On the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, Gene Ontology Term (GO:0009898) Those proteins that are embedded, anchored, or adhered to the surface of the leaflet of the plasma membrane that confronts the cytoplasm are defined.
The term "transmembrane proteins" refers to proteins that span the whole membrane. An integral membrane protein typically has hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, with the former being located inside the membrane and the latter being found outside of it. These compartments, in the case of the plasma membrane, are the cell's inside and exterior. The particular tasks of the plasma membrane, such as selective chemical transport and cell-cell identification, are carried out by proteins embedded inside the phospholipid bilayer.
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A researcher designs an experiment to investigate the effect of environmental temperature on the function of an enzyme. For each trial included in the experiment, the researcher will add the enzyme and its substrate to an aqueous buffer solution and then measure the amount of product formed over 20 minutes.
Which of the following must remain the same for all trials of this experiment?
The following should remain the same for all trials of this experiment :The initial concentration of substrate.
What must remain the same for all trials of this experiment?If the researcher keeps initial concentration of the substrate constant, then it will give room to compare the reaction rates under different environmental conditions. The reaction rates assist the researcher by providing necessary and important information about the function of enzyme in different environments.
When the temperature increases, then the rate of enzyme activity also increases. An optimum activity is reached at the optimum temperature of enzyme. A continued increase in temperature results in the sharp decrease in activity as the site of enzyme changes shape.
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Which statement below accurately describes how sweating helps maintain homeostasis?
A. Skin cells absorb water into the body, which absorbs heat and cools the cells
B. Water on the skin evaporates into the air, pulling heat from the body
C. Water condenses on the skin and absorbs heat from the body
D. Water on the skin evaporates into the air, pulling heat out of the air around the body
Answer:
Water on the skin evaporates into the air, pulling heat out of the air around the body -describes the process of evaporative cooling.
Explanation:
ect the best answer for the question. 3. Which statement below accurately describes the process of evaporative cooling? A. Water on the skin evaporates into the air, pulling heat from the body B. Water on the skin evaporates into the air, pulling heat out of the air around the body C. Water condenses on the skin and absorbs heat from the body D. Skin cells absorb water into the body, which absorbs heat and cool the cells
if a dna template strand has a sequence of 3 tacaatgtagcc 5, the rna produced from it will be which sequence?
The rna strand contains the sequence 3'AUGUUACAUCGG 5', whereas the dna template strand has a sequence of 3' TACAATGTAGCC 5'.
The genetic information is encoded in DNA, which is then passed on to daughter cells through a number of biological processes.The DNA strands known as complementary strands are also known as antisense strands or nonsense strands since they are not employed in the replication process.The trends that are utilized to decipher the information and are subsequently translated into an RNA strand are known as template strands.The template strand's complementary sequence is 3' AUGUUACAUCGG 5', and its genetic code is 3' TACAATGTAGCC 5'.
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8. Which of the following is NOT an example of potential energy?
A. A running woman
B. A compressed spring
C. An apple dangling off a branch
D. A candy bar
Answer:
A running woman
Explanation:
A running woman is not an example of potential energy because potential energy is stored energy that is not yet being used. A running woman is using energy and is not storing it.
Can 2 objects made from exactly same substance but different shape or size have the same density? Make a graph
Yes, 2 objects made from exactly same substance but different shape or size have the same density.
How is it possible for items to have varying sizes but the same density?A substance's density is typically independent of its size, both large and small, and independent of its shape. Despite having distinct masses and volumes, a gold brick and a statue both have the same density. A substance's density is generally understood to be its mass per unit volume.
Therefore, object with the highest density will be the smaller of two things if they both have the same mass but differ in size. So one can say that two things have comparable densities if they have the same mass.
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of the following chromosomal abnormalities, which type is most likely to be viable in humans?
In humans, trisomy type is most likely to occur. The least dangerous sort of DNA mutation is typically a point mutation.
What is Turner syndrome?
the alteration of a single nitrogen base in a DNA sequence. Messenger RNA "reads" codons, which are composed of three nitrogen bases consecutively, during transcription. Turner syndrome is distinguished by an XO chromosomal pattern, which means that there is only one X and no Y chromosome. In humans, gametes are haploid cells with 23 chromosomes.one of each chromosomal pair found in diplod cells and are hence haploid. The symbol for the number of chromosomes in a single set is n. Occasionally, some cells develop full additional sets of chromosomes. cells with 69 chromosomes overall and one extra set of chromosomes.
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which factor will most directly determine what type of specialized cell will be produced?
The factor that will most directly determine what type of specialized cell will be produced is in the genes that are expressed.
How are specialized cells produced?A specialized cell is one that has specific characteristics that allow it to excel at its job. Differentiation of cells is the process by which an unspecialized cell becomes specialized.These highly specialized cells must all develop from unspecialized stem cells. By dividing, stem cells generate new cells. These new cells can then divide and differentiate into specialized cells under the right conditions. Stem cells can also divide to generate new stem cells to replace those that have died.Learn more about specialized cell here: brainly.com/question/12730320
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what term is used to describe a period characterized by very high rates of speciation?
There are four major variants of speciation: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric. Rapid sympatric speciation is a period characterized by very high rates of speciation.
Adaptive radiation is a rapid increase in the number of species with a common ancestor, characterized by great ecological and morphological diversity. Speciation is how a new kind of plant or animal species is created. Speciation occurs when a group within a species separates from other members of its species and develops its own unique characteristics.
Sympatric speciation is the evolutionary process whereby species are formed from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic area.
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Place each label in the proper position to designate the appropriate glial cell?
- form the myelin sheath in the CNS
Ependymal Cells- ciliated cells resembling epithelium
- produce and circulate CSF
Microglia- macrophages of the CNS
Astrocytes- most abundant CNS glial cells
- multi-functioning cell involved with neurogenesis, scar formation, etc.
Schwann Cells- form the myelin sheath in the PNS
- insulate neurons and enhance the rate of transmission in the PNS
Satellite Cells- surround and insulate cells of the PNS and found around the somas
Glia are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses. They are also known as glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia. They keep the body in balance, form myelin in the peripheral nervous system, and support and protect neurons. Glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, and microglia in the central nervous system, and Schwann cells and satellite cells in the peripheral nervous system.
Glial cells are far more diverse and functional than neurons, and they can respond to and manipulate neurotransmission in a variety of ways. They can also have an impact on memory preservation and consolidation.
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Look at the drawing of a normal strand of mRNA and a mutation that takes place in the strand of mRNA.
What type of mutation has occurred?
A substitution of the cysteine polypeptide with the stop polypeptide has caused the mRNA strand to delete the code for alanine.
B
An insertion of an adenine base has caused changes in every amino acid on the mRNA strand following the point of insertion
C
An insertion of an adenine base has caused the mRNA strand to code for a stop codon.
D
A substitution of the uracil base with an adenine base has caused the codon for cysteine to be change to a stop codon.
Every amino acid on the mRNA strand after the location of the adenine base insertion has undergone modifications.
What is the technique through which a DNA molecule's nucleotide sequence is used to create a strand of mRNA?Gene expression begins with transcription. To create an RNA molecule, the DNA sequence of a gene must be copied. RNA polymerases, which join nucleotides to create an RNA strand, carry out transcription.
What occurs when RNA undergoes a mutation?The proteins produced from that copy of the RNA, but not all copies in the future, will therefore be affected by any RNA alterations. A single copy of RNA can be used to make several proteins, therefore mutations in just RNA will affect the cell but only temporarily unless the mutation also affects the protein-coding genes.
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What would happen if our bodies could not metabolize glucose
Answer:
Poor glucose metabolism leads to diabetes mellitus.
Explanation:
Which hormone suppresses spermatogenesis without affecting testosterone secretion?
The answer is option c- Inhibin. While not affect the release of testosterone, the inhibin hormone inhibits spermatogenesis. A pituitary cell culture bioassay was used to determine the amount of inhibition in testis cytosols.
While the HT implants tripled serum testosterone and kept the testicular weight at 75–85% of pre-treatment levels, the LT implants kept serum testosterone control levels and increased testicular weight. Inhibin B is well correlated with FSH in sperm concentration, supporting them as serum characteristics of spermatogenesis. Inhibin B is likely the essential feedback regulator of FSH secretion. Adult spermatogenic activity is necessary when inhibin B levels in the serum are maintained at detectable levels.
Thus, we can conclude that option c—inhibin—is the correct choice. The inhibin hormone prevents spermatogenesis from happening while having no effect on testosterone release.
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Your question is incomplete. Please find the complete question below.
What hormone suppresses spermatogenesis without affecting testosterone secretion?
A. gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
B. testosterone itself
C. inhibin
D. luteinizing hormone (LH)
E. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Which of the following is a correct statement after the process of cell division?
The cell's volume increases.
It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients.
The cell has DNA overload.
Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA.
The correct statement after the process of cell division is Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA. Option D is the correct answer.
What is cell division?This refers to the process by which a parent cell splits into two daughter cells. Cell division usually takes place as part of a bigger cell cycle in which the cell increase in size and replicates its chromosome before splitting.
There are two types of cell division
Mitosis - This refers to the process your body cells use to produce the exact species of themselves ·Meiosis- This refers to the type of cell division that reduces the amount of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. This process is needed to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction.Learn more about cell division on
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Receptors that bind the neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic cell membrane are voltage-gated.
a. true
b. false
The given statement is false. Receptors that bind the neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic cell membrane are not voltage-gated.
There are two types of receptors at the postsynaptic cell membranes that can bind with neurotransmitters. The two types of receptors are ionotropic receptors and metabotropic receptors. The ionotropic receptors are ligand-gated receptors. The metabotropic receptors are G-protein coupled receptors.
Therefore, the receptors at the postsynaptic cell membrane are not voltage-gated but are the one that are ligand-gated.
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____________ is a stretch of dna consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
Operon is a stretch of DNA consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
In genetics, an operon is a functional unit of DNA that contains a cluster of genes controlled by a single promoter. The genes are transcribed into a single strand of mRNA and either translated together in the cytoplasm or spliced to produce mono-cistronic mRNAs that are translated separately, i.e. several strands of mRNA that each encode a single gene product. As a result, the operon's genes are either expressed together or not expressed at all. An operon is defined by the co-transcription of several genes.
Operons can also be found in viruses like bacteriophages. T7 phages, for example, have two operons. The first operon encodes a variety of products, including a unique T7 RNA polymerase that can bind to and transcribe the second operon. The second operon contains a lysis gene, which causes the host cell to burst.
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the features of this model provide evidence for which explanation of why all growing strands are synthesized in a 5′ to 3′ direction?
The orientation of DNA strand synthesis must be 5'-3'. The oxygen atom linked to the 3′ carbon of the developing strand makes a covalent bond with the phosphate group, bound to the 5′ carbon of the dTMP (Option D).
What is DNA strand ?
Because the two DNA strands are made up of simpler monomeric units termed nucleotides, they are referred to as polynucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and one of the four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A], or thymine [T]). An alternating sugar-phosphate backbone is created when the nucleotides are linked together in a chain by covalent connections (also referred to as the phospho-diester linkage) between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next. To create double-stranded DNA, the nitrogenous bases of the two distinct polynucleotide strands are joined by hydrogen bonds in accordance with the base pairing principles (A with T and C with G).
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Amanda looks at an animal cell under a microscope and sketches the cell. She notices that the cell is in a phase of mitosis, so she asks her friend to identify the phase. Her friend identified the cell as being in prophase. What should she be observing in order to correctly label her sketch as prophase?
A. the chromosomes are visible, spindle fibers form, and the nuclear envelope disappears.
B. the cytoplasm starts to split into two new cells and the two new nuclei develop
C. the chromosomes move away from the center to either side of the cells.
D. the duplicated chromosomes line up at the center of the cell
Her friend identified the cell as being in prophase therefore what she should she be observing in order to correctly label her sketch as prophase is . the chromosomes are visible, spindle fibers form, and the nuclear envelope disappears which is therefore denoted as option A.
What is Mitosis?This is referred to as type of cell division in which the parent cell gives rise to two identical daughter cells and occur during the growth and replacement of tissues in the body system
Prophase is the first stage of mitosis and it is characterized by the following features such as:
Condensation of chromosomes.Movement of the centrosomes.Formation of the mitotic spindle.Nucleoli break down.The features mentioned above are synonymous with those of option A which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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Before the cell can divide again, it must grow and synthesize proteins during the ________ phase and duplicate its chromosomes during the S phase.
Before the cell can divide again, it must grow and synthesize proteins during the G1 phase and duplicate its chromosomes during the S phase.
The G1 phase is the Growth phase of the Interphase of cell cycle. It involves the growth of the cell as well as the synthesis of proteins that are required in the next phase of cell cycle for DNA replication which is the S phase.
Chromosomes are the compact form of genetic material. It is comprised of DNA and histone proteins. The structure of chromosomes consists of 2 sister chromatids joined at the constricted region of DNA called centromere. These sister chromatids are identical genetically.
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which repair mechanism uses an enzyme such as uvrabc to cut out an oligonucleotide containing the damaged dna?
An enzyme like uvrabc is used in the nucleotide-excision repair pathway to remove an oligonucleotide that contains the damaged DNA.
It is frequently referred to as an excinuclease because UvrABC endonuclease, a multienzyme complex found in bacteria, is involved in DNA repair through nucleotide excision repair.The enzyme created two cuts on the damaged DNA strand, one on either side of the damaged area, when UV-irradiated DNA was the substrate. The eighth phosphodiester bond on the 5' side of pyrimidine dimers was dissolved by the enzyme.A DNA polymerase subsequently plugs the hole left by the small section of the damaged.
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PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answer:
I think the answer A. I'm sorry If Wrong
Explanation:
The two-neuron chain allows increased communication and control of the effector organ. True/False?
It is true that the two-neuron chain enables greater communication and control over the effector organ.
Increased communication and control of the effector organ are made possible by the two neuron chain.
The ANS serves as a conduit between the CNS and its effector, and is composed of preganglionic and postganglionic neurons. These two neurons synapse outside of the central nervous system, in an autonomic ganglion.
Improved communication is made possible by the two-neuromuscular chain, which also controls the effector organ. The preganglionic neurons' cell bodies are located in the sympathetic division.
The preganglionic neurons' cell bodies are located in the brainstem or spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS).
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What is the difference between polypeptide and proteins?
According to Le Chatelier’s principle, what always happens to the equilibrium of a reaction when the temperature is reduced?
It shifts to the right.
It shifts to the left.
It shifts in the exothermic direction.
It shifts in the endothermic direction.
According to Le Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium of a reaction will shift in exothermic direction when the temperature is reduced.
What is Le-Chatelier's principle?
Le-Chatelier's principle is a principle in which the equilibrium adjusts itself whenever there is a change in the equilibrium conditions (i.e., pressure, temperature and concentration).
When reaction is an exothermic reaction, it means that the heat is released (increase in temperature) and when it is an endothermic reaction, it means that the heat is being absorbed (decrease in temperature).
According to Le Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium of a reaction will shift in exothermic direction when the temperature is reduced.
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Answer:
it shifts to the left
Explanation:
when either endothermic or exothermic if the temperature is reduced it sifts to the left.
HELPPP!!!!
What is the definition of human rights?
Rights that all human beings possess
Rights that people need to fight for
Rights that some human beings possess
Rights that are given by governments
sorry it says biology i meant to put english
Answer: Rights that all human beings possess
Explanation: Because it states human rights not just some human rights. Also Rights aren't given to you by anyone, your born with them if your an American citizen.
which group of organisms is difficult to control through immunization because of their rapid and unpredictable genetic mutations?
RNA viruses are challenging to immunize against due to their quick and unexpected genetic mutations.
Millions of lives are saved annually thanks to vaccination, which is a success story in global health and development. In order to create immunity, vaccines act in conjunction with your body's natural defenses. Your immune system reacts when you receive a vaccination. Immunization is the process of immunizing a person or an animal against an infectious agent or organism by vaccination. One of the biggest successes in contemporary medicine is immunization. Genetic mutations, which occur as your cells divide and generate duplicates of themselves, are modifications to your DNA sequence. Your DNA informs your body how to build and function genetic mutations.
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In lasik surgery, a laser is used to reshape the cornea of the eye to improve vision. The laser produces extremely short pulses of light, each containing 1. 0 mj of energy.
In Lasik surgery, the cornea of the eye is reshaped using a laser to enhance vision. The laser emits extremely brief light pulses with an energy of 1.0 mJ each. The answers to this question are:
A. The laser's wavelength is 193 nm.B. The average power applied to the cornea during a pulse is 50 kW.How is the 193 nm of the laser's wavelength calculated?We have given the information on Question A that the laser emits [tex]9.7x10^{14}[/tex] photons per pulse and that each pulse has 1.0 mJ of energy. We must determine the laser's wavelength.
The energy on each proton is calculated using this formula:
[tex]E_{photon}[/tex] = hf = hc
λ
Hence, the total energy of the pulse calculated as:
[tex](9.7x10^{14})E_{photon}= 1.0 x 10^{-3} J[/tex]Next, we need to calculated the amount of the wavelength as follows:
⇒ λ = [tex](\frac{9.7 x10^{14} }{1.1x10^{-3}J } )(6.626x10^{34} J.s)(3.0x10^{8} m/s)[/tex]⇒ λ = 193 nmThe laser's wavelength is 193 nm.
How is the 50 kW of the average power applied to the cornea during a pulse calculated?According to the information provided in Question B, the laser emits pulses of light with a total energy of 1.0 mJ that last a mere 20ns. The average power delivered to the cornea during a pulse must be calculated.
To calculate the average power per pulse, we use this formula:
[tex]P = \frac{E_{pulse} }{At_{pulse} }[/tex]Hence, the average power is calculated as follows:
[tex]P = \frac{1.1x10^{-3}J }{20x10^{-8}s }[/tex][tex]P =[/tex] 50 kWThe average power applied to the cornea during a pulse is 50 kW.
This question is incomplete. Here the correction:
In Lasik surgery, a laser is used to reshape the cornea of the eye to improve vision. The laser produces extremely short pulses of light, each containing 1.0 mJ of energy.
A. There are [tex]9.7x10^{14}[/tex] photons in each pulse. What is the wavelength of the laser?B. Each pulse lasts a mere 20ns. What is the average power delivered to the cornea during a pulse?Learn more about lasik surgery here: brainly.com/question/25945449
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25 points + brainliest image attached
Answer:
5 ways that you can prevent the spread of viruses:
Explanation:
Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.Avoid close contact with sick people.Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when sneezing or coughing.Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth.Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces.This newly created mrna molecule moves to the ____ (part of cell) where the process of translation can occur.
This newly created mRNA molecule moves to the cytoplasm where the process of translation can occur.
In molecular biology and genetics, translation is the technique in which ribosomes inside the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum synthesize proteins after the system of transcription of DNA to RNA in the mobile's nucleus. The entire technique is referred to as gene expression.
Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome happens in three degrees: initiation, elongation, and termination.
The translation is the procedure that takes the facts surpassed from DNA as messenger RNA and turns it into a series of amino acids bound collectively with peptide bonds. It is largely a translation from one code (nucleotide sequence) to any other code (amino acid collection).
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the presence of large land mammals led europeans toward an agricultural culture based on domestication of wildlife, rather than a hunting and gathering culture. this is an example of a cultural difference based on
The domestication of wildlife by Europeans led them away from a culture based on hunting and gathering and toward an agricultural civilization. This is an example of a cultural variance based on geography.
It examines geography and how individuals relate to their environment.
Geographers concentrate on the social networks that exist on the Earth's surface as well as its physical properties.
Pay attention to how human culture and the natural environment interact, as well as what various locations mean to various people. Geology is the study of how things evolve and change over time as well as their locations and reasons for existing.
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Complete question:
The presence of large land mammals led Europeans toward an agricultural culture based on domestication of wildlife, rather than a hunting and gathering culture. This is an example of a cultural difference based on __________.
▸ biology
▸ geography
▸ national borders
▸ language
Schleiden concluded all plants are made of cells and schwann concluded the same thing about animals. Together, how did they contribute to cell theory?.
Cell theory is a foundational concept in biology that states all living things are composed of cells, that cells are the basic unit of life and that all cells arise from pre-existing cells. This theory was developed in the mid-19th century by two German scientists, Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.
Schleiden was a botanist who concluded that all plants are made up of cells. He observed plant cells under the microscope and noted that they all had cell walls. He also proposed that the nucleus of a cell is the center of growth and reproduction. This was the first step towards establishing the modern cell theory.
Schwann was a zoologist who reached similar conclusions about cells in animals. He was the first to observe the nucleus in animal cells and he found that the cell walls of animals are more delicate than those of plants. He also discovered that cells arise from other cells through a process of division.
The two scientists came together to form the basis of the cell theory. They both demonstrated that all living things are composed of cells and that cells arise from pre-existing cells. This formed the starting point of the cell theory and is still accepted today as a fundamental concept in biology.
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