To construct linkage maps, scientists estimate the distance between genes on the same chromosome based on the crossover frequency, as indicated by the percentage of recombinant offspring.
On the same chromosome are linked genes. X-linked genes are found on the X chromosome, while genes that are sex-linked are found on a sex chromosome. Linkage maps that depict the positions of genes on chromosomes are created using the frequency of gene crossing-over.
The frequency of crossing-over between two genes on the same chromosome can be used to evaluate linkage. Non-homologous chromosomes do not share any genes. They autonomously assort during meiosis, which gives them a 50% chance of ending up in various gametes. Genes are assumed to be on the same (homologous) chromosome if they appear in different gametes less than 50% of the time, they tend to be inherited together.
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Which of the following best explains the change in the frequency of penicillin resistance in S. aureus from 1940 to 2010?A) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin evolved to use penicillin as an energy source that nonresident strains could not use. B) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin developed a mutualistic relationship with humans, while the nonresident strains did not.C) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin evolved to produce more quickly than nonresident strains. D) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin survived and reproduced in the presence of the antibiotic, while nonresident strains did not.
The alternative that best explains the change in the frequency of penicillin resistence in S. aureus is:
D) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin survived and reproduced in the presence of the antibiotic, while nonresident strains did not.
The bacteria strain resistance to a antibiotic melecule is a case of the ability to defeat the drug by the process of adaptation to the substance. When a organisms is exposed to a antibiotic for a long time it will adapt to survive, since artificial selection will take place by the pressure of the drug in the environment, being the bacteria that can survive and reproduce able to make everytime more resistant offspring.
Photosynthesis converts _______________ energy to _______________ energy to be used by organisms in the food chain.
Choices:
chemical, seven, ATP, one, six, carbon dioxide, radiant, bacteria, cycles.
Answer:
Photosynthesis converts radiant energy to chemical energy to be used by organisms in the food chain.
Explanation:
Structure of the skin
Please see below image for skin structure
What is meant by the term facultative anaerobe?
Answer:
-The term facultative anaerobe describe those organisms that can grow in both the presence or absence of oxygen.
-Facultative organisms are the most adaptable organisms that can survive in the presence, as well in the absence, of molecular oxygen.
What causes wind?
A. The constant density of the air
B. The temperature differences of the hemispheres
C. The circulating air currents
D. The movement of the earths axis
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Wind is the movement of air, caused by the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun and the Earth's own rotation. Winds range from light breezes to natural hazards such as hurricanes and tornadoes.
Jane sees the following table in her science textbook:What is one conclusion that Jane can make from the information in the table?A. Since starfish cannot grow and develop, they cannot be considered living things.B. Since automobiles can respond to stimuli, they cannot be considered living thingsC. Since starfish cannot use resources for energy, they can be considered living thingsD. Since automobiles cannot reproduce, they cannot be considered living things.
Jane can conclude from the data in the table that since automobiles cannot reproduce, they cannot be considered living being. The biology definition of living being state that they have to be able to grow, reproduce, and respond to stimuli, having a proper metabolism.
One characteristic shared by a virus and a living cell is that both A: Store genetic information in a nuclear acidsB: have a crystalline structureC: gain energy directly from the sunD:use glucose for respiration
Answer: A. Store genetic information in nucleic acids.
Explanation:
Cells store genetic information in the form of DNA while viruses typically store their genetic information in the form of RNA and sometimes DNA.
At which position was the noon Sun on January 21, as viewed from Binghamton?1) above position 12) below position 33) between positions 1 and position 24) between position 2 and position 3I also need to know WHY it is the answer!!
The sun position by the Binghamton
Sec regulates the stock market for what type of company
The Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) Division of Investment Management oversees and manages investment firms, federally licensed investment advisors, and insurance products.
In an effort to encourage ethical business practices, the disclosure of critical market information, and the prevention of fraud, the Securities and Exchange Commission regulates securities exchanges, securities brokers and dealers, investment advisors, and mutual funds.
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is a federal watchdog organization in the United States tasked with policing the securities industry and safeguarding investors.
Due in significant part to the 1929 stock market crisis that precipitated the Great Depression, the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 and the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 were passed, creating the SEC.
The SEC collaborates with the Justice Department on criminal matters and has the authority to pursue civil lawsuits against violators of the law.
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Clones have the same exact _________.Select one:aphysical appearanceb.intelligencec.personality traitsd.genetic material
Explanation:
Clones have the same DNA and the same genes in their nucleus. Therefore, clones have the exact genetic material in their nucleus.
Answer:
The correct answer is D.
What is the responsibility of a scientist?
Scientists are responsible for conducting and communicating scientific work with integrity, respect, fairness, trustworthiness and transparency, and for considering the consequences of new knowledge and its application
A chemical change can be represented by______changing into______in a_______.
A. Products, reactants, chemical reaction
B. Chemical reaction, products, reactants
C. Chemical reaction, reactants, products.
D. Reactants, products, chemical reaction
Which describes symbiosis?A. Two organisms belonging to different species live closely together and have non-specific interactions.B. Two organisms belonging to the same species living in the same area. One organism leeches resources from the other one.C. Two organisms belonging to different species live closely together and have specific interactions.D. Two organisms belonging to the same species living in the same area. They fight to have access to limited resources.
Symbiosis is a kind of ecological relationship where two or more species are closely related in terms of their living habits; they reciprocally benefit from these interactions, for example, they provide each part of the symbiosis with nutrients.
There are too many symbiotic relationships in nature, one of them we can find in organisms such as anemones, and clownfishes; in whale sharks and other fish species that tend to seal the oceans with them, and in pollination, being plants and insects, as we can see in the following pictures:
Considering this, we can say that the correct answer to the question is the third one: C. Two (or more) organisms belonging to different species live closely together and have specific interactions.
SpermatogoniumPrimaryspermatocyteSecondaryspermatocytesMaleMeiosis beginsMelosis]DogoniumPrimaryDocyteSecondaryDocyteFemaleMelosis beginsAbMelosis IPolarbodyEEBRERemember in meiosis, 4 daughter cells are formed. In themale, all four daughter cells will go on to form maturesperm with tails.12. In a female, how many of the 4 cells become the eggor ova?
Only one of the 4 cells become the egg or ova. Among the 4 cells, only 2 cells with 4 interconnections to become oocytes will continue the process. Among the 2 cells, only one become the ovum. The other cells continue to meiosis but will not be able to complete the process. The rest of the cells will become the nurse cells.
What is happening in the stratosphere and thermosphere as altitude increases? A. The temperature decreases in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun. B. The temperature increases in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun. C. The temperature is normal in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun. D. The temperature is the same in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun
The correct option is B. The temperature increases in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun. As altitude increases more ozone is formed and more solar radiation heats molecules, which results in increased temperature in both the stratosphere and the termosphere.
What is an organic compound that stores energy, forms cell membranes, and carries messages??
Lipids are organic compounds that are mainly used to store energy, nonetheless, they have other important roles. Depending on their structure, they can be part of cell membranes (phospholipids) carry messages (cycloperhydrophenanthrene derivates), and so on.
Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences.Roset Help1. The outside of this organelle is surrounded by a double layer ofchloroplastthylakoidchlorophyll2. The thick fluid inside this organelle is where many of the reactions of photosynthesis take place. Thisfluid is called thestoma3. One of the single pancake-like discs in this organelle is called amembrane4. The entire organelle shown in the image is called agranumstroma5. One of the 'stacks of pancakes" is called awhich is the light-6. The reason this organello is green is because of the pigmentabsorbing molecule of this organelle.7. The gases needed as inputs for photosynthesis enter the plant through small pores called
In the first question: The outside of this organelle is surrounded by a double layer of thylakoids, which are modifications of the chloroplast's membrane.
In the second: The thick fluid inside this organelle is where many of the reactions of photosynthesis take place. This fluid is called the Stroma, which connects all the organs and serves as a buffer for the products and reactants in use.
In the third: One of the single pancake-like discs in this organelle is called a membrane granum.
In the fourth: The entire organelle shown in the image is called a chloroplast.
In the fifth: One of the 'stacks of pancakes" is called a which is the light-harvesting antennae.
In the sixth: The reason this organello is green is because of the pigment absorbing molecule of this organelle, the pigment is chlorophyll-a (at least in plants, and several unicellular photosynthetic organisms, but it is not the only one).
In the sevent: The gases needed as inputs for photosynthesis enter the plant through small pores called stomata.
Q. Describe what is meant by a healthy diet. Explain the role of each of the nutrients below in the body: i. Proteins ii. Carbohydrates Q. Liam wants a test to find out if diet lemonade contains any sugar.Write a plan for Liam to use to test for sugar and predict the result he should get,with a reason. (6 marks)In this question you get marks for how well your answer is written.You will get marks for:spellinggrammarorganising your ideas and information clearlyusing key scientific words.
A healthy diet is one that contains a variety of different components, including macro and micro nutrients. It should maintain and promote a person's health over time.
Proteins are the main component in muscles, and also some specific types are enzymes, which help to carry out multiple functions inside cells.
Carbohydrates are processed inside the body to produce the energy to accomplish all functions to stay alive.
8. As you travel from a spreading center towards a coastline, what happens to the thickness of
sediment on the sea-floor? Explain why.
Answer:
the sediments get progressively thicker
Explanation:
Near mid-ocean ridge systems where new oceanic crust is being formed, sediments are thinner, as they have had less time to accumulate on the younger crust. As you move away from the ridge spreading center the sediments get progressively thicker (see section 4.
Any pros to Kudzu in the environment? (Think of every possibility of it’s positive impact)
The pros of Kudzu in the environment are that it does an excellent job of preventing soil erosion.
The fact that kudzu grows rapidly is a benefit. It does an excellent job of preventing soil erosion thanks to its large leaves and robust root structure.
Additionally, kudzu has been utilized to feed animals and stop erosion. Particularly in the 1930s, Kudzu was a desirable option for erosion management because of its robust root system and quick development.
Kudzu is tasty and has generated excellent results when used as a pasture for dairy and beef cattle; tests revealed no differences in the milk's color or flavor. Kudzu can be used to generate high-quality silage by mixing it with grass or by being cut for cut-and-carry feeding systems.
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The weather map shows some conditions in the atmosphere at noon on aparticular day.10161016-19201008100410009961024H1012 1008 1008 1012 1016Where would you expect the warmest weather?O A. In the southeastB. In the southwestC. In the northeastD. In the northwest
In the northwest, we can expect the warmest weather.
A weather map, also known as a synoptic weather chart, depicts various meteorological features across a certain area at a specific time and contains many symbols with various meanings. Since the middle of the 19th century, these maps have been utilized for research and weather forecasting.
Isothermal maps display temperature gradients that can be used to identify weather fronts. Frontal zones first appeared on weather maps in Norway in the 1910s. Jacob is credited with developing the polar front idea, which was based on a network of monitoring sites along the Norwegian coast during World War I.
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Is this true or false? If it’s true, what other additional/helpful things can you add on to this?Deforestation decreases the ambient air quality.
It is true. Deforestation diminishes fresh air supply, as trees are important oxygen productors. Besides, deforestation coupled with overpopulation, and industrial activities, do synergy (that is, the factors cooperate with each other) to diminish air quality. Other important factors are climatic ones, such as differences in atmospheric pression, which causes strong winds that might increase dust/particles in the air. Although, the most important contemporary factors diminishing air quality are anthropocentric.
In an ecosystem with four levels—producers, primary consumers, and two higher-level consumers—describe where the decomposers operate within the context of these trophic levels. Provide at least two examples.What trophic levels do decomposers act on? What are examples of how decomposers act on two different trophic levels?
The Decomposers which decompose the organic matter from dead plants and animals occupy the last trophic level or the top of the ecological pyramid, the most common examples of decomposers are microorganisms like bacteria, and fungi.
For example, plants that can make their food through the process of photosynthesis are called producers, consumers are of three types herbivores carnivores, omnivores based on their consumption, and decomposers are classified by the type of organic matter they break down.
Scavengers, Detritivores, Saprotrophs.
Draw a punnett square for one heterozygous Yellow bird, mixed with a recessive red bird. What color will the offspring be?Provide the possible genotype and phenotype outcomes.
They are giving us the parent's phenotype and genotype:
P1: Yellow, heterozygous
P2: Red, recessive homozygous
Let's assign the letter Y to the yellow allele and y to the red allele.
P1: Yy
P2:yy
Then the Punnett's square would be as follows:
This means 50% of the offspring would be heterozygous yellow birds, and the other 50% would be recessive homozygous red birds.
So, if there are 4 fledglings, 2 would be red and the other 2 would be yellow.
23. What do we call an organism’s genetic information that is a type of nucleicacid?A. carbohydratesB. DNAC. lipids
Genetic information
The molecule in charge of storing and passing to the offspring the genetic information is the nucleic acid DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid (option B).
What does the circulatory system and ribosomes have in common or do they not have anything in common
The endoplasmatic reticulum
Is this a E. coli from a EMB media? I’m not sure
Answer: Does not appear so.
Explanation:
You can refer to my other answer to this same question but as stated before, EMB is typically dark red which is not the case for this media.
32. Human activities continue to place strains on the environment. One of these strains is the loss of biodiversity. Explain what this problem is, and describe some ways that humans are involved in both the problem and the possible solutions. In your answer be sure to state: . the meaning of the term biodiversity • one negative effect on humans if biodiversity continues to be lost • one practice that could be used to preserve bio- diversity in New York State
Biodiversity has been declining at an alarming rate in recent years, mainly due to human activities, such as land use changes, pollution, and climate change.
Humans impact the physical environment in many ways: overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation. Changes like these have triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water. These negative impacts can affect human behavior and can prompt mass migrations or battles over clean water.
At least, we need to be aware of all the factors that contribute to this:
Global Warming. ...Climate Change. ...Genetic Modification. ...Ocean Acidification. ...Water Pollution. ...Overfishing.Humans depend upon biodiversity for survival, such as for the foods we eat, medicines we use to stay healthy, and materials we wear or use to build our homes. These services are the tangible products or items that we and other species consume for survival. human beings have to survive a lot for these resources if biodiversity o our planet earth is facing any such serious threat.
Attract “good” insects by planting pollen and nectar plants. Maintain wetlands by conserving water and reducing irrigation. Avoid draining water bodies on your property. Construct fences to protect riparian areas and other sensitive habitats from trampling and other disturbances.
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How many times did the HIV-1 strain evolve from primates go affect humans? once twice many times
The HIV-1 evolved from primates to affect humans many times.
In certain salamanders, the sex of a genetic female can be altered, making her into a functional male; these salamanders are called sex-reversed males. When a sex-reversed male is mated with a normal female, approximately ⅔ of the offspring are female and ⅓ are male. How is sex determined in these salamanders? Explain the results of this cross.
In the given salamanders, females are the heterogametic sex. The correct explanation of this cross is that both of the parents were ZW and WW offspring were not able to survive.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is:-
In a particular species of salamander, the sex of a female can be changed genetically, thereby transforming her into a male salamander. These particular type of salamanders are termed as sex-reversed males. When a sex-reversed male salamander is crossed with a female one (normal), about 2/3 of the offspring turn out to be female while 1/3 of them are male. Given this observation, which of the following options will be true for these salamanders?
A. Males are the heterogametic sex.
B. These salamanders display genic sex determination.
C. Females are the heterogametic sex.
D. Females are the homogametic sex.
E. They show hermaphroditism.
How can one explain the results of this cross?
1. The sex-reverse parent was ZZ, while the female parent was ZW and the ZW offspring could not survive.
2. The sex-reverse parent (male) possessed two W chromosomes.
3. Both of the parents were ZW type while the WW offspring were unable to survive.
4. The female parent possessed two Z chromosomes.
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