Black box machine learning models are presently employed for critical decision-making across society, which is problematic for the criminal justice system, healthcare, and other areas.
What is Black-box machine?
Some people believe that developing explanations for these black box models will help to solve some of the issues, but explaining black box models rather than developing models that can be understood in the first place is more likely to encourage bad behaviour and has the potential to be very harmful to society. Designing models that are automatically interpretable is the way to go.
This Perspective explains the difference between explaining black boxes and using inherently interpretable models, lists several important arguments against using explainable black boxes in high-stakes decisions, discusses obstacles to interpretable machine learning, and offers a number of examples where black box models might be replaced by interpretable ones in the fields of criminal justice, healthcare, and computer vision.
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according to a 2016 government accountability office study, schools that are predominantly black or latino have
Fewer math, science, and college preparatory coursework but higher property levels.
What is the property known as?Anything over which a company has legal ownership is considered property. Property can refer to both real objects, like homes, automobiles, or appliances, as well as intangible items with the potential for future value, like securities certificates.
Which two categories of property are the most common?Property can be divided into actual and personal categories. These two groups will have different assessment processes and tax rates. In general, real property includes both land and anything that is permanently affixed to it (e.g. wells or buildings).
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Which of the following clauses of the Constitution could the Supreme Court have used when deciding the case Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
A) "The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during times of good behavior."
B) The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed."
C) "In all other cases before mentioned, the supreme court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact."
D) "The judicial power shall extend to all cases, law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made."
The following clauses of the Constitution could the Supreme Court have used when deciding the case Marbury v. Madison (1803) is option D. "The judicial power shall extend to all cases, law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made."
What informs Marbury v. Madison (1803)?Marbury v. Madison started when the administration of U.S. President Thomas Jefferson prevented from William Marbury a judgeship commission that had earlier been standardized in the dying minutes of the preceding president John Adams administration but not delivered before Jefferson's assumption of office.
Therefore, the correct answer is as given above
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What letter would you travel to hunt for survivors?
Answer: A
Explanation:
FILL IN THE BLANK. Members of several local environmental groups propose that nearly all of the buildings be removed and the area turned into a regional hiking and camping area, with very limited vehicle access. This will preserve the natural areas while providing recreation for the city dwellers. One issue that is raised by opponents is ________.
One issue that is raised by opponents is whether the revenue obtained from users can pay and reimburse the cost of changes and maintenance of the facility.
This issue will be raised by the opponents because it is a normal issue regarding the development of the facility and the operating costs. One of the things that is very necessary in building a public facility, as in the example above is a regional hiking and camping area, is the maintenance problem. Who will pay for the maintenance of the facility? Without an institution that is able to finance the facility, it will be abandoned because there is no one who provide the maintenance.
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Is there a link between sentences and social class? Between sentences and race?
There is a close connection between SES, race, and ethnicity. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2009 report, research has demonstrated that a person's socioeconomic status is frequently determined by their race and ethnicity in terms of stratification.
Furthermore, SES, race, and ethnicity frequently divide communities.
How is the connection between race and criminal activity explained?
Academic research, government surveys, media coverage, and public concern all focus on race as a correlate of crime. Racial disparities in crime have been linked to factors like social status, poverty, and early exposure to violent behavior.
What is the connection among race and capital punishment?
In the United States, a defendant's or a victim's skin color plays a significant and unacceptable role in determining who receives the death penalty. Since 1976, people of color have been responsible for 43% of all executions and 55% of those awaiting execution.
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a formal essay that presents an argument or claim and uses third-person point of view concerning art or writing
A formal essay about writing or art that makes a claim or makes an argument from a third-person perspective. When writing an analytical essay, you must make a claim or argument regarding the subject you are studying.
A summary is not what an analytical essay is Analytical essays typically focus on the writing style of the text, for instance, how specific ideas are presented in a narrative. An analytical essay examines many elements of written works. literary analysis This kind of essay analyzes a text's concepts by picking one ideology to view via the literary prism of different ideologies.
The primary argument is a statement. Although there are several varieties of essays, they are sometimes divided into four groups: argumentative, expository, narrative, and descriptive.
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piaget underestimated the influence of when assessing the cognitive development of children. group of answer choices culture genetics intelligence biology
Piaget underestimated the influence intelligence of when assessing the cognitive development of children.
Explain cognitive development of Piaget theory.The broad theory of cognitive development by Piaget describes the origins and growth of human intelligence. He had the opinion that a person's early years have a significant influence on how they develop. Stage development theory is the name given to his theory. The theory addresses the fundamental nature of knowledge as well as how people acquire, create, and apply it. Piaget asserts that there are four major stages in a child's cognitive development. Children's conceptualization of the world changes with each stage, and Piaget observed that kids actively investigate and attempt to make sense of their surroundings. Infants develop their grasp of how to integrate their motor skills and sensory experiences (name a few senses).
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differences between muslims in the west and muslims in the east
There are many differences coupled with similarites in the Muslims of the East and the West.
What do you mean by Islam worldview?
The Islamic worldview emphasizes revealed knowledge and sees other types of inquiry as a means of knowing about and approaching Allah. The Western scientific worldview, on the other hand, is grounded in logic and belief in research and scientific procedures as its religion.With the beginning of the Almoravid dynasty movement on the Senegal River and as rulers and kings adopted Islam, Islam gained pace in West Africa during the 10th century. Then, slowly, Islam expanded across a large portion of the continent through trade and preaching.Any Muslim man who lives in the US, or Germany, or Britain, or any Western country, cannot marry but one woman at one timeTo know more about Islam here
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your supervisor at work wants you to take on the most difficult unwanted chore in the organization so she begins giving you small chores that build up to the bigger one while congratulating your work ethic the whole time.
"Lowball Procedure" is the answer.
Low-balling is a technique designed to gain compliance by making a very attractive initial offer (or to give (a customer) a deceptively low price or cost estimate) to induce a person to accept the offer and then making the terms less favorable (to give a markedly or unfairly low offer. low balling the customer in contract negotiations). Low Balling is more successful than when the less favorable request is made directly.
I suppose the question is :
Your supervisor at work wants you to take on the most difficult unwanted chore in the organization so she begins giving you small chores that build up to the bigger one while congratulating your work ethic the whole time.
a. Social norms
b. Information conformity effect
c. Normative conformity effect
d. Compliance
e. Lowball procedure
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2. What will be the consequences if we do not educate people with visual impairment?
Answer: Children with a vision-related learning problem will typically lose their place while reading and confuse similar looking words because they can't properly see the text. Because of this, children with poor vision often show signs of poor reading comprehension and may struggle to keep up with class assignments.
Explanation:
Lara is trying to remember what she had for dinner last Friday when her husband took her out to eat. According to the memory-systems perspective, this information is in Lara's _____ memory. short-termdeclarativesemanticepisodic
According to the memory-systems perspective, this information is in Lara's Episodic memory.
Which two types of memory are the most reliable?
Long-term memory systems can be divided into two categories: declarative memory and nondeclarative memory. Declarative memory enables us to recall details of past occurrences consciously. A person with impaired ageing is one who is more dependent and in poor health than is typical for their age. Making the necessary adaptations to maintain as autonomous and an active lifestyle as possible is a key component of effective ageing. Selective optimization with compensation is what is meant by this.
Procedural, semantic, and episodic memories are the three categories of memory from the standpoint of memory systems.
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The Federal Reserve System was created to...
a. ensure safe uniform currency
c. establish a gold standard
b. regulate thrift institutions
d. control the amount o f money in circulation
Answer: ensure safe uniform currency.
Explanation: It was created
to provide the nation with a safer, more flexible, and more stable monetary and financial system.
In which ethical leadership principle does the leader place issues of fairness at the center of their decision making? a. Manifests honesty b. Builds community c. Shows justice d. Respects others
The leader places fairness-related concerns at the heart of their decision-making according to the ethical leadership concept of "shows justice."
What's a good way to define leadership?"The process of taking control of a team or organization." The dictionary defines leadership in this way. Simply defined, being a leader entails taking risks and challenging the status quo. Leaders inspire their followers to take on bigger and more challenging tasks.
Why is leadership crucial?They are essential attributes to have because a capable leader can motivate his or her workforce to collaborate toward a shared goal by highlighting the best in each individual. To prevent delays, a capable team leader keeps the group motivated and engaged.
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wernicke area is necessary formultiple choicemotivation.smiling.processing visual images.initiating the muscular movements of speech.understanding and formulating coherent speech.
Wernicke area is necessary for understanding and formulating coherent speech.
What is the Wernicke area?
Motor neurons involved in speech comprehension are found in the Wernicke area of the brain. The initial description of this region was made in 1874 by German neurologist Carl Wernicke. The Wernicke area is situated in the left hemisphere's posterior part of the upper temporal convolution. Wernicke's area is named after the doctor who first recognized the mental processes connected to this area of the brain. Early in the 1870s, Carl Wernicke, a 26-year-old physician-in-training, treated a number of patients who had severe language comprehension problems. The Wernicke area, which is depicted in blue on the brain scan, facilitates phonologic retrieval, a crucial step in speech production that involves mentally representing the phonemes that need to be pronounced as well as their temporal order.
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3. which of the following major approaches is the most important to understand the complexity of communication?
To comprehend the complexity of communication, it is crucial to first grasp the various techniques.
Which type of procedure best encapsulates communication?According to the transmission model, communication is a one-way, linear process in which a sender encrypts a message before transmitting it across a channel to a receiver who decodes it.
What form of communication is the most effective and widespread?To exchange information, either words or sign language are used. Verbal communication can take place face-to-face or via other media including radio, television, and video conferencing.
What aspect of communication is most crucial?The secret to any good or efficient communication is feedback. It is one of the core components of the process of communication.
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who made up the middle class in colonies
please describe an experience in your life that has shaped who you are or allowed you to be your best self. examples
Here are some of the most memorable experiences in every person’s life that has in one way or another helped you become a better version of myself:
Having pet, for some people, getting their first pet is the first time they feel responsible for someone other than themselves. Feeding, bathing and walking inspires a sense of responsibility for the well-being of others. Having a pet is a source of joy for both of me. and stress, and one of the most fun experience for me to welcome another fulfilling year.Entering college, my experience when I entered college for the first time is one of the most memorable experience because in college I think my journey of independence will begin.We all have experiences that have taught us the most important lessons in life and changed the way we see the world. Some experiences are fun to remember, others are downright embarrassing. Every moment is precious and without them we would not be where we are today.
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From your perspective, what are some reasons lower or working class people may suffer from more illnesses and be overall unhealthier than individuals with greater financial stability?
Answer:
as the lower class people did not have the facilities or the primary needs so they can suffer highly and the financial stable individuals are having that facilities and they are financialy strong so they are not suffering from the illness than compare to the lower class people...
hope it will help you
after meeting with an external expert on climate change, an organization's risk professional will need to do all of the following, except:
An organization's risk professional will need to do several things after meeting with the external expert related to climate change, except "communicate all of the potential risks cited by the external expert to the board of directors". The correct answer is C.
An organization's risk professional should communicate to the organization after the meeting, rather than the board of directors, all of the potential risks identified by the external expert.
Understanding Enterprise Risk ManagementThis question relates to ERM, or enterprise risk management. Enterprise risk management can be defined as a risk-management approach that examines strategic planning from the perspective of the entire company or organization. It refers to a top-down approach aimed at identifying, assessing, and preparing for prospective losses, hazards, risks, and other possible causes of damage that may conflict with an organization's objectives and operations, which may result in losses.
This question should be provided with answer choices, which are:
A. Assess the potential severity of the risks to the organization.B. Recommend a treatment technique for risks with severe potential.C. Communicate all of the potential risks cited by the external expert to the board of directors.D. Identify those risks that are most likely to affect the organization.The correct answer is C.
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Cassie is at a company event out of town, where she doesn't know anyone very well. She looks around for an available person to network with, but everyone seems engaged in conversation and no one notices her. What would be an appropriate action for her to take next: a. Approach a group and say, "Hi, I'm Cassie from the Seattle office. May I get your name?" b. Go to the buffet and make herself a plate, while waiting for people to approach her. c. Walk around the room appearing to be engaged by the art, and hope someone comes and talks to her.
The action that would be appropriate for Cassie, who is at a company event out of town and doesn't know anyone very well, is to approach a group and say, "Hi, I'm Cassie from the Seattle office. May I get your name?". The correct answer is A.
More Proactive and Less ReactiveBeing proactive, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is acting in anticipation of upcoming difficulties, needs, or changes. Being pro-active entails planning for the future and concentrating more on the factors under our control than those outside of it. It also entails accepting responsibility. People who are proactive tend to be high performers, and if they are in the proper environment, they may advance further in their careers.
Being reactive, as opposed to proactive, means just waiting for (unpleasant) things to happen to us; our actions are dictated by circumstances rather than the other way around.
When Cassie approaches a group and announces herself and asks for names, it means she is being proactive, which is not only appropriate but also a smart decision.
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behavior is broadly defined as behavior that causes people to experience distress and prevents them from functioning in their daily lives.
Abnormal behavior is broadly defined as behavior that causes people to experience distress and prevents them from functioning in their daily lives.
Understanding the Abnormal BehaviorA deviation from societal norms is considered abnormal behavior. The variations might range from minor occurrences of mood swings to major situations where people kill themselves or wander around nak3d in public. There are several disputes around the concept of what constitutes abnormal behavior and what doesn't. Something that society A considers abnormal may be completely normal in culture B.
In spite of this, abnormal behavior may be observed anywhere, and most psychologists concur that everyone exhibits abnormal behavior at a certain time during their lives. Consequently, abnormality is not something that just pertains to a certain group or category of individuals, but rather is something that is universal and can occur at any point in a person's lifetime.
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Ann innkeeper will likely be liable for damage to, or loss of, a guest's property unless the damage was caused by : A) Acts of God B) such as flood or hurricaneC) Civil unrestD) The negligence of the guestE) All of the above
An innkeeper will likely be liable for damage to, or loss of, a guest's property unless the damage was caused by: acts of God, such as flood or hurricane; civil unrest; and, the negligence of the guest. All of the above options are correct, so the answer is E.
What is an innkeeper?An innkeeper is a person who owns or manages an inn or, sometimes, a hotel. Innkeepers and Assistant Innkeepers are responsible for greeting guests, and ensures that all areas of the Inn are properly cleaned and ready for guests' arrival. They also need to anticipates and assesses guests' needs and responds in a courteous and professional manner, including plans for, shops for, and prepares breakfast for all guests daily.
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Upon entering the circus Sally immediately smelled the popcorn, several minutes before her parents. Based on this information we can deduce that Sally has a lower __________ than her parents for the smell of popcorn.
We can infer from this data that Sally does have a lower absolute threshold for the scent of popcorn than her parents.
The definition of absolute threshold:The least amount of stimulation necessary to cause an action or cause a feeling. The absolute threshold is calculated over a number of trials. On 50% of trials, the lowest or least intense degree of stimulus (such as the faintest, most faint sound) can be heard.
Which elements influence the absolute threshold?The subject's targets and expectations, mental functions, and degree of stimulus adaptation are a few examples of the many variables that might affect the absolute threshold. Any stimulus's absolute threshold is a fixed value. Any stimulus has a different threshold.
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why was the intervention of cuneiform an important development
Answer:
With cuneiform, writers could tell stories, relate histories, and support the rule of kings. Cuneiform was used to record literature such as the Epic of Gilgamesh the oldest epic still known. Furthermore, cuneiform was used to communicate and formalize legal systems, most famously Hammurabi's Code.
3. cuny employees please contact your college administrator. please ensure to have your seven digit employee id.
All CUNY ID numbers issued are nine digits long. Each campus uses a set of numbers that starts with the number 666.
How public or private is the CUNY system?
CUNY, which was established in 1847 as the first free public institution of higher learning in the country, already has 25 colleges spread out among the five boroughs of New York City, serving 243,000 degree-seeking students of all ages and dispensing 55,000 degrees annually.
The 17-member Board of Trustees, ten of whom are chosen by the Governor of New York State and five by the Mayor of New York City, is in charge of running CUNY.
Therefore, The CUNY is the largest public urban university in the country and a vital part of the economic and social fabric of New York City.
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the no child left behind act of 2001 aimed to promote equality of opportunity with which two provisions
A provision allowing schools to display favorable test results for all child subgroups and a clause allowing parents of students in underperforming schools to move their children to performing schools.
What is child left behind Act 2001?
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act was reauthorized by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB), which also included Title I regulations that applied to underprivileged pupils. Based on the idea that setting high standards and creating quantifiable goals could enhance individual educational results, it supported standards-based education reform. States were required by the Act to create basic skills examinations. States were required to administer these tests to all children in a few grade levels in order to receive federal education money.
Each state created its own requirements in place of the act's assertion of a federal achievement criterion.
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harris rejects the alleged distinction and moral difference between attempts to cure dysfunction and attempts to enhance function where the enhancement protects life or health.
Harris bases his criticism on his conception of disability and what he refers to as "The moral continuum." He claims that "there is, in essence, no moral distinction between attempts to improve function and attempts to cure dysfunction provided the improvement safeguards life or health."
What do you mean by moral difference?
Morals and ethics concern "proper" and "bad" behavior. They are distinct, even if they are occasionally used interchangeably: The term "ethics" refers to guidelines established by a third party, such as religious or workplace morals or codes of conduct. Morals are a person's personal standards of what is right and wrong.Although there are many various kinds of moral principles, honesty, respect, responsibility, compassion, and forgiveness are some of the most crucial ones.To know more about Moral difference here
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in the single year of 2015, women were more than____times more likely than men to be the victims of intimate partner violence.
In the single year of 2015, women were more than ten times more likely than men to be the victims of intimate partner violence.
What proportion of women experience violence from intimate partners?The following are rates of reported intimate partner violence, per the National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In their lifetime, almost 1 in 4 women (23,2%) and 1 in 7 men (13,9%) had experienced severe physical abuse from an intimate partner violence.
What are the three most typical forms of violence against intimate partners?One of the most prevalent types of violence against women is intimate relationship violence, which involves controlling behaviors on the part of an intimate partner as well as physical, sexual, and mental abuse.
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In three to five sentences, identify how the Sons of Liberty and the Daughters of Liberty supported independence for the American colonies.
There is a double liability if both party A is insolvent and party B is insolvent.
There is a double liability if both party A is insolvent and party B is insolvent is true.
What liabilities are included in insolvency?A situation where a company's obligations outweigh its assets is known as balance sheet insolvency. The inability of a business to pay its debts as they become due is known as cash flow insolvency. When taxpayers' total liabilities surpass their total assets, they are considered insolvent. The "insolvency" exception permits the forgiven debt to be disregarded as income.
The amount to which a taxpayer is insolvent often does not require the inclusion of forgiven debts in income. Insolvency can take one of two forms: either on the balance sheet or the cash flow statement. When a person or business lacks the proper method of payment but has enough assets to cover what is owed, they are said to be in cash-flow insolvent. When a person or business is unable to meet its financial obligations, for paying the debt to lenders on time. Bank shareholders were encouraged by double liability to voluntarily liquidate their institutions before losses grew too high in order to prevent insolvency.
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