyes and long tail (Option D)3/16 will have round eyes and long tails (Option C)1/4 of the progeny will be heterozygous for both traits (Option A)Explanation:
Available data:
Two diallelic unlinked genes Gene E controls eye shape: Dominant allele E expresses square eyes, and recessive allele e expresses round eyes.Gene T controls the tail size. Dominant allele T expresses long trail, and recessive allele t expresses short tail.Genotypes Phenotypes
EETT, EeTT, EETt, EeTt Square eyes and Long tail
eeTT, eeTt Round eyes and Long tail
EEtt, Eett Square eyes and Short tail
eett Rounf eyes and short tail.
1. An individual of this new species is heterozygous for gene E and heterozygous for gene T. What is their genotype and phenotype?
The heterozygous individual is E/e ; T/t, expressing square eyes and a long tail.
2. Two individuals, who are both heterozygous for eye shape and tail size, mate. Which of the following is a correct statement about the phenotype ratios expected for their offspring?
Cross: between two heterozygous individuals
Parentals) EeTt x EeTt
Gametes) ET, Et, eT, et
ET, Et, eT, et
Punnett square) . ET Et eT et
ET EETT EETt EeTT EeTt
Et EETt EEtt EeTt Eett
eT EeTT EeTt eeTT eeTt
et EeTt Eett eeTt eett
F1) Genotype:
1/16 EETT2/16 EETt1/16 EEtt2/16 EeTT4/16 EeTt ⇒ 1/4 EeTt2/16 Eett1/16 eeTT2/16 eeTt1/16 eettPhenotype
9/16 E-T-, Square eyes and Long tails3/16 E-tt, Square eyes and short tails3/16 eeT-, Round eyes and Long tails1/16 eett, round eyes and short tailPhenotypic ratio 9:3:3:1
3. From the mating described in question ABOVE, what proportion of ALL of the offspring in will be heterozygous for both traits?
4/16 = 1/4 = 25% of the progeny are expected to be heterozygous for both traits, EeTt.
A student places water in a freezer. Several hours later, the student observes that the water has frozen.
Which statement BEST describes the arrangement and motion of particles in the ice?
The particles have high energy and move about freely.
The particles have low energy and vibrate in a fixed position.
The particles have high energy, are charged and move about freely.
The particles have low energy and are able to move past each other.
Answer:
the particles have low energy and are able to mive and past each other
The particle in the ice will have low energy and vibrate in a fixed position. The correct option is B.
What is freezing?The process by which something changes from liquid to solid as the temperature drops is known as freezing. Water basically freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.
The process of changing a substance from a liquid to a solid is known as freezing. When a liquid's molecules slow down enough, their attractions cause them to arrange themselves into fixed positions as a solid.
The average energy of the molecules in a liquid decreases as it cools. At some point, the amount of heat removed is great enough that the molecules' attractive forces draw them close together, and the liquid freezes to a solid.
The particles in a liquid eventually stop moving and settle into a stable arrangement, forming a solid.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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Can someone help me with this ASAP!!
Answer:
I don't know what your asking beore specific.
When a doctor is able to determine the sex of the fetus during an ultrasound, which stage of development is the fetus in? third trimester blastocyst formation first trimester second trimester
Answer:
second trimester
Explanation:
The second trimester, which is week thirteen to week twenty four, the foetus would have develop enough to be picked up by the ultrasound scan. At this stage, the doctor can easily determine the sex of the foetus whether it is a boy or a girl.
The second trimester, which is week thirteen to week twenty four, the foetus would have develop enough to be picked up by the ultrasound scan. At this stage, the doctor can easily determine the sex of the foetus whether it is a boy or a girl.
What is Second Trimester?During this trimester, morning sickness typically subsides as well as the acute fatigue and breast discomfort. Your fetus has completed the development of all of its organs and systems and is about to start expanding in size.
For most women, the second trimester is the most physically satisfying. During this time, morning sickness typically subsides, and the intense fatigue and breast discomfort usually go away.
Human chorionic gonadotropin levels have decreased, and estrogen and progesterone levels have changed, which can be linked to these alterations.
Therefore, The second trimester, which is week thirteen to week twenty four, the fetus would have develop enough to be picked up by the ultrasound scan. At this stage, the doctor can easily determine the sex of the fetus whether it is a boy or a girl.
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