the mutation rate of the achondroplasia gene in this population is 8.50 × 10⁻⁵
It is Given that Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder,
The total births = 94075,
Dwarfism achondroplasia affects ten infants.
The parents of two infants are also dwarfs. As a result, they passed on this condition to them.
Dwarfism caused by achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition. Therefore, those who inherit them from their parents must also have dwarf parents; those who do not have dwarf parents are the result of an achondroplasia gene mutation.
Infants having achondroplasia because of mutation = 10 - 2 = 8
8 infants have the achondroplasia gene mutation.
mutation rate = Infants with gene mutation / Total Infants
mutation rate = 8 / 94075 = 0.0000850 = 8.50 × 10-5
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WHAT TISSUE DOES A ARCTIC FOX HAVE
PLEASE HELP THIS IS DUE TODAY AT 10:13
Answer:
Arctic foxes have a central nervous system which consists of the brain and spinal cord only. This is where the sensory information is sent and also where actions and reflexes are coordinated.
Neurons are an important part of the nervous system. There are three types of neurons which are the sensory neurons, relay neurons, and the motor neurons. The sensory neurons control all of the body’s stimuli. The relay neuron helps the brain and spinal cord function and the motor neuron helps both glands and muscles function.
What is the name of the protein ""strings"" that come out of these structures that help move the sister chromatid?.
Dna is duplicated. currently, the chromosome consists of 2 sister chromatids that are joined together by cohesin proteins.
How does cohesin mitosis work?
In mitosis and meiosis, cohesin is a protein that is involved in the majority of chromosomal events. although it is yet unknown if mitotic chromosomes include meiosis-specific cohesin complexes that are functionally active.
What role does a cohesin serve?
For chromosome segregation to occur in dividing cells, cohesin, which mediates cohesion of replicated sister chromatids, is required. In addition to playing a critical regulatory role in cells that are proliferating and in cells that have completed the mitotic cycle, cohesin is necessary for the effective repair of dna damage.
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In humans, a slightly elevated temperature can be beneficial. Why? What happens if the fever is too high?
A slightly elevated temperature in our bodies can be beneficial when we got sick because this is how our bodies try to get rid of the pathogens or antigens that generate the infection. By doing this, microorganisms like bacteria face high temperatures in which they do not develop well their necessary metabolic processes to keep using our tissues to replicate themselves.
what geographic features spewed gases into earth's early atmosphere and what did this do to earth's temperature
Gases were thrown into the air by volcanoes. ices brought back from the stars by comets to earth.
What is earth's early atmosphere?As the ice warmed, it turned into gases, original atmosphere had nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and water vapor, or water in gas form.
Gases from the earth's core were ejected into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions, a process known as outgassing that is still happening today, carbon dioxide and water vapor made up the majority of the gas.
Therefore, as the earth's surface cooled, some of the water vapor condensed to create the seas, and these gases are thrown by the volcano.
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Dragonflies are flying insects. In the summer, dragonflies can be seen perched on tree branches in an obelisk pose (i.e., a handstand position with the tip of their abdomen pointing upward). In 3–5 sentences, describe how dragonflies might control their body temperature and give reasons for why they might perch in this pose.(4 points)
The dragonflies perch on tree branches in obelisk pose to prevent overheating during the summers.
Overheating is the condition were the body temperature becomes unusually high. This why the dragonflies adapt the obelisk pose where the tip of the abdomen faces directly the sun. This lowers the surface area exposed to the sun and hence overheating is prevented.
Obelisk pose can be used for other purposes as well other than thermoregulation. It can be used by some species of dragonflies to guard their territories and conflict of a male with other males. A modified form of obelisk pose is also used during cold days to warm up the body.
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What type of mutation has occurred in the following example?
A.) deletion mutation
B.) insertion mutation
C.) point mutation
Which answer choice is correct? Use the pic to answer the question. Thxx
Answer:
C
Explanation:
First what is a point mutation?
A point mutation is a mutation that changes the sequence (simplified)
like you see in the image, the G changed to a C
A deletion mutation is a mutation that gets deleted from the sequence and that's it
A insertion mutation is a mutation that gets added into the sequence and that's it
Since nothing was added nor deleted, it is not A or B
therefore, we have C
Why is the era of nucleosynthesis so important in determining the chemical composition of the universe?.
The nucleosynthesis era is significant because it is when the nuclear fusion process produced all of the primordial hydrogen and helium.
Why is the nucleosynthesis era crucial for understanding the universe's chemical makeup?The chemical makeup of the universe is the same today as it was at the end of the nucleosynthesis epoch, with the exception of a minuscule quantity of matter created subsequently by stars.
Why is nucleosynthesis important? What is it?The process of creating new atomic nuclei—the protons and neutrons that make up an atom's center—is known as nucleosynthesis. Within a few minutes after the Big Bang, the process of nucleosynthesis began. At that time, a soup of quarks and gluons known as a quark-gluon plasma condensed into neutron and proton.
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a particular small noncoding rna that is linked to spermatogenesis is most likely classified as what kind of noncoding rna?
The correct option is D : piwi-interacting RNAs . Animal gametogenesis and fertility are greatly influenced by PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), which also suppress transposons, fight viruses, and regulate endogenous genes1.
Animals' PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), which range in length from 21 to 35 nucleotides, suppress transposable elements, control gene expression, and thwart viral infection. PiRNAs direct the PIWI proteins to cleave the target RNA, encourage the construction of heterochromatin, and methylate DNA. The piRNA pathway's architecture enables it to control conserved host genes in addition to providing adaptive, sequence-based immunity to transposons and viruses that are continually developing. While somatic piRNA activities have been lost, gained, and lost again during evolution, piRNAs silence transposons in the germ lines of the majority of mammals.
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Full Question ;
A particular small noncoding RNA that is linked to spermatogenesis is most likely classified as what kind of
noncoding RNA?
A) short interfering RNAs
B) bidirectional lncRNAs
C) microRNAs
D) piwi-interacting RNAs
The first branch onan evolutionary treeis... A. the most complex. B. The most recently evolved.D. the common ancestor
Evolutionary tree
The first branch on an evolutionary tree is the common ancestor of all the lineages that stem from it, it is the furthest temporarily from the present.
Therefore, the correct answer to this question is option D.
Which b. f. skinner invention allowed him to train subjects through operant conditioning? a. cumulative recorder b. operant chamber c. pigeon box d. cat puzzle box please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
The operant conditioning chamber, sometimes known as the "Skinner Box," was created by Skinner to carry out his empirical methodology.
What is the skinner box?
In the Skinner Box, where isolated subjects like rats and pigeons may be exposed to carefully controlled stimuli. An instrument used in laboratories to examine animal behavior is called an operant conditioning chamber. While a graduate student at Harvard University, B. F. Skinner developed the operant conditioning chamber. Both classical and operant conditioning can be studied in the chamber.
Hence, the answer is b. operant chamber
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most of the energy created from Photosynthesis is stored in the roots for the plant to use in the Spring
O True
O False
False is correct answer, most of the energy created from Photosynthesis is stored in the roots for the plant to use in the Spring
What is Photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is defined as the processes that bring about the manufacturing of food by green plants.
Food is complex energy-rich organic matter which living organisms feed on to obtain nutrients, substances necessary for life. Green plants which are known as autotrophs has the ability to produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis.
The main features of photosynthesis include:
It takes place in the chloroplasts of plants, in the presence of sunlight.
The energy needed for the process is gotten from sunlight which is absorbed by chlorophyll found in the chloroplasts.
The raw materials used are low-energy containing inorganic compounds, example: carbon dioxide and water.
The final products are high-energy containing sugars. oxygen is given off as a waste product.
Plants produce food by turning light energy into chemical energy through a process known as photosynthesis. They store their food as starch. The food is produced in the plant's leaves and must be delivered to other areas of the plant for growth. Phloem, a conducting tissue, aids in the delivery of food to different plant sections. Plants store food for future use.
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1. Photosynthesis in the Earth's forests produces about half of the oxygen in the atmosphere. Photosynthesis in the Earth's oceans produces the other half of the oxygen in the atmosphere. Why do you think so much photosynthesis occurs in the oceans? Think about what type of organisms perform photosynthesis. (8 points)
In ocean, an aquatic ecosystem is present which helps in the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis in the ocean is done by algae, kelps, seaweeds and phytoplanktons that contain chlorophyll and even some bacteria prepares their own food with the help of photosynthesis.
What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is a process by which autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy which is used to fuel cellular activities. The chemical energy made from light energy is stored in the form of sugars, which are created from water and carbon dioxide.
Photosynthesis process exclusively takes place in the chloroplast through photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and xanthophyll.
Since, the oceans occupy about 70% or the majority of the earth's surface, this is also where most photosynthetic processes occur. Photosynthesis in the ocean is mainly done by autotrophs in the photic zone.
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3. The genotype of an individual is expressed as follows:
(a) blue eyes
(b) b
(c) tall
(d) aa X bb
Answer:
a blue eyes
please make my answer brainliest
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
If the polar bodies are not viable, meaning they will not live, why are they part of the process of meiosis?.
The primary oocyte is meiotically divided into the secondary oocyte and polar body during oogenesis, and the polar body then goes through meiosis II to produce two polar bodies. Polar bodies are thought to feed the mature ovum cell, which develops during meiosis II in oogenesis.
A polar body is a byproduct of meiotic oocyte division. It is normally the small cell that apoptoses, and it simply disappears. This depiction, however, does not do the cell justice. Polar bodies function to remove one half of the diploid chromosome set produced by meiotic division in the egg, leaving a haploid cell behind. The cell must divide asymmetrically to produce the polar bodies, which is fueled by furrowing (the formation of a trench) near a specific point on the cell membrane.
Three polar bodies are formed during human oogenesis. Polar bodies are tiny cytoplasmic exclusion structures that form after sperm fertilization to contain extra DNA produced during oocyte meiosis. The zygote contains approximately 2-3 polar bodies derived from the oocyte.
The smaller cell is known as the primary polar body, and the larger cell is known as the secondary oocyte.
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Which force binds the nucleus together despite the fact there are protons in close proximity to each other?.
Nuclear power's potent force. Protons can stick together in a nucleus even if their charges repel one another because it is stronger than electrostatic repulsion at very close ranges.
What is the mechanism that holds the nucleus collectively?The nuclear force, an inter-nucleon short-range force, is what binds a nucleus together. Protons and neutrons are prevented from colliding by the nuclear force's repulsive nature, which acts at very tiny distances.
What force holds the protons and neutrons in a nucleus together?Along with gravity, electromagnetism, and the weak nuclear force, the strong force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. The atom's nucleus is one of the densest structures because the strong interaction connects protons and neutrons there.
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a new technician loaded the pyrosequencing machine with the typical reagents, plus a mixed solution of the four dna nucleotides. what is likely to occur?
The machine cannot read the right DNA sequence since a fresh technician loaded it with the standard reagents and a mixture of a four DNA nucleotides.
What are the 3 parts of nucleotide?The three distinctive elements of a nucleotide are a nitrogen - containing base, a hexose, one and or more purines. The parent heterocyclic chemicals purine and pyrimidine are the derivatives of which the nucleotide sequences are composed.
What are nucleotides and what do they do?The fundamental components of a nucleotide, a biological molecule, are a nitrogen basic, pentose sugar, or phosphate. DNA and RNA are polynucleotides made up of a series of monomers with different nitrogenous bases.
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A student examines two cells from the same plant using a microscope. In one cell the student counts 8 chromosomes. In the second cell the student counts 4 chromosomes. Choose all of the following that are most likely true of the cell with 4 chromosomes.
You may choose more than 1 answer!
Group of answer choices
The cell is a gamete.
The cell is diploid.
The cell is somatic.
The cell is haploid.
Answer:
the cell is a gamete and the cell is haploid
Explanation:
gametes have half (haploid) the number of chromosomes than all other cells in the body
The most likely true of the cell with 4 chromosomes is the cell is a gamete and the cell is haploid. The correct options are a and d.
What are chromosomes?Chromosomes are x shapes of hereditary material that are preset inside the nucleus. It is made up of DNA, genes, and proteins.
Genetic characteristics of the genotype of an organism are unique because of unique genetic material, and this can be transferred to another generation from the first generation.
The X and Y chromosome pair, out of the 23 pairs, is the one that determines the gender of the kid. Males have Y chromosomes, and females have X chromosomes.
XX denotes a woman.
XY denotes a man.
Therefore, the correct options are a, The cell is a gamete, and d. The cell is haploid.
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Explain the treatment goals for Clark cow
Answer: seizure is an abnormal electrical activity in the brain shown by an animal. In a typical seizure, the body of the animal shakes rapidly and uncontrollably. Water can be a cause of a seizure whentoo much water, by osmosis, moves into the brain. The increase in pressure of the brain will cause the fire rate of neurons to increase or decrease which leads to seizures. If the electrical signals in a neuron increases or decrease and are not at the normal level it will cause a seizure. Diffusion so the movements of atoms, ions, or molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The difference in concentration across the cell membrane is a concentration gradient. So, the molecules diffuse down their concentration gradient from areas ofhigh concentration to areas of low concentration. Sodium ions are impermeable and cannot diffuse through the cell membrane, which is the same for water molecules, but water molecules can pass the membrane through facilitated diffusion with the help of aquaporins.
Explanation:
Food must be broken down into________
before it can pass into the bloodstream.
O A. Molecules
O B. Proteins
O C. Atoms
O D. Liquids
b1.2 what do you think will happen if we test the shell of the modern edible oyster crassostrea virginica with acid?. what do your results imply about the magnitude of evolutionary change in shell mineral composition in oysters?
Since carbon dioxide is being produced as a byproduct of the reaction, the substance will fizz or bubble. Calcium carbonate is present because of this bubbling or effervescence.
How does oyster recruitment work?The process of adding new oysters to a population is called recruitment. Millions of tiny larvae are produced by adult oysters during the summer. Young oysters permanently cement to hard surfaces, preferably other oyster shell, after a two- to three-week period of free swimming.
How many clients has Oyster HR served?The Oyster platform is used by almost 1,000 small and medium-sized businesses, most of which are located in the United States and Europe (about 90%). Quora, Lokalise, and Jobbatical are a few of the clients.
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25. Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of events used to help humans remember
information?
a. encoding- storage- retrieval
b. storage- encoding -retrieval
c. encoding- retrieval -storage
d. retrieval- storage- encoding
Answer:
encoding storage and retrieval
Explanation:
Encoding is defined as the initial learning of information; storage refers to maintaining information over time; retrieval is the ability to access information when you need it.
May I please get help with question one. I also need to provide an example and understandable response in my explanation. The specialized cells in this lab are… abseission layer, sperm, corn root, cerebral cortex, vein/valve, kidney, bone marrow, muscle, sweat gland,
Multicellular organisms are made up of more thaan one cell, with groups of cells differentiating to take on specialilzes functions. Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell that perform all of the functions needed by the organism.
Multicellular organisms gave set if cells that specialize in reproduction which is usually sexual. During fertilization, when an egg and spoerm fuse, the resultant zygote is considered to be unicellular.
There is no excretory organs in a unicellular organisms. They remove their waste by simple diffusion from the body surface to the surrounding water. In multicellular organisms, excretion occurs by specialised organs called kidney.
why are some mutations more harmful then others
Answer:
depending on their context or location
Explanation:
Which is a characteristic of the part of the atom marked "A”?
Answer:
nucleus
Explanation:
Its where the neutrons and Protons are located which is called the Nucleus. Hope this helps. :)))
the type of tissue that fills internal spaces and provides structural support and a framework for communication within the body is:
Internal gaps are filled by connective tissue, which also provide structural support and a framework for communication inside the body.
Where is connective tissue located?All of the body's tissues, including the neurological system, are connected by connective tissue. The three meninges—membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord—are made of connective tissue.
Why is connective tissue called bone?A connective tissue called bone contains cells, fibers, and ground material. The bone has various purposes in the body, including the storage of minerals, internal support, defense of essential organs, facilitation of movement, and provision of attachment points for muscles and tendons. Blood, lymphatic, fat, and cartilage are all examples of connective tissue.
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An 85. 00 g sample of an unknown compound contains 24. 26 g molybdenum, 24. 33 g sulfur, and the rest is oxygen. What quantity in moles of sulfur are present in the compound?.
The compound contains 0.7589 moles of sulfur.
For all the mole problems you have to,
Divide the molar mass of the element by the number of grams of the element in the compound.
Grams of the element in compound - 24.33 g sulfur
Molar mass of the Sulfur - 32.06 g/mol
Therefore moles present in the compound = Grams of the element in compound / Molar mass of the Sulfur
= 24.33 g S / 32.06 g/mol
= 0.7589 mol S
Hence, 0.7589 moles of sulfur are present in the compound.
In chemistry, the word "mole" refers to a very high number of molecules, atoms, or other particles and is a measuring unit. The amount of units in a mole is 6.02214 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex], often known as Avogadro's Number. These figures are crucial in letting us know how many different components there are. A substance's mole will ultimately weigh anything between a few grams and hundreds of grams.
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need help fast!!!
Which is a characteristic of the part of the atom marked "B”?
Answer:
Its either electron cloud or empty space.
Explanation:
I hope this helps. if it's one of the two please tell me. :))
3. What is the purpose of having so many different kinds of proteins on the
surface of cells? How does the cell know how to make those proteins (where is
the "recipe") and how are those proteins made?
Answer: See Below
Explanation:
The proteins on the cells surface are vital for numerous cellular processes. They can be used to intake or export nutrients and waste. They can also be use for ligand-receptor binding for cell to cell signaling. Proteins on the surface also act to regulate gene expression based on all kinds of different environmental stimuli.
The recipe for these proteins are in the DNA of the cell. All of the cells in our body contain essentially the exact same DNA. Cells differentiate by various gene regulation mechanisms. Cells in our body will have different types of proteins depending on the type of cell that they are. Gene expression for these surface proteins is highly specific and is governed by various regulatory mechanisms such as activators and repressors.
If a surface protein is needed then it will be transcribed into mRNA and then translated into a protein and transported to its proper location within the cell membrane.
Which image shows labeled organisms that are presented only in plant cells
Answer:
image containing cell wall,chloroplast,plastid or large vacuole
Explanation:
Explain how used the fossil, rock and glacier evidence to help you form Pangaea
Answer:
Glacial deposits are glacial landforms developed by big rocks collected in the landscape region due to the withdrawal of glaciers.
Explanation: