Positive exponent means bigger number
Negative exponent is smaller - means that its in the denominator.
example:
[tex]2^{2} = 4[/tex]
[tex]2^{-2} =\frac{1}{2^2} = \frac{1}{4}[/tex]
The Kw for water at 0 ∘C is 0.12×10^−14. Calculate the pH of a neutral aqueous solution at 0 ∘C.pH=Is a pH=7.25 solution acidic, basic, or neutral at 0 ∘C?a. acidicb. basicc. neutral
Since the pH of solution is 7.25 , this solution will be little basic in nature, Hence option B is correct
.
Chemistry uses a quantitative scale known as pH to categorize substances as acidic, basic, or neutral. Acidic substances are those that have a pH value lower than 7. For instance, acidic foods like vinegar, tamarind, lemon, etc. More than 7 means that the substance is basic in nature. Basic components like baking soda, limewater, ammonia, etc. are only a few examples. Contrarily, substances with a pH value of 7 are neutral in nature since they fall into neither the basic nor the acidic categories. such as pure water.
Hydrogen potential is referred to as pH. Highly potent bases can have a level more than 14, while extremely potent acids can have a level lower than 0.
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Walls made of paraffin wax, a covalent compound, help keep the temperature in a room steady as night changes into day and day into night. what is the most important property of covalent compounds that allows paraffin wax to help keep a room’s temperature level?
Extra heat would be absorbed by the wall during the day when the sun is out, then released back into space at night when the sun sets.
What is the heat of the formation of paraffin wax?
-29.5 kJ/g
What is the bond type for paraffin wax?
Large carbon and hydrogen chains make up the composition of paraffin wax. Paraffin wax is a non-polar covalent molecule because there is relatively little difference between the electronegativity of hydrogen and carbon. Formula I2 is used to represent the iodine molecule.
What type of heat transfer is paraffin wax?
Transferring heat via conduction.
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Element x decays radioactively with a half life of 13 minutes. If there are 860 grams of element x, how long, to the nearest tenth of a minute, would it take the element to decay to 152 grams?.
11.7 minutes is the time, rounded to the nearest tenth of a minute, that it will take 860 grams of element x to decay to 152 grams, given that it decays radioactively with a half-life of 13 minutes.
Procedure for calculating disintegration timeTo determine the time it will take a radioactive substance to disintegrate, the concept of disintegration velocity (Vt) is used, which means the number of atoms that disintegrate in a given time.
So the radioactive constant = 1/t
= 1/8 min = 0.125 min−1
The decay rate of the nuclei depends on the mass that remains undisintegrated, m, so that the initial mass decreases according to the law of radioactive decay:
m = mo . e∧-λ.t
where
mo = initial undisintegrated mass
t = elapsed time
λ = radioactive decay constant (probability of disintegrating a nucleus in unit time)
Calculation of disintegration timeData
m = 152g
mo = 860g
λ = 0.125 min−1
m = mo . e∧-λ.t
clearing t
t = - ln λ . mo/m
t = - ln 0.125 . 860/152
t = 2.07 x 860 / 152
t = 11.71 min
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Are x-rays physical mutagens?
X-rays are indeed physical mutagens. X-rays and UV radiation are physical mutagens. 2 Cosmic rays, gamma rays, and X-rays are all types of ionizing radiation.
That cause the cell's water to ionize and generate hydroxyl free radicals. Radiation that is not ionizing is UV light. Thymine dimer is produced as a result (Pyrimidine dimer). When DNA replication goes wrong, mutations can sometimes happen on their own. However, the likelihood of mutation is increased by mutagens. The three different types of mutagens. X-rays and UV radiation are physical mutagens. Ionizing radiation such as X-rays, gamma rays, and cosmic rays causes the release of the hydroxyl free radical by ionizing the cell's water (OH). Ionizing radiation, also known as ionizing radiation, is made up of subatomic particles or electromagnetic waves with enough energy to ionize atoms and molecules by severing their electron bonds. This type of radiation includes nuclear radiation.
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What do you notice about the ions of those elements in the same column or group on the periodic table?
The ions of those elements in the same column or group on the periodic table form the ions of the same charge and have the same number of the valence electrons.
The elements that present in the same column or the group on the periodic table have the same number of the valence electrons. the element present in the same column also form the ions of the same charge. the elements of the same group in the periodic table have the same chemical properties.
Thus, the element which place in the same group in the periodic table will form ions of the same charge.
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What is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.15 M chloroacetic acid (C2H3ClO2) and 0.10 M sodium
chloroacetate? (Ka = 1.3 x 10-3) HA(aq) + H2O(l) A-(aq) + H3O+(aq)
The pH of a buffer solution that is 0.15 M chloroacetic acid (C2H3ClO2) and 0.10 M sodium
chloroacetate is 2.7.
What is buffer solution?Buffer Solution is defined as a water solvent based solution that is mostly consists of a mixture having weak acid and conjugate base of the weak acid, or in other word solution of a weak base and conjugate acid of the weak base.
The buffer solution always acidic or basic.
[H+] = Ka × [weak acid] / [salt] × valancy
[salt] = 0.10M
[weak acid] = 0.15M
Ka = 1.3 x 10-3
[H+] = 1.3 x 10-3 × 0.15/ 0.10
= 0.00195M
Now, as we know that
pH = -log[H+]
= -log(0.00195M)
= 2.7
Thus, we concluded that the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.15 M chloroacetic acid (C2H3ClO2) and 0.10 M sodium
chloroacetate is 2.7.
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which of the following is not a network solid? a. elemental silicon, si(s) b. diamond, c(s) c. co2(s) d. silicon dioxide, sio2(s) e. graphite
The option (c) is correct - C60(s).
What is network solid?
Atoms are covalently bound together to form layers of two-dimensional networks or a three-dimensional network in covalent network solids. Covalent network solids have high melting points because of the covalent bonds' strength.
What is solid ?
solid ground: a substance that is hard, firm, or compact. relative firmness, particle coherence, or form permanence in matter that is not a liquid or a gas, such as solid particles suspended in a liquid. regarding such a subject: Ice is water that has solidified.
Remaining all are network solids.
Elemental silicon is also a network solid, because its structure is very similar with the structure of diamond which is a network solid.
The fullerenes is allotrope of carbon which is not consider as network solids because of its structure curved into a ball.
Therefore, option (c) is correct - C60(s).
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What Carbon-14 has a half-life of nearly 6000 years. If one half-life (50 %) of the original carbon-14 is left in a material, how old is it?
The Carbon-14 has a half-life of nearly 6000 years. If one half-life (50 %) of the original carbon-14 is left in a material, 50 % of the original of the sample will remains after the one half life.
The carbon has a half life of nearly 6000 years, for the 50 % of the carbon - 14 atoms in the respective materials that undergoes radioactive decay. if the 50 % of the atoms will undergo for the radioactive decay this means that 50 % of the sample that is originally present after one half life.
In the 6000 years , the number of the carbon - 14 atoms that is equals to the 25 % of the original sample, in other 600 years , 12.5 % of the original sample and so on .
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Determine whether each statement describes an anode or a cathode in a voltaic cell.
a. positive terminal
b. where oxidation occurs
c. where reduction occurs
d. where electrons flow to
e. negative terminal
f. where electrons flow from
positive terminal -anode
where oxidation occurs-anode
where reduction occurs-cathode
where electrons flow to-cathode
negative terminal-cathode
where electrons flow from-anode
what is cathode and anode?
The electrode that electricity flows into is known as the anode.The positive side is typically the anode.It serves as an electron source.The anode of an electrolytic cell experiences an oxidation reaction.An anode in galvanic cells can change into a cathode.The cathode is the electrode from which current is discharged or given off.A cathode is a negative sideAs an electron acceptor, it functions.The cathode of an electrolytic cell experiences a reduction reaction.A cathode can switch to an anode in galvanic cells.To learn more about anode https://brainly.com/question/17109743
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what are the variables held constant if my science project is if the temperature going to fight the bonds of
Variables are those things that alter during a scientific experiment.
What is Temperature?
The term "temperature" refers to a measurement of an item's average kinetic energy, which is a category of energy linked to motion and used to describe how hot or cold an object .
Hot and cool are not really scientific concepts. We must utilise temperature if we truly want to describe how hot or cold something is.
It is less confusing to use temperature instead of phrases like hot or cold.
In order to achieve this, they conduct experiments to look for cause and effect connections. Cause and effect linkages give reasons for events and make it possible to accurately forecast how something will turn out. To determine if changes to one item result in recurrent variations in another, scientists utilize the scientific method to construct an experiment.
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Which one of these sentences is appropriate for a formal lab report in CHM113 lab? a. Three more trials were conducted and the data was recorded. b. First, record the seven concentrations of the red dye which __________
c. The corvet was whipped with a soft tissue and then __________ d. The error occurred because Tim spilled the solution. o We got a good yield.
The sentence which is appropriate for a formal lab report in CHM113 lab is that three more trials were conducted and the data was recorded which is therefore denoted as option A.
What is a Laboratory?This refers to a type of facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research and experiments are performed by scientists etc.
The laboratory involves taking various measurements and data which are then analyzed so as to arrive at an accurate and logical conclusion about the experiment or research work being done.
Three more trials were conducted and the data was recorded is the appropriate sentence which is used because in lab report procedure as it involves collection of data under various types of conditions.
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a sample of he gas (2.35 mol) occupies 57.9 l at 300.0 k and 1.00 atm. the volume of this sample is l at 469 k and 1.00 atm. question 9 options: a) 0.709 b) 1.41 c) 90.5 d) 57.9 e) 41.1
a sample of he gas (2.35 mol) occupies 57.9 l at 300.0 k and 1.00 atm. the volume of this sample is l at 469 k and 1.00 atm Option D: 57.9 . 81.64 L is the final volume at 423 K
The ideal gas relates to the pressure, temperature, pressure, and mole of the gas. The volume of the sample at 423 K and 1 atm is 81.64L.
Charles law gave the relation between the temperature and the volume of gas. According to him, the volume of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.
Given,
Initial volume = 75.9 L
Initial temperature = 300 K
Final volume = ?
Final temperature = 423 K
The relation between the temperature and the volume of the two gases is shown as:
V1/T1= V2/T2
Substituting values in the above equation:
V2 = T2V1/T1
57.9 * 423 / 300
81.64L
Therefore, 81.64 L is the final volume at 423 K
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How do you predict bond shape?
By analyzing the number of electron pairs to ascertain the shape of the molecules, the VSEPR-predicted forms of molecules can be found in a methodical manner.
Draw out the molecule's Lewis structure before attempting to determine the shape of the molecules. Find the center atom on the Lewis diagram. Phosphorus serves as the primary atom in this molecule (P).
Simply look at the group the central atom of phosphorus is in to determine how many electrons are on its outer shell. The group number corresponds to the number of electrons on the outer shell of the central atom. Since phosphorus belongs to group 5, its outer shell contains five electrons.
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Consider an ideal gas at 27.0 degrees Celsius and 1.00atmosphere pressure. Imagine the molecules to be uniformly spaced,with each molecule at the center of a small cube. What is thelength L of an edge of each small cube if adjacent cubes touch but don'toverlap?
The length L of an edge of each small cube if adjacent cubes touch but don't overlap each other is 3.45 nm.
By the formula,
PV = Nkt
Where P is pressure, V is volume, N is number of molecules, k is Boltzmann constant and T is temperature in Kelvin.
T = 273 + 27 = 300 K
P = 101325 Pa
k = 1.38 × 10⁻²³ J/K
Now calculate the volume by,
V = (1 × 1.38 × 10⁻²³ × 300)/101325
⇒ V = 4.09 × m³
We know that, V = L³
So, L = V^1/3
Calculate the value of volume
L = (4.09/1000)^1/3
⇒ L = 3.45 × 10⁻⁹ m
Hence, the length of cube is 3.45 nm.
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free radicals produced during biochemical reactions can serve as carcinogens if they are not neutralized by:______.
Free radicals produced during biochemical reactions can serve as carcinogens if they are not neutralized by: Antioxidants.
Antioxidants are molecules that can neutralize free radicals produced during biochemical reactions. They work by donating an electron to the free radical, thus neutralizing its reactivity. AntioxidantsAntioxidants are molecules that can effectively neutralize the harmful effects of free radicals. These free radicals are produced during biochemical reactions, and can cause damage to cells and DNA if left unchecked.
Antioxidants work by donating an electron to the free radical, thus neutralizing its reactivity and preventing it from causing further damage, such as a carcinogenic reaction. Antioxidants are found in many fruits and vegetables, as well as in supplements, and are essential for maintaining good health. Therefore, it is important to ensure that you are getting enough antioxidants in your diet in order to neutralize the harmful effects of free radicals.
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what does this mean for the number of energy storage molecules in the algae
More energy storage molecules are present in the molecules in the algae.
What is algae performed?Algae can perform photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the production of food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. It produces glucose and oxygen. Glucose can be stored as energy for use in cellular respiration to power cellular processes.
Therefore, when the algae are in the sunlight, they have the energy necessary to make their own food by photosynthesis, and the amount of energy storage molecules will increase.
Among the molecules that store energy include glucose, starch, and fat. In order to keep all of the creatures in an ecosystem alive, an abundance of energy storage molecules is required.
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Complete the electron‑pushing mechanism for the reaction by drawing the necessary organic structures and curved arrows for each step. Make sure to include all nonbonding electron pairs.
Step 3: Draw the final products of the last step (one organic and one inorganic species), including all nonbonding electron pairs. Do not show the Na+ counter ion.
When water is added to an aldehyde in the presence of a base is, being electrophilic in nature makes this carbon atom vulnerable to nucleophilic attack; in contrast, oxygen is more electronegative in nature.
An atom's or functional group's propensity to draw electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity, and it is a chemical property. An atom's electronegativity is very often influenced by both its number of atoms and the separation of its valence electrons from its charged nucleus.
Electronegativity can also be described as the capacity of an atom in a covalent connection to pull shared electrons. The value of an element's electronegativity determines that how strongly it will attract electron pairs.
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Arrange the boiling points of the aqueous solutions, relative to pure water: Assume complete dissociation for the ionic compounds. Highest boiling point 0.38 m CzHs OH 0.32 m NH; 0.19 Naz SO4 0.11 m NaCl HzO Lowest boiling point
The boiling points of aqueous solutions based on pure water are as follows, in descending order of boiling points:
0.38mCzHsOH - Highest boiling point0.32mNH40.19m Na2SO40.11m NaClH2O (pure water) -Lowest boiling pointThe boiling point of a solution increases as the concentration of the solute (dissolved substance) increases. The presence of ions and other dissolved particles in solution increases the vapor pressure of the solvent (water in this case), requiring more energy to reach its boiling point.
Ionic compounds such as NaCl and Na2SO4 completely dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, and thus have a greater impact on boiling points than non-ionic compounds such as CzHsOH.
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How does bromine react with hydrogen?
Hydrogen reacts with Br2 forming hydrogen bromide. The reaction is slow at room temperature, and increases in speed with increasing temperatures.
H2(g) + Br2(g) → 2 HBr(g)
Another way to produce HBr is with red phosphorous:
2 P + 6 H2O + 3 Br2 → 6 HBr + 2 H3PO3
H3PO3 + H2O + Br2 → 2 HBr + H3PO4
The simplest compound of bromine is HBr and is a colorless gas.
Aqueous hydrogen bromide is known as hydrobromic acid, which is a strong acid (pKa = −9)
Bromine is highly reactive and is a powerful oxidizing agent in the presence of water. It reacts vigorously with amines, alkenes and phenols as well as aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones and acids (these are brominated by either addition or substitution reactions). With many of the metals and elements, anhydrous bromine is less reactive than wet bromine; however, dry bromine reacts vigorously with aluminium, titanium, mercury as well as alkaline earth metals and alkaline metals.
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During an investigation, you look at two photos taken of highly magnified items. The first photo shows an amoeba. The other slide shows the cross-section of a maple leaf. What do these two items have in common?
Maple leaf and amoeba are both eukaryotic cells and show presence of true nucleus in them.
What are eukaryotic cells?Eukaryotic cells are the cells which show presence of nucleus and possess membrane bound organelles.They may be unicellular or multicellular depending on the number of cells present in them.
In eukaryotes , the genetic material is is stored within an organelle which is called as nucleus wherein it is organized in to long molecules which are called as chromosomes.They possess other organelles like mitochondria which are responsible for generation of energy . Endoplasmic reticulum which helps in transport of proteins .
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Lead is less active than zinc but more active than copper. Predict the results you would have gotten if you placed lead metal into
separate solutions of zinc nitrate and copper (II) nitrate.
A. Lead would react with both zinc nitrate and copper (II) nitrate
B. Lead would react with copper (II) nitrate, but not zinc nitrate
C. Lead would not react with either zinc nitrate or copper (II) nitrate
D. Lead would pact with zinc nitrate, but not copper (II) nitrate
Lead would react with the copper nitrate but not with zinc nitrate.
What does reactivity of an elements depends upon?Reactivity in chemistry refers to the rate at which a chemical undergoes a chemical reaction over time. The relative tendency of an element to gain or lose electrons during a chemical reaction. For pure compounds, reactivity is controlled by the physical properties of the sample. Atoms get larger as they go down in the group. The larger the atom, the farther away the last electron is. Therefore, the attractive force between the nucleus and the last electron is weaker. This allows the atom to donate electrons more easily, increasing its reactivity.
Alkali metals (far from transition metals and noble gases) are the most reactive group of elements. Cesium is the second most reactive element in this group, since he has six electron shells, which makes it the most reactive element.
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which best describes a solution that is a good conductor of electricity and turns blue litmus paper red? which best describes a solution that is a good conductor of electricity and turns blue litmus paper red? strong acid weak base weak acid strong base\
Answer: acidic solutions will turn litmus paper red; and an alkaline solution will turn litmus paper blue.
Explanation: Litmus paper is red when the pH is less than 4.5 and blue when the pH is greater than 8.3.
also frogs are great
In what other ways could you test your predictions to confirm their accuracy?
When performing research, you should never believe everything a source says without checking it against another source of information.
Which informations are inaccurate or biased?Even very trustworthy sources can occasionally contain information that is inaccurate or biased. A good way to corroborate the information is checking it against another source. If several sources agree on the information, it is likely that this is trustworthy.
Accuracy is the nearness of observed values or measured values to the true value. The difference between the measured and observed value gives the error incurred during the experimental procedure.
Therefore, When performing research, you should never believe everything a source says without checking it against another source of information.
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WORTH 100 POINTS PLEASE HELP! WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!
A metal is oxidized if it’s converted from its metallic form to make a compound, and it’s reduced if it’s converted back to its metallic form. Use your answer from part F and your observations of the reactions to complete these statements.
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Magnesium is able to (blank) copper, and copper is able to (blank) magnesium. Zinc is able to (blank) magnesium, and magnesium is able to (blank) zinc. Copper is able to (blank) zinc, and zinc is able to (blank) copper.
The blanks are supposed to be either filled in with "oxidize" or "reduce"
Magnesium is able to reduce copper, and copper is able to oxidize magnesium. Zinc is able to oxidize magnesium, and magnesium is able to reduce zinc. Copper is able to oxidize zinc, and zinc is able to reduce copper.
What is oxidation and reduction?We know that the term oxidation and reduction would refers to the loss and gain of electrons. When electrons are lost we say that the specie has become oxidized and when electrons are gained we can say that the species have become reduced.
Thus when we talk about oxidation, we are talking about the increase in the oxidation number of the object and when we talk about reduction, we are talking about the decrease in the oxidation number of the object.
With this knowledge, we can be able to fill in the blanks accordingly.
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hydrogen, when combined with oxygen in a chemical reaction, forms water. this is an example of which type of chemical reaction?
Hydrogen, when combined with oxygen in a chemical reaction, forms water. this is an example of Combination reaction.
A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, which are also called reactants, are generally converted to one or more different substances, that are known as the products. Substances formed are either chemical elements or compounds.
A chemical reaction usually rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products. The properties of the products are generally different from those of the reactants.
Formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen is a combination reaction because hydrogen and oxygen are combining to form one single product.
A combination reaction is a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single new substance. Combination reactions can also be called as the synthesis reactions. The general form of a combination reaction is: A+B→AB. One combination reaction is two elements combining to form a compound.
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What traits help urchins survive?
The spines spear food and protect an urchin from predators.
From the skull base to the tailbone, there are bones, muscles, tendons, and other tissues. The fluid around the spinal cord and the spinal cord itself are enclosed by the spine. known by the names vertebral column, spinal column, and backbone. a strong, slender, sharp-pointed structure that resembles a modified leaf or stipule (a stipule is an appendage located at the base of a petiole, or at the base of a leaf's stalk). A pointy growth from the skin or bark is referred to as a. Thorns are modified stems that are stiff, woody, and have a sharp point. Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spines are the three primary segments of the spine. Seven vertebrae make up the cervical, which is the top portion of the spine (bones). Centered in the body is the thoracic.
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What is one of the products in Reaction A
Answer: there is nothing to see
Explanation: there is nothing currently nothing to see so nobody can solve it
one product of the combustion of ethylene (c2h4) is carbon dioxide. what change in hybridization of the carbon occurs in this reaction? combustion is the reaction with oxygen?
Change in hybridization of the carbon occurs in this reaction is sp2 to sp.
What is combustion?
When a substance mixes with oxygen gas, it undergoes a combustion reaction, which releases energy in the form of heat and light. O2 must be one of the reactants in combustion processes. The results of the burning of hydrocarbons are carbon dioxide and water.
When ethylene burns, one byproduct is the formation of CO2 gas. We are aware that both C and sp2 have undergone hybridization in ethylene C2H4. We also know that the hybridization of carbon in CO2 is sp hybridization, which means that in this process, the hybridization of carbon changes from sp2 to sp.
C2H4 +3O2 → 2CO2+2H2O
When a substance reacts with oxygen gas, it produces a combustion reaction that releases energy in the form of heat and light.
Therefore, change in hybridization of the carbon occurs in this reaction is sp2 to sp.
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which complex is capable of forming geometric isomers? group of answer choices [co(nh3)6]br3 [pt(nh3)4]br2 [pd(nh3)2br2] [co(nh3)5br]br2 k3[fecl6]
The (pd(NH₃)₂ Br₂ ) it shows Cis- isomer and Trans-isomer.
What is isomer ?
Isomers are substances that have exactly the same number of atoms, i.e., the identical empirical formula, but differ from one another in terms of how the atoms are ordered.
What is geometric ?
The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule is known as molecular geometry, sometimes known as the molecular structure. Understanding a compound's molecular structure can be useful for figuring out its polarity, reactivity, phase of matter, color, magnetism, and biological activity.
Mₐ₂ᵇ₂ type complex shows geometrical isomerism, complexes of this type exists as cis-isomerism and trans- isomers.
Among the given complexes, (pd(NH₃)₂ Br₂ ) also geometrical isomers.
H₃N Br H₃N Br
Pd Pd
H₃N Br Br H₃N
Cis- isomer Trans- isomer
Therefore, (pd(NH₃)₂ Br₂ ) it shows Cis- isomer and Trans-isomer.
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What are the substances present before a chemical reaction takes place?
The substances present before a chemical reaction takes place are Reactants.
When the reactants interact, one or more new products are created that are distinct from the reactants. However, in the chemical equation that depicts the reaction, the mass and charges are conserved, remaining constant on both sides of the equation.
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