The mutation rate is the probability of a single gene mutating in an offspring bug.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

True

Explanation:

A mutation is any alteration in the genetic sequence of the genome of a particular organism. Mutations in the germline (i.e., gametes) can pass to the next generation, thereby these mutations can increase their frequency in the population if they are beneficial or 'adaptive' for the organism in the environment in which the organism lives (in this case, an insect/bug). The mutation rate can be defined as the probability of mutations in a single gene/locus/organism over time. Mutation rates are highly variable and they depend on the organism/cell that suffers the mutation (e.g., prokaryotic cells are more prone to suffer mutations compared to eukaryotic cells), type of mutations (e.g., point mutations, fragment deletions, etc), type of genetic sequence (e.g., mitochondrial DNA sequences are more prone to suffer mutations compared to nuclear DNA), type of cell (multicellular organisms), stage of development, etc. Thus, the mutation rate is the frequency by which a genetic sequence changes from the wild-type to a 'mutant' variant, which is often indicated as the number of mutations per round of replication, per gamete, per cell division, etc. In a single gene sequence, the mutation rate can be estimated as the number of de novo mutations per nucleotide per generation. For example, in humans, the mutation rate ranges from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻⁶ per gene per generation.


Related Questions

Which factor is a major cause of global warming?

Answers

Answer: increased burning of fuels

Explanation:

could i perhaps get brainliest

Answer:A

Explanation:

Which layer of the ocean do you think is most impacted by the Great Pacific Garbage Patch? Explain your answer.

Answers

The layer most  affected by the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is the abyssopelagic zone or bottom layer of the ocean.

What is Great Pacific Garbage Patch?

The term Great Pacific Garbage Patch refers to the accumulation of debris that have long been found along the North Pacific Ocean.

It has affected the ecosystem in the affected area and its impact is more greatly felt in the abyssopelagic zone or bottom layer of the ocean.

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Difference between pure tone and speech audiometer

Answers

Answer:

Speech audiometry assesses your ability to hear and comprehend spoken words. ... They are also charted on an audiogram, which measures the decibel level, frequency and gravity of hearing loss.

Pure-tone audiometry only measures audibility thresholds, rather than other aspects of hearing such as sound localization and speech recognition. ... However, there are benefits to using pure-tone audiometry over other forms of hearing test, such as click auditory brainstem response pure tone audiometry, which only gives an indication of absolute perceptual thresholds of tonal sounds (peripheral function), whereas speech audiometry determines speech intelligibility and discrimination

Explanation:

~Hope this helps ~

at least seven ways fungi can be beneficial

Answers

Answer:

- Fungi are an important source of food.

- Yeast, a unicellular fungus,is important in bakeries as it is used in the making of bread.

- Yeast also produces vitamin B.

- Fungi, like bacteria,are also good decomposers.

- Penicillin an important antibiotic is obtained from a fungus called Pencillium notatum.

- fungi are responsible for breaking down organic matter and releasing carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus into the soil and the atmosphere.

- Fungi are essential to many household and industrial processes, notably the making of bread, wine, beer, and certain cheeses.

Explanation:

hope this helps ^_^

1.La energía es la capacidad de un cuerpo para producir trabajo.

2.La energía se clasifica solamente en renovables.

3.Las ondas se pueden propagar en un medio o un espacio vacío.

4. Las ondas se pueden clasificar en longitudinales y transversales.

5. La energía cinética es aquella que se encuentra en movimiento.

6. El núcleo de la Tierra está formado
por metales, principalmente hierro y níquel, y en menor
cantidad por azufre y oxígeno.

7. La corteza terrestre está compuesta por rocas
8. La contaminación se puede
definir como la presencia o acumulación de sustancias en el medio ambiente
que afectan negativamente el entorno.

9. Los elementos de la tabla periódica se clasifican de acuerdo con sus propiedades y características
similares.

II. Escoge

1. Son fuentes de energías renovables:

2. Son fuentes de energías no renovables:

3. Partes de las ondas:
15. La ciencia que estudia los seres vivos es:

16. En la biotecnología se incluyen las áreas de:

17. Consiste en la liberación de sustancias químicas a la atmósfera que alteran su composición.

18. Se debe a la presencia de desechos en el agua. La contaminación de mares, ríos y lagos se produce por
las actividades del ser humano.

19. Se debe a la acción humana (los residuos y la basura arrojada en cualquier superficie terrestre).

20. Cuando el contaminante es una sustancia química que procede normalmente de los usos industriales.

21. Surge con la emisión de fluidos a elevadascontaminación.

22. La actividad humana produce mucho ruido, y los altos decibelios en un determinado lugar por encima de sus niveles naturales marcan la contaminacion.​

Answers

Answer:

La actividad humana produce mucho ruido, y los altos decibelios en un determinó do lugar por encima de sus niveles naturales marcan la contaminación.

Explanation:

Creo que es la respuesta

Which model shows a way that large molecules can enter a cell without using
the cell's energy?

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

There was no C and D on yours but here is a picture of my son's exam.

question on picture for biology

Answers

Answer:

water enteringthrough the lungs

Explanation:

hope it's correct

Answer:

water entering through the lungs

Explanation:

5) Select True or False. If False, select the statement that makes it True. A piece of plastic is not a mineral because it is made in a factory and is not found naturally in the Earth. True False; A piece of plastic is a mineral because it is inorganic. False; A piece of plastic is a mineral because it is made in a factory and is not found naturally in the Earth False; A piece of plastic is a mineral because it is a mixture.​

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The answer is true because Plastic is not a mineral. It is a solid and it has a definite chemical composition. Plastic is made from oil (an organic material) and it is made by humans - plastic is not a naturally occurring substance.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

cuál es el límite entre la cavidad torácica y abdominal?

Answers

Answer:

El diafragma es un músculo en forma de cúpula que separa la cavidad torácica (pulmones y corazón) de la cavidad abdominal (intestinos, estómago, hígado, etc.).

Explanation:

The increase in fossil fuel burning since mid-19th century is increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere true or false

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

this is a true statement.

:)
Fossil fuels are formed when organic material is subjected to extreme temperatures and pressure over many years. Where are does the
energy trapped within fossil fuels ultimately come from?
A)geothermal energy trapped within Earth
B)
the Sun's energy trapped in the organisms
C)
heat energy generated due to high pressure
D)
energy released by decomposition reactions

Answers

B) the sun’s energy trapped in organisms

Where would you be likely to find the alpine tundra biome?
a. the Russian north woods
b. central plains of the United States
c. the southern most tip of Australia
d. a mountain range in Europe

Answers

Answer:

The answer is D.

Explanation:

D- A mountain range in Europe

Alpine tundra is found on high-latitude landmasses, above the Arctic Circle like Russia, Greenland, Iceland, and Scandinavia. Thus option A is correct

What is alpine tundra?

Alpine tundra is a type of ecosystem that occurs at high elevations characterized by colder temperatures, long winters, and growing seasons are shorter with no trees.

The Russian north woods have Treeless tundra and distinctive vegetation known as Beringian woodland, high mountain range, and long winter. so option A is correct.

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Please answer as many as you can this is just a study guide

Answers

Answer:

01. the continued existence of organisms that are best adapted to their environment, with the extinction of others, as a concept in the Darwinian theory of evolution.

02. It shrinks as species begin fighting for resources.

03. The animal will experience a lack of growth.

04. Level 1: Plants and algae make their own food and are called producers. Level 2: Herbivores eat plants and are called primary consumers. Level 3: Carnivores that eat herbivores are called secondary consumers. Level 4: Carnivores that eat other carnivores are called tertiary consumers.

Explanation:

which organ is responsible for helping to keep the water concentration equal on each side of the cell membrane?
(please help I've been stuck on this for 2 days)

Answers

Answer:

solute membrane

Explanation:

Kidney is the main organ which is responsible for helping to keep the water concentration equal on each side of the cell membrane.

What is Kidney?

The kidneys are the main organs in the body which remove waste products and extra water from the blood in the form of urine and also help to keep the chemicals such as sodium, potassium, and calcium balanced in the body. The kidneys also secrete hormones which help control blood pressure and stimulate bone marrow to make red blood cells.

Kidneys maintain water concentration in the body. Kidneys maintain homeostasis through osmosis. Osmosis is the phenomenon of movement of water or fluid particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

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What is the distinctive feature of entrepreneurship?
A.
An entrepreneur gets funds from the government.
B.
An entrepreneur raises capital from the market.
C.
An entrepreneur only invests capital in the venture and has no decision-making power.
D.
An entrepreneur enjoys all the profits and absorbs the losses.

Answers

Answer: Option D.

An entrepreneur enjoys all the profits and absorbs the losses

Explanation:

An entrepreneur is someone who set up a business and also enjoy all the profits and bear its lose. An entrepreneur is an initiator of new things and procedures. He creates a new business using his on creative ideas, innovations and the proceedings to the involved. He is the sole contributor of ideas and capital involved.

2. What is the main function of the a Reproductive System

Answers

to give birth to youg one

Earthquakes occur when:

A.the earth's plates rub against each other
B.magma squeezes through cracks in the crust
C.eroded sediment is carried away
D.heat and pressure build up under the surface

Answers

I think it is a I’m pretty sure

Answer:

B: magma squeezes through crcks in the crust

Explanation:

Lava (magma that has erupted onto the Earth's surface) is visually mesmerizing – as the molten rock flows downhill, lava exposed to the air cools to a deep black color, while the molten rock beneath glows bright orange.

im not sure ha but ok nadin yan

The characteristic of light waves that makes objects appear bent when placed in water is called
A.Reflection
B.interference
C.bending
D.refraction

Answers

Answer:

D: Refraction

Explanation:

A: Reflection is not when light goes through water. C: Bending is not the correct term used.

what is the long term impact on the environment from agriculture

Answers

Answer:

agriculture help the environment

Explanation:

Like in making of money and to prevent famine over a period of time

A solution in which the concentration of solutes is the same inside and outside of a cell is a _______________________ solution: *

hypertonic
hypotonic
isotonic
None of the above

Answers

hypotonic is the answer

How much time does it take to use 300 W of power to do 1800 J of work? Round your answer to the near
number.
SERE
The time is
S.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is 6 secs rounded to nearest ten is 10

Explanation:

hope it helps

Compare and contrast the methods used by bacteria and protozoa to stay alive. Even when conditions within the environment are
unfavorable for the growth and survival of the organism.

Answers

Answer:

Protozoa formed cysts and bacteria produces endospores.

Explanation:

Protozoa can survive in dry and unfavourable environments, by producing resting cysts that enable them to remain dormant until conditions are favourable while on the other hand, bacteria produce special dehydrated cells called Endospore which helps the bacteria to survive unfavourable environmental conditions. These endospores help bacteria to resist high temperature, radiation, drying, and other environmental extremes.

From fossil evidence, you know two species shared a common ancestor approximately 50 million years ago. In comparing a known neutral sequence between rats and mouse, you found 92 base differences in 1000bp. From this information, which of the following values is closest to what you would predict the mutation rate to be?
a. 1 x 10-9
b. 4 x 10-9
c. 2 x 10-9
d. 5 x 10-9
e. 5 x 10-8
f. 8 x 10-9

Answers

Answer:

Option c ([tex]2\times 10^{-9}[/tex]) is the correct alternative.

Explanation:

Given:

Common ancestor,

= 50 million years ago

Base differences,

= 92

Now,

The predicted mutation rate will be:

= [tex]\frac{92}{50\times 10^6\times 1000}[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{1.84}{10^9}[/tex]

= [tex]1.84\times 10^{-9}[/tex]

or,

= [tex]2\times 10^{-9}[/tex]

Thus the above solution is the right one.

The human body is made up of several organ systems that work as a unit to allow the body to function properly. When the body is invaded by the E. coli bacteria from ingesting undercooked meat, a person will likely experience diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Which of the following system failed to do its job?
(I’ll give brainliest)

A. Digestive System
B. Excretory System
C. Nervous System
D. Immune System

Answers

I believe the correct answer is B
It is answered D. Immune system fights against invasion on bacteria, viruses... It is not B because excretory system is responsible for removing metabolic wastes from your body

Can somebody help me out

Answers

Answer: HALF

Explanation:

CONTEXT CLUES AND I TOOK IT BEFORE

The answer is Half for sure

Elements in the same column of the periodic table of the elements all
A. have the same number of protons.
B. share the same atomic structure.
C. have similar physical characteristics.
D. share the same number of neutrons

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

elements in the same column have different number of protons and different number of neutrons.

Elements in the same column of the periodic table of elements all share the same atomic structure. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

What is the similarity in the elements that belong to the same column?

Each column is called a group. The elements in each group have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital. Those outer electrons are also called valence electrons. They are the electrons involved in chemical bonds with other elements.

The number of protons governs the atomic number of an element. So, elements never have the same number of protons. The number of neutrons along with protons governs the atomic mass of an element which also never remains the same.

The physical characteristics of any element depend on the majority of the attributes. So, it may also vary from element to element.

Therefore, elements in the same column of the periodic table of elements all share the same atomic structure. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

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What is the primary purpose of special-interest groups?
O A. To determine a person's social status
O B. To control the means of production
C. To teach people how to take care of themselves
D. To influence political decisions


Answers

Answer:

The answer is D. To influence political decisions

Explanation:

Urology nurses must pass the
ABU.
OWOCNCB.
O CCCN.
O NCLEX.

Answers

Answer:

Abu

Explanation:

Which is an example of heterozygous genotype?
[A] AA

[B] Aa

[C] aa

Answers

Answer:

[B] Aa

Explanation:

Heterozygous genotype means "having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes." That would mean that the letters are different, so Aa.

Answer:

b because one is dominate and other is a hybrid

Explanation:

Rearrange them in the correct sequence.

Harvesting, Sowing, Manuring, Tilling and Ploughing, Irrigation, Weeding.

Plzz Help ASAP​

plz ASAPPP

Answers

Tilling, Ploughing, Sowing, Manuring, Irrigation, Weeding, Harvesting.
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