It is true. Deforestation diminishes fresh air supply, as trees are important oxygen productors. Besides, deforestation coupled with overpopulation, and industrial activities, do synergy (that is, the factors cooperate with each other) to diminish air quality. Other important factors are climatic ones, such as differences in atmospheric pression, which causes strong winds that might increase dust/particles in the air. Although, the most important contemporary factors diminishing air quality are anthropocentric.
In certain salamanders, the sex of a genetic female can be altered, making her into a functional male; these salamanders are called sex-reversed males. When a sex-reversed male is mated with a normal female, approximately ⅔ of the offspring are female and ⅓ are male. How is sex determined in these salamanders? Explain the results of this cross.
In the given salamanders, females are the heterogametic sex. The correct explanation of this cross is that both of the parents were ZW and WW offspring were not able to survive.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is:-
In a particular species of salamander, the sex of a female can be changed genetically, thereby transforming her into a male salamander. These particular type of salamanders are termed as sex-reversed males. When a sex-reversed male salamander is crossed with a female one (normal), about 2/3 of the offspring turn out to be female while 1/3 of them are male. Given this observation, which of the following options will be true for these salamanders?
A. Males are the heterogametic sex.
B. These salamanders display genic sex determination.
C. Females are the heterogametic sex.
D. Females are the homogametic sex.
E. They show hermaphroditism.
How can one explain the results of this cross?
1. The sex-reverse parent was ZZ, while the female parent was ZW and the ZW offspring could not survive.
2. The sex-reverse parent (male) possessed two W chromosomes.
3. Both of the parents were ZW type while the WW offspring were unable to survive.
4. The female parent possessed two Z chromosomes.
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HELP PLEASE ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS FOR ME!!!! ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS COMPLETLY. TAKE A SCREENSHOT AND EDIT AND UPLOAD PLEASE. i dont think the answers i have are correct. WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Assuming these genes are independent from each other and express complete dominance, 1) Ggbb: Gray hair and red eyes. ggbb: White hair and red eyes. ggBB: White hair and black eyes. GgBb: Gray hair and black eyes. 2) a- 8/16, b- 8/16, c- 0/16, d- 0/16. 3) a- 9/16, b- 3/16, c- 3/16, d- 1/16.
What are complete dominance and independent genes?Complete dominance is an inheritance pattern expressed by a gene in which one of the alleles dominates over the other allele, and hides its expression in the heterozygous state.
This means heterozygous individuals express dominant phenotypes.
Independent genes are those that code for different features and do not affect not depend on other genes.
During segregation, these genes assort independently, and the presence of one of them does not affect the expression of the other gene. There is no interaction between them.
In the exposed example, there are two genes coding for different traits. We will assume these genes are independent from each other and they express complete dominance.
Gene G codes for hair color- G is the dominant allele and codes for gray hair
- g is the recessive allele and codes for white hair
Gene B codes for eye color- B is the dominant allele and codes for black eyes
- b is the recessive allele and codes for red eyes
Dominant phenotypes
- Gray hair
- Black eyes
The presence of at least one dominant allele is enough to express the dominant phenotype.
1) the phenotypes of the rabbits with the following genotypes are,
Ggbb ⇒ Gray hair and red eyesggbb ⇒ White hair and red eyesggBB ⇒ White hair and black eyesGgBb ⇒ Gray hair and black eyes2) Cross 1:
Parentals) GGbb x ggBb
Gametes) Gb, Gb, Gb, Gb gB, gB, gb, gb
Punnett square) Gb Gb Gb Gb
gB GgBb GgBb GgBb GgBb
gB GgBb GgBb GgBb GgBb
gb Ggbb Ggbb Ggbb Ggbb
gb Ggbb Ggbb Ggbb Ggbb
F1)
8/16 = 1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be dihybrid GgBb and express gray hair and black eyes.
8/16 = 1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be heterozygous for hair color, Gg, and homozygous recessive for eye color, bb. These individuals (Ggbb) are expected to express gray hair and red eyes.
a- Gray fur and black eyes: 8/16
b- Gray fur and red eyes: 8/16
c- White fur and black eyes : 0/16
d- White fur and red eyes: 0/16
3) Cross 2:
Parentals) GgBb x GgBb
Gametes) GB, Gb, gB, gb GB, Gb, gB, gb
Punnett square) GB Gb gB gb
GB GGBB GGBb GgBB GgBb
Gb GGBb Ggbb GgBb Ggbb
gB GgBB GgBb ggBB ggBb
gb GgBb Ggbb ggBb ggbb
F1)
Genotype- 1/16 individuals are expected to be GGBB
- 2/16 individuals are expected to be GGBb
- 1/16 individuals are expected to be Ggbb
- 2/16 individuals are expected to be GgBB
- 4/16 individuals are expected to be GgBb
- 2/16 individuals are expected to be Ggbb
- 1/16 individuals are expected to be GgBB
- 2/16 individuals are expected to be ggBb
- 1/16 individuals are expected to be ggbb
Phenotype9/16 individuals are expected to express gray hair and black eyes, G-B-
3/16 individuals are expected to express gray hair and red eyes, G-bb
3/16 individuals are expected to express white hair and black eyes, ggB-
1/16 individuals are expected to express white hair and red eyes, ggbb
a- Gray fur and black eyes: 9/16
b- Gray fur and red eyes: 3/16
c- White fur and black eyes : 3/16
d- White fur and red eyes: 1/16
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How many times did the HIV-1 strain evolve from primates go affect humans? once twice many times
The HIV-1 evolved from primates to affect humans many times.
Is this a E. coli from a EMB media? I’m not sure
Answer: Does not appear so.
Explanation:
You can refer to my other answer to this same question but as stated before, EMB is typically dark red which is not the case for this media.
Compare the digestive systems of a flatworm and a human. Be sure to include examples of the various structures found in the digestive systems of both organisms. How are the digestive systems of humans and flatworms different? What are the major structures of the flatworm digestive system? What are the major structures of the human digestive system?
Flatworms belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes, which have bilateral symmetry, are not segmented, and don't have a body cavity (they are acoelomates).
They lack specialized circulatory and respiratory organs, so they have flattened shapes that allow the diffusion of oxygen and nutrients. Their digestive system has only one opening, the mouth, that is used for both ingestion and egestion (the release of undigested residues).
Flatworms' digestive system has the following structures:
• Mouth
,• Pharynx
,• Intestine
On the other hand, the human digestive system is composed of:
• Mouth
,• Pharynx
,• Esophagus
,• Stomach
,• Small intestine
,• Large intestine
,• Anus
We can see that compared to the human digestive system, flatworms' digestive systems are much simpler, as they lack many of the specialized structures that are present in humans.
Clones have the same exact _________.Select one:aphysical appearanceb.intelligencec.personality traitsd.genetic material
Explanation:
Clones have the same DNA and the same genes in their nucleus. Therefore, clones have the exact genetic material in their nucleus.
Answer:
The correct answer is D.
Draw a punnett square for one heterozygous Yellow bird, mixed with a recessive red bird. What color will the offspring be?Provide the possible genotype and phenotype outcomes.
They are giving us the parent's phenotype and genotype:
P1: Yellow, heterozygous
P2: Red, recessive homozygous
Let's assign the letter Y to the yellow allele and y to the red allele.
P1: Yy
P2:yy
Then the Punnett's square would be as follows:
This means 50% of the offspring would be heterozygous yellow birds, and the other 50% would be recessive homozygous red birds.
So, if there are 4 fledglings, 2 would be red and the other 2 would be yellow.
What is the responsibility of a scientist?
Scientists are responsible for conducting and communicating scientific work with integrity, respect, fairness, trustworthiness and transparency, and for considering the consequences of new knowledge and its application
In the figure, which areas are similar for all IgG antibodies?
A. a and b
B. a and c
C. b and c
D. c and d
E. b and d
In figure, c and d areas are similar for all IgG antibodies (Option d).
What are the antibodies of the immune system?The antibodies of the immune system can be defined as specific molecules that recognize antigens in order to destroy them during the immune response, which is composed of light chains and heavy chains that may be variable between distinct antibodies.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the antibodies of the immune system are composed of variable and common chains and they protect the body against antigens.
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Structure of the skin
Please see below image for skin structure
Which term describes an excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid on the brain?
O encephalitis
Ohydrocephalus
O epilepsy
O concussion
Its hydrocephalus.
Cited from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hydrocephalus/symptoms-causes/syc-20373604 "Hydrocephalus is the buildup of fluid in the cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain. The excess fluid increases the size of the ventricles and puts pressure on the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid normally flows through the ventricles and bathes the brain and spinal column. But the pressure of too much cerebrospinal fluid associated with hydrocephalus can damage brain tissues and cause a range of brain function problems."
When the brain is completely cut off from blood, what happens then?
The lack of blood in the brain is called brain ischemia, it can cause brain injuries and severe and permenent brain damage after around 10 minutes due to the lack of oxygen necessary for the brain cells to function. Moreover it can lead to death for anoxia.
NaOH to pure water. It releases OH: NaOH is a_____ and the pH will_____.
NaOH to pure water. It releases OH: NaOH is a base and the pH will increase.
At which position was the noon Sun on January 21, as viewed from Binghamton?1) above position 12) below position 33) between positions 1 and position 24) between position 2 and position 3I also need to know WHY it is the answer!!
The sun position by the Binghamton
Which of the following best explains the change in the frequency of penicillin resistance in S. aureus from 1940 to 2010?A) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin evolved to use penicillin as an energy source that nonresident strains could not use. B) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin developed a mutualistic relationship with humans, while the nonresident strains did not.C) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin evolved to produce more quickly than nonresident strains. D) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin survived and reproduced in the presence of the antibiotic, while nonresident strains did not.
The alternative that best explains the change in the frequency of penicillin resistence in S. aureus is:
D) S. aureus that were resistant to penicillin survived and reproduced in the presence of the antibiotic, while nonresident strains did not.
The bacteria strain resistance to a antibiotic melecule is a case of the ability to defeat the drug by the process of adaptation to the substance. When a organisms is exposed to a antibiotic for a long time it will adapt to survive, since artificial selection will take place by the pressure of the drug in the environment, being the bacteria that can survive and reproduce able to make everytime more resistant offspring.
Any pros to Kudzu in the environment? (Think of every possibility of it’s positive impact)
The pros of Kudzu in the environment are that it does an excellent job of preventing soil erosion.
The fact that kudzu grows rapidly is a benefit. It does an excellent job of preventing soil erosion thanks to its large leaves and robust root structure.
Additionally, kudzu has been utilized to feed animals and stop erosion. Particularly in the 1930s, Kudzu was a desirable option for erosion management because of its robust root system and quick development.
Kudzu is tasty and has generated excellent results when used as a pasture for dairy and beef cattle; tests revealed no differences in the milk's color or flavor. Kudzu can be used to generate high-quality silage by mixing it with grass or by being cut for cut-and-carry feeding systems.
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23. What do we call an organism’s genetic information that is a type of nucleicacid?A. carbohydratesB. DNAC. lipids
Genetic information
The molecule in charge of storing and passing to the offspring the genetic information is the nucleic acid DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid (option B).
to construct linkage maps, scientists estimate the distance between genes on the same chromosome based on the ______, as indicated by the percentage of recombinant offspring.
To construct linkage maps, scientists estimate the distance between genes on the same chromosome based on the crossover frequency, as indicated by the percentage of recombinant offspring.
On the same chromosome are linked genes. X-linked genes are found on the X chromosome, while genes that are sex-linked are found on a sex chromosome. Linkage maps that depict the positions of genes on chromosomes are created using the frequency of gene crossing-over.
The frequency of crossing-over between two genes on the same chromosome can be used to evaluate linkage. Non-homologous chromosomes do not share any genes. They autonomously assort during meiosis, which gives them a 50% chance of ending up in various gametes. Genes are assumed to be on the same (homologous) chromosome if they appear in different gametes less than 50% of the time, they tend to be inherited together.
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Which describes symbiosis?A. Two organisms belonging to different species live closely together and have non-specific interactions.B. Two organisms belonging to the same species living in the same area. One organism leeches resources from the other one.C. Two organisms belonging to different species live closely together and have specific interactions.D. Two organisms belonging to the same species living in the same area. They fight to have access to limited resources.
Symbiosis is a kind of ecological relationship where two or more species are closely related in terms of their living habits; they reciprocally benefit from these interactions, for example, they provide each part of the symbiosis with nutrients.
There are too many symbiotic relationships in nature, one of them we can find in organisms such as anemones, and clownfishes; in whale sharks and other fish species that tend to seal the oceans with them, and in pollination, being plants and insects, as we can see in the following pictures:
Considering this, we can say that the correct answer to the question is the third one: C. Two (or more) organisms belonging to different species live closely together and have specific interactions.
What causes wind?
A. The constant density of the air
B. The temperature differences of the hemispheres
C. The circulating air currents
D. The movement of the earths axis
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Wind is the movement of air, caused by the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun and the Earth's own rotation. Winds range from light breezes to natural hazards such as hurricanes and tornadoes.
Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences.Roset Help1. The outside of this organelle is surrounded by a double layer ofchloroplastthylakoidchlorophyll2. The thick fluid inside this organelle is where many of the reactions of photosynthesis take place. Thisfluid is called thestoma3. One of the single pancake-like discs in this organelle is called amembrane4. The entire organelle shown in the image is called agranumstroma5. One of the 'stacks of pancakes" is called awhich is the light-6. The reason this organello is green is because of the pigmentabsorbing molecule of this organelle.7. The gases needed as inputs for photosynthesis enter the plant through small pores called
In the first question: The outside of this organelle is surrounded by a double layer of thylakoids, which are modifications of the chloroplast's membrane.
In the second: The thick fluid inside this organelle is where many of the reactions of photosynthesis take place. This fluid is called the Stroma, which connects all the organs and serves as a buffer for the products and reactants in use.
In the third: One of the single pancake-like discs in this organelle is called a membrane granum.
In the fourth: The entire organelle shown in the image is called a chloroplast.
In the fifth: One of the 'stacks of pancakes" is called a which is the light-harvesting antennae.
In the sixth: The reason this organello is green is because of the pigment absorbing molecule of this organelle, the pigment is chlorophyll-a (at least in plants, and several unicellular photosynthetic organisms, but it is not the only one).
In the sevent: The gases needed as inputs for photosynthesis enter the plant through small pores called stomata.
Jane sees the following table in her science textbook:What is one conclusion that Jane can make from the information in the table?A. Since starfish cannot grow and develop, they cannot be considered living things.B. Since automobiles can respond to stimuli, they cannot be considered living thingsC. Since starfish cannot use resources for energy, they can be considered living thingsD. Since automobiles cannot reproduce, they cannot be considered living things.
Jane can conclude from the data in the table that since automobiles cannot reproduce, they cannot be considered living being. The biology definition of living being state that they have to be able to grow, reproduce, and respond to stimuli, having a proper metabolism.
What is meant by the term facultative anaerobe?
Answer:
-The term facultative anaerobe describe those organisms that can grow in both the presence or absence of oxygen.
-Facultative organisms are the most adaptable organisms that can survive in the presence, as well in the absence, of molecular oxygen.
What is happening in the stratosphere and thermosphere as altitude increases? A. The temperature decreases in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun. B. The temperature increases in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun. C. The temperature is normal in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun. D. The temperature is the same in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun
The correct option is B. The temperature increases in the stratosphere because ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, and in the thermosphere because of direct exposure to the sun. As altitude increases more ozone is formed and more solar radiation heats molecules, which results in increased temperature in both the stratosphere and the termosphere.
8. As you travel from a spreading center towards a coastline, what happens to the thickness of
sediment on the sea-floor? Explain why.
Answer:
the sediments get progressively thicker
Explanation:
Near mid-ocean ridge systems where new oceanic crust is being formed, sediments are thinner, as they have had less time to accumulate on the younger crust. As you move away from the ridge spreading center the sediments get progressively thicker (see section 4.
Which type of species below would best describe the population discussed on the paragraph to the left
The species that are heavily represent one extreme. "R" stands for reproduction. The progeny of this species receives only a modest expenditure of resources, but they are produced in large numbers.
So, the answer is R Selected.
What about species?A group of things that share the same kind and name: kind. A class of living creatures with a two-part scientific name that comes after a genus and is made up of related individuals capable of having fruitful children. A species is a group of plants or animals that may reproduce with one another and share common traits. Examples include the notion of a genetic species, which assumes that all organisms are capable of passing traits from one another within a common gene pool, and the ecological species concept, which defines a species as a group of organisms framed by the resources they depend on (otherwise known as their ecological niche). A group of creatures that can naturally reproduce with one another and generate viable progeny is sometimes referred to as a species. The billions of people on the planet now are all members of the same species, Homo sapiens. Human beings differ among themselves, just like other species do, in terms of everything from size and shape to skin tone and eye color.Names of species include, for instance: Homo sapiens (humans) feline cat (domestic cats) Venomous vultures (red fox).Learn more about species here:
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SpermatogoniumPrimaryspermatocyteSecondaryspermatocytesMaleMeiosis beginsMelosis]DogoniumPrimaryDocyteSecondaryDocyteFemaleMelosis beginsAbMelosis IPolarbodyEEBRERemember in meiosis, 4 daughter cells are formed. In themale, all four daughter cells will go on to form maturesperm with tails.12. In a female, how many of the 4 cells become the eggor ova?
Only one of the 4 cells become the egg or ova. Among the 4 cells, only 2 cells with 4 interconnections to become oocytes will continue the process. Among the 2 cells, only one become the ovum. The other cells continue to meiosis but will not be able to complete the process. The rest of the cells will become the nurse cells.
Suppose a mutation occurs in soma portion of DNA and this alters the resulting mRNA that is transcribed. Examine the original and mutated mRNA sequences below and describe how the mutation impacts the resulting protein using either of the codon charts.mRNA from original DNA:ACGGCAUUCAAGGCUACGUACCCUUCUAUCmRNA from mutated DNA:ACGGCAUUCAAAGCUACGUACCCUUCUAUCWhich is correct ? 1)It will cause the resulting amino acid to change 2) no amino acid change (silent mutation) 3) it will cause the protein synthesis to stop early
The answer would be the number 2) no amino acid change (silent mutation)
*When we examine the original sequence, we can notice that the ACGGCAUUC-AAG-GCUACGUACCCUUCUAUC mutated into ACGGCAUUC-AAA-GCUACGUACCCUUCUAUC.
*These codons AAG and AAA refer to LYSINE. Therefore, even if there is a change when the guanine (G) becomes adenine (A) in the mutated version, there is no change in the amino acid.
Q. Describe what is meant by a healthy diet. Explain the role of each of the nutrients below in the body: i. Proteins ii. Carbohydrates Q. Liam wants a test to find out if diet lemonade contains any sugar.Write a plan for Liam to use to test for sugar and predict the result he should get,with a reason. (6 marks)In this question you get marks for how well your answer is written.You will get marks for:spellinggrammarorganising your ideas and information clearlyusing key scientific words.
A healthy diet is one that contains a variety of different components, including macro and micro nutrients. It should maintain and promote a person's health over time.
Proteins are the main component in muscles, and also some specific types are enzymes, which help to carry out multiple functions inside cells.
Carbohydrates are processed inside the body to produce the energy to accomplish all functions to stay alive.
Nadia made a table that describes the function of the three main types of RNA. She labeled the RNA types with 1, 2, and 3. She also labeled the RNA types in an image that shows the structure of each type of RNA and models the process of protein synthesis. She used the labels X, Y, and Z in the image.Which combination correctly identifies a type of RNA from the table and the image? A. X and 1 represent rRNA B. Y and 2 represent mRNA C. Y and 3 represent tRNA D. Z and 2 represent mRNA
r(ibosomal)RNA is represented by 1 and Z
m(essenger)RNA is represented by 2 and X
t(ransfer)RNA is represented by 3 and Y
Then, the answer is C