The payload of a rocket includes fuel and oxygen for combustion of the fuel. Reactions 1 and 2 describe the combustion of dimethylhydrazine and hydrogen, respectively.

Calculate the energy change for the below reaction in kJ per pound.

(CH3​)2​NNH2​(l)+4H2​O(g)=N2​(g)+4H2​O(g)+2CO2​(g)
ΔHrxn = -1694 KJ
Calculate the energy change for the below reaction in kJ per pound.
H2​(g)+1/2​O2​(g) = H2​O(g)

ΔHrxn​=−286kJ

Answers

Answer 1

-12833.33 kJ/lb is the energy change for the first reaction in kJ per pound. -65000 kJ/1b is the energy change for the second reaction in kJ per pound.

Energy change in chemistry refers to the variation in a system's overall energy between two states or circumstances. It is a crucial idea in comprehending how matter behaves and how chemicals react.

Dimethyl hydrazine gives 1694 kJ of energy per mole of compound

molar mass = 60.01g/mol

mass of Dimethyl hydrazine, m = 1 mol x60.01g/mol

= 60.01gx{1lb/453.59 g}

= 0.1321b

calculate the energy change for 1st reaction in kJ/lb as follows:

=ΔΗrxn/m

=-1694 kJ/0.132lb

=-12833.33 kJ/lb

molar mass of [tex]\rm H_2[/tex] = 2 gm/mol

mass of [tex]\rm H_2[/tex] = 1molx 2 gm/mol

           = {2 gm x 1lb/453.59 g}

            = 0.00441b

calculate the energy change for 2nd reaction in kJ/lb as follows:

=ΔΗ/m

=-286 kJ/0.0044lb

=-65000 kJ/1b

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Answer 2

The difference in the amounts of chemical energy that are stored in the products and reactants accounts for the energy change in a chemical reaction. The energy change for the first reaction is -12833.33 kJ/lb and that of the second is -65000 kJ/lb.

Usually, energy shifts are connected with phase transitions. For instance, carbon dioxide molecules take in energy when solid dry ice vaporizes (physical change). Energy is released when liquid water freezes.

Dimethyl hydrazine gives 1694 kJ of energy per mole of compound

Molar mass = 60.01g/mol

Mass of Dimethyl hydrazine, m = 1 mol x60.01g/mol

m = 60.01gx[1lb/453.59 g]

m = 0.132lb

The energy change for 1st reaction in kJ/lb as follows:

Energy change = ΔΗrxn/m

E = -1694 kJ/0.132lb

E = -12833.33 kJ/lb

Molar mass of H₂ = 2 gm/mol

Mass of H₂  = 1molx 2 gm/mol

m = [2 gm x 1lb/453.59 g]

m = 0.0044lb

The energy change for 2nd reaction in kJ/lb as follows:

Energy change = ΔΗ/m

E = -286 kJ/0.0044lb

E = -65000 kJ/lb

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Related Questions

what mass of hydrogen is present in a 200.0 mg sample of water? (hint: calculate percent composition first.)

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Mass of hydrogen present in a 200.0 mg sample of water is 22.2g.

The molar weight of water is 18.015 g/mol, and hydrogen has a weight of 1 g/mol.

So mass of hydrogen= (2/18.015)(200)=22.2 grams.

What is hydrogen?

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What are the different types of chemical bonds list the 3 types of bonds from strongest to weakest and describe each type of bond?

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A chemical bond can be formed by exchange of electrons, sharing of electrons.

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Covalent Bond,

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And out of these three types of bonds, Ionic Bonds are the strongest bonds.

The order from strongest to weakest bond is given as :

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and such formed bonds are known as ionic bonds.

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What type of bond is formaldehyde?

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Formaldehyde has a double bond.

Formaldehyde is a molecule that consists of one carbon atom coma one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms.

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Because of the presence of the double bond between the carbon and oxygen molecule we can say that formaldehyde as a double bond.

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What is bond answer in one sentence?

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A chemical bond can be interaction between atoms or ions that enables the formation of molecules and crystals.

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When an atom lose or gain the electron to attain the stability it forms ions and the attractive forces between two oppositely charged ions is known as ionic attractions or electrometric attractive forces.

and such formed bonds are known as ionic bonds.

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what is the product of the reaction of bromoethane with each of the following nucleophiles?

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1-butyne is the product that is formed by the reaction of bromoethane and the following nucleophile sodium acetylide.

Definition of nucleophilic substitution reaction

Nucleophilic substitution reactions are a class of reactions in which an electron rich nucleophile attacks a positively charged electrophile and replaces a leaving group. For alginate reactions, the most reactive nucleophile is considered as the C6 carboxylate group.

1-butyne is the product formed from the reaction between bromoethane and sodium acetylide. This reaction is a nucleophilic substitution type reaction where acetylide ion act as nucleophile. General reaction is given below:

C₂HNa + C₂H₅Br → CH₃CCHCH₂ + NaBr

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Cathode reaction: [tex]Cu^{2+} + (aq) + 2e-- > Cu (s).\\[/tex]

Anode reaction: [tex]Cu(s) -- > Cu^{2}+ (aq) + 2e[/tex] is

What is half-reaction?

A redox reaction's oxidation or reduction reaction component is known as a half reaction (or half-cell reaction). By taking into account the change in oxidation states of specific chemicals participating in the redox reaction, a half reaction is produced.

Here Zn pennies act as cathode , reduction of [tex]Cu^{2+}[/tex] to Cu take place here.

Cu rod acts as anode,here dissolution of Cu (s) to [tex]Cu^{2+}[/tex] take place .

Half cell reactions

Cathode reaction: [tex]Cu^{2+} + (aq) + 2e-- > Cu (s).\\[/tex]

Anode reaction: [tex]Cu(s) -- > Cu^{2}+ (aq) + 2e[/tex]

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gold decomposing into powder exothermic or endothermic?

Answers

Answer:

endothermic

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The organic compounds from most soluble in water to least soluble in water is CH3CH2OH, CH3CH3 and CH3OCH3.

The degree to which a substance dissolves in a solvent to form a solution is known as solubility ( expressed as grams of solute per liter of solvent). One fluid's ability to completely dissolve another fluid (liquid or gas; for example, methanol and water) or only partially do so (oil and water dissolve only slightly). "Like dissolves like," in general ( aromatic hydrocarbons dissolve in each other but not in water). According to the distribution coefficient (the ratio of a material's solubilities in two solvents), some separation techniques (such as absorption and extraction) rely on differences in solubility. In general, as temperature rises, so do the solubilities of solids in liquids, while they fall as temperature rises and rise with pressure for gases. A solution is said to be saturated when no more solute can dissolve in it at a specific temperature and pressure.

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You are using a microscope with a 10x eyepiece. What is the approximate focal length of an objective lens which will give a total magnification of 200x? assume a tube length of 160 mm.

Answers

The approximate focal length of an objective lens is 8.42 mm.

The magnification of eye piece (m1)=10

Total magnification (m)=200

using,

m=m1*m2

200=10*m2

m2=20

Thus, magnification of objective lens=20

Using the formula for magnification of objective lens,

m2=1+L/f

20=1+0.16/f

f=0.16/19

=0.00842 m

8.42 mm

Therefore, the focal length is 8.42 mm.

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(a) is it possible to grind up and reuse phenol-formaldehyde? why or why not? (b) is it possible to grind up and reuse polypropylene? why or why not?

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Phenol-formaldehyde is a thermoset polymer. Thermoset polymers can not be heated up and reused. Therefore it is not possible.

What is Polymer?

​The Greek word for "polymer" is "many pieces." Everywhere we look, we encounter polymers. From the strand of human DNA, a biopolymer that naturally occurs, to polypropylene, a material that is used all over the world.

Natural polymers are those found in plants and animals; synthetic polymers are those manufactured by humans (synthetic polymers). Due to their many distinctive physical and chemical characteristics, several polymers are used in daily life.

All polymers are produced by the process of polymerization, in which their component parts, known as monomers, combine with one another to form polymer chains, or 3-dimensional networks that form the links in polymers.

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The colors of the visible spectrum are in order from the highest to lowest energy which is : Violet Indigo Blue Green Yellow Orange and Red.

Red light has the lowest energy since it has the longest visible light wavelength. The highest energy visible light is violet since it has the shortest wavelength. The visible light spectrum has energies ranging from red to violet, and the human brain perceives these energy as different hues. Violet has the highest energy whereas red has the lowest. Red light, which has the lowest visible light frequency, has the least energy. The order spectrum reveals frequency content, just like the power spectrum does.

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be sure to answer all parts. (a) calculate the ph of the 0.39 m nh3/ 0.73 m nh4cl buffer system. ph

Answers

NH4+ + H2O results in NH3 + H3O+

Ka = (NH3)(H3O+)/(NH4+)

pKa = 9.2

Since the ion in NH4Cl, NH+4, has a pKa of roughly 9.2, we can proceed to compute the pH as follows:

pH is 9.26 plus log(0.39 M0.73 M) = 8.99, while pOH is 4.74 plus log(0.73 M0.39 M) = 5.01.

pH=14−pOH. =14−5.01≈8.99.

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What is the frequency of an x-ray wave with an energy of 2×10 to the power of -17 jewels in hertz

Answers

The frequency of an x-ray wave with an energy of 2×10^(-17) J in hertz is 3.01 × 10^(16) hz.

We can find the value of frequency of an x ray wave by using the relation between energy and frequency.

As we know that,

Energy is directly proportional to the frequency of the wave.

Mathematically,

E = h. f

Where,

E is the energy in joule

f is the frequency of the wave in hertz

h is the planck's constant

Given,

E = 2 × 10^(-17)J

h = 6.63 × 10^(-34) kg.m2/s

By substituting all the values, we get

2 × 10^(-17)J = 6.63 × 10^(-34) kg.m2/s × f

f = 2 × 10^(-17)J / 6.63 × 10^(-34) kg.m2/s

f = 3.01 × 10^(16) hz.

Thus, we concluded that the frequency of an x-ray wave with an energy of 2×10^(-17) J in hertz is 3.01 × 10^(16) hz.

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How much of each starting material would you use to prepare 2. 00 l of each of the following solutions?.

Answers

a. For preparing 0.274 M NaOH from 1.00 M NaOH stock solution, add 548 mL of 1.00 M NaOH stock solution to a 2.00 L volumetric flask and b. for preparing 0.120 M K2CrO4 from 1.75 M K2CrO4 stock solution, add 137 mL of 1.75 M K2CrO4 stock solution to a 2.00 L volumetric flask.

A stock solution refers to a solution with a high concentration of a particular solute and is used for obtaining moderate quantities of solute using small volumes. A dilute solution refers to a solution with a low concentration of a particular solute and is used for dealing with substances by using normal volume instead of small volumes.

As the process provided is given by taking a certain volume of a stock solution and adding water to the quantity of solute till it reaches the 2L mark, hence the dilute and stock solution have the same number of moles. The volume (V) of the dilute, which is two liters, and the concentration (M) of the dilute is used to calculate the number of moles of the dilute. The number of moles of the dilute and stock solution are used to calculate how much volume should be taken from it.

The volume taken from the stock solution can be calculated as:

Mstock * Vstock = Mdilute * Vdilute

a. 0.274 M NaOH from 1.00 M NaOH stock solution.

1M * Vstock = 0.274M * 2L

1M * Vstock = 0.548 mol

Vstock = 0.548mol/1M

Vstock = 0.548 L or 548mL

b. 0.120 M K2CrO4 from 1.75 M K2CrO4 stock solution.

1.75M * Vstock = 0.120 M * 2L

1.75M * Vstock = 0.240 mol

Vstock = 0.240mol/1.75M

Vstock = 0.137 L or 137 mL

Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Describe how you would prepare 2.00 L for the following solutions: a. 0.274 M NaOH from 1.00 M NaOH stock solution. Add _____ mL of 1.00 M NaOH stock solution to a 2.00 L volumetric flask; fill to the mark with water, mixing several times along the way. B. 0.120 M K2CrO4 from 1.75 M K2CrO4 stock solution. Add _____ mL of 1.75 M K2CrO4 stock solution to a 2.00 L volumetric flask; fill to the mark with water, mixing several times along the way.

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PLEASE HELP ASAP:Two objects are placed a certain distance from each other. The amount of gravitational force between the two objects depends on their masses and the distance between them. As the masses of the objects decrease, the force of gravity between them _____________. As the distance between the objects decreases, the force of gravity between them ______________.

Answers

Answer: 1st blank= decreases 2nd blank= increases

Explanation:

The force of gravity depends directly upon the masses of the two objects, and inversely on the square of the distance between them. This means that the force of gravity increases with mass, but decreases with increasing distance between objects.

why did the big bang not produce a significant proportion of elements heavier than helium?

Answers

Only so long as it didn't get too cold for heavier elements to form could helium survive.

What prevented the Big Bang from producing more heavy elements?

Big Bang nucleosynthesis produced incredibly few stable nuclei of elements heavier than lithium because of a bottleneck brought on by the absence of a stable nucleus with 8 or 5 nucleons. Additionally, this lack of larger atoms limited the quantity of lithium-7 that could be produced during BBN.

Why didn't more massive atoms than helium form in the first few seconds of creation?

The early cosmos was too hot before a few minutes into the expansion for atoms to form. Only a few minutes remained before it became too cold to continue nucleosynthesis and prevent the formation of new elements.

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Given that S is the central atom in OSF4, draw the LewisStructure in which the formal charges of all atoms are zero.Include any lone pair electrons.

Answers

In a schematic illustration of a compound called a Lewis structure, the atoms and their associated electrons are shown. 

Which Lewis structure for SOF4 has the most lone pairs overall?

As a result, each fluorine and oxygen atom contains three lone electron pairs and six non-bonding electrons.

What part of OSF4's structure does the oxygen atom most likely occupy?

The equatorial plane The two F atoms would occupy the axial places in accordance with Bent's Rule, and the other two F atoms, along with the oxygen atom, would occupy the equatorial positions. This would result in a triangular bipyramidal structure.

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While attempting to determine the structure of a compound using elemental analysis and functional group tests, you are generally able to recover your original sample.a. Trueb. False

Answers

While attempting to determine the structure of a compound using elemental analysis and functional group tests you are generally able to recover your original sample as False.

Neutron activation analysis is a commonly used non-destructive analytical method for determining the identity and concentration of elements in a wide variety of materials. The Sodium Test or La Seigne Test is used in elemental analysis to qualitatively determine the presence of foreign elements such as halogens nitrogen sulfur and phosphorus in organic compounds.

Elemental and chemical state compositions are best determined using low information-depth quantitative techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The most important spectroscopic techniques for structure elucidation are ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

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Every second, the Sun converts about 600 million tons of hydrogen into 596 million tons of helium. The remaining 4 million tons of mass is _________.
converted to an amount of energy equal to 4 million tons times the speed of light squared
ejected into space in a solar wind
reabsorbed as molecular hydrogen
ejected into space by solar flares

Answers

translated into 4 million tons of energy multiplied by the square of the speed of light.

What percentage of the Sun's mass is converted to energy per second?

The Sun undergoes this reaction throughout, and as a result, 600 million tons if hydrogen are converted in 596 million tons or helium each second.E=mc² states that the 4 million tons that missing matter are transformed into energy.

How much of the Sun's hydrogen gets changed into helium every day?

The sun makes 598 tons of helium and burns 600 million tons of hydrogen each second.The remaining 4 million tons per day are turned into electricity.

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Select all the statements that correctly describe the arrangement of individual particles in the three physical states of matter. Relate these particulate views to the observable properties of matter.
Gases occupy the entire volume of the container.
The particles in a solid move quite freely.
The particles in a solid occupy fixed positions.
Liquids take the shape of the container.
Liquids have the same fixed arrangement of particles as observed in solids.
The particles in a gas move quite freely.

Answers

The correct statements are statement 1 (Gases occupy the entire volume of the container), statement 3 (The particles in a solid occupy fixed positions), statement 4 (Liquids take the shape of a container), and statement 6 (The particles in a gas move quite freely).

The term "matter" refers to anything that occupies space and has mass. There are three different states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.

Solids have distinct volumes and shapes. They are not compressible and are densely populated. The particles of a solid are attracted to one another with a powerful force. The distance between solids' particles is minuscule. The particles in a solid are in a fixed location.

A liquid cannot be compressed because it has a fixed volume. They don't have a fixed shape; instead, they take on the shape of the vessel they are placed in.

Gases are compressible.  To fill their vessels, gases enlarge. They take up a lot more space than the liquids or solids they originate from.

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What is a homogeneous mixture in which a substance is dissolved in a liquid?

Answers

A homogeneous mixture in which a substance is dissolved in a liquid is a solution.

A homogeneous mixture  is the that has the same proportion of the components through out the mixture. a homogeneous mixture has the uniform composition through out the mixture. The liquid is called as the solvent which dissolves the other substances is called as the solute. there are some examples of homogeneous mixtures are :

Air sugar waterrain watersalt watervinegar

in the homogeneous mixture we can not distinguish the the components of the mixture. so, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which a substance is dissolved in a liquid.

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A student is investigating the transfer of thermal energy. The student boils a pot water, removes the pot from the burner, and adds ice cubes to the water. Which direction is the thermal energy flowing in this system?.

Answers

The direction of Conduction happens via hotter to colder When materials come into contact, their debris collide.

The strength from the quicker-shifting substance is transferred to the slower-shifting substance till they're shifting on the equal speed. Boiling water on a range is an instance of thermal strength. Thermal strength is produced while the atoms and molecules in a substance vibrate quicker because of a upward thrust in temperature.

Thermal energy actions from warmer frame to chillier frame so we realize that during this test water is a warmer frame while ice cubes are chillier frame so the warmth strength will truely actions from warm frame to the frame.

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on a hot summer day, you make a glass of refreshing sweet iced tea by combining boiling water, tea, sugar, and ice. what type of change occurs and how do you know?

Answers

A physical change will occur when boiling water, tea, sugar, and ice are combined to form sweet iced tea.

What is a physical change?

A physical change is a change affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition.

The characteristics of some physical changes are as follows:

textureshapetemperaturechange in the state of matter

According to this question, one makes a glass of refreshing sweet iced tea by combining boiling water, tea, sugar, and ice on a hot summer day. The resulting solution is an example of a mixture, which contains constituents that retain their individual identity.

This suggests that the change is a physical change because there is no formation of a new substance.

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a solute is dissolved in a liquid. how does the osmotic pressure of the solution compare to the osmotic pressure of the pure liquid?

Answers

the osmotic pressure of solution is greater than the pure solvent.

As more solute dissolves in the solvent, the concentration of the solution continues to increase. As the concentration of the solution increases, the osmotic pressure of the solution increases. Therefore, the osmotic pressure of the solution is greater than that of the pure solvent. Since the concentration of solutes in

solution is higher than that of pure water, water from pure water tends to diffuse or penetrate into the solution. Therefore, the pressure required to prevent water from entering the solution, the osmotic pressure of the H. solution, is always higher than that of pure water or solvent.

The osmotic pressure of a liquid is determined by the number of solute particles present in the solution. Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to dissolved particles in a liquid. H. The higher the osmotic pressure, the higher the number of dissolved particles.

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indicate the hybridization of the specified atoms. be sure to consider any lone pairs you added to the structure. the structure of cyanazine has 5 atoms highlighted. atom 1 is an n atom bonded to 2 c atoms and 1 h atom through single bonds. atom 2 is an n atom bonded to one c atom through a single bond and one c atom through a double bond. atom 3 is a c atom bonded to one c l atom and one n atom through a single bond and one n atom through a double bond. atom 4 is a c atom that is bonded to three c atoms and one n atom through single bonds. atom 5 is a c atom that is bonded to one c atom through a single bond and one n atom through a triple bond. what is the hybridization of atom 1?

Answers

The atom bearing the number 1 has an sp3 hybridization. The hybridization is sp3 because there are four groups surrounding this atom, along with two lone pairs of electrons and two bonds.

How can we quickly tell whether atoms have hybridized?

Only the quantity of lone pairs and sigma bonds around an atom are taken into account for determining its hybridization.

The term "hybridization" means what?

When two atomic orbitals join to form a hybrid orbital in a molecule, the energy of the separate atomic orbitals is redistributed to give orbitals of equivalent energy.

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a 25.00 ml volume of hbr solution is titrated with 0.250 m koh. the initial volume of koh in the buret is 1.25 ml and the final volume is 28.35 ml. determine the concentration of the hbr solution. a. 0.221 m hbr b. 0.250 m hbr c. 0.271 m hbr d. 0.345 m hbr e. 4.33 m hbr

Answers

Titration of a 25.00 ml amount of hbr solution with 0.250 m koh is performed. The buret holds 1.25 ml of koh at the beginning, and 28.35 ml at the end. The hbr solution has a concentration of 0.345 m hbr.

An unknown acid/base analyte solution's molar concentration (or "molarity") has to be ascertained using an acid-base titration. An accurate base/acid titrant addition from a burette is used to achieve this. Strong base KOH reacts with strong acid HBr in a 1:1 molar ratio in this acid-base titration reaction: KOH+HBrH2O+KBr

The analyte will finally be completely consumed if the titrant is kept adding. Beyond that, every additional addition will result in an excess of titrant.

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3. A force is a push or a pull. What happens to an object that the magnets attract?

Answers

Answer:

it pulls

Explanation:

it pulls because of the magnetic force

Answer: It is pulled

Explanation:

Deeming that the force of motion is attraction, the only way it could be moving would be in pull of the magnet.

True or false? you can follow the progress of a reaction that produces a gas using a sensitive mass balance, because the mass of the reaction vessel increases as the gas is produced. False true.

Answers

“We can follow the progress of a reaction that produces a gas using a sensitive mass balance because the mass of the reaction vessel increases as the gas is produced.” This statement is: False.

What happens to the masses of compounds after a reaction occurs?

According to the law of conservation of matter, energy and mass is neither created nor destroyed when a reaction occurs. Hence, the total mass of the products always equals the total mass of the reactants. Even if the product is in the gas state, the total mass of the product is always the same as the initial mass of the reactant. So, the statement above is false.

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Which is accepted to react most readily with bromine?

Answers

It is expected that bromine will react with the Option (D) Propene

CH₃−CH=CH₂ easily.

This is the electrophilic substitution reaction . Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes or alkynes. Additionally, substituted alkenes that release electrons will be more reactive than unsubstituted alkenes.

Alkenes > Alkynes > Alkanes

The choice (A) CH₃−CH₂−CH₃ an alkane will have the lowest level of reactivity to bromine. (C) CH≡CH is an alkyne and will be more reactive than the alkane but less reactive than the alkenes.

Both (B) CH₂=CH₂ and (D) CH₃−CH=CH₂ are alkenes. The electron density on both carbons will be equivalent upon bond breaking in the ethylene molecule (CH₂=CH₂).

In contrast to the ethylene molecule, the substituted carbon atom in the propene molecule (CH₃−CH=CH₂) will have a higher electron density upon bond breaking and a higher reactivity toward the bromine atom.

Therefore, bromine will react more readily with the compound CH₃−CH=CH₂.

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