explain why broad absorbances are expected for compounds containing alcohol and carboxylic acid functional groups. draw the hydrogen bonding interaction between two ethanol molecules.

ANSWER:
the melting point of gold is approximately 1,946 ºC and its boiling point is approximately 5,195 ºC. Therefore, if the temperature is 5,262 ºC, gold would be in its liquid phase. It is worth noting that the temperature you provided is not in the correct units, as it should be in degrees Celsius (ºC) instead of degrees Fahrenheit (ºF). To convert a temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius, you can use the following formula:

Celsius = (Fahrenheit - 32) * (5/9)

For example, to convert the melting point of gold from Fahrenheit to Celsius, you would do the following:

Melting point in Celsius = (3,533 - 32) * (5/9) = 1,946 ºC

Similarly, you can convert the boiling point of gold from Fahrenheit to Celsius using the same formula:

Boiling point in Celsius = (9,343 - 32) * (5/9) = 5,195 ºC

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.

Because calcium chloride has a lower freezing point than sodium chloride, it is more efficient at melting the ice on roadways in the winter.

Because the calcium chloride solution has a lower freezing point when combined with water than the sodium chloride solution, using calcium chloride solution on roadways in the us is easier.

The van't hoff factor causes the calcium chloride solution to have a lower freezing point.

Since calcium chloride has a lower freezing point than ice, when we apply it to the ice, it takes heat from the ice and melts it. There is no more efficient way to do the same objective than using sodium chloride solutions.

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Answer:

10.801=11

Explanation:

avarage atomic mass =relative abundance of first isotope*mass number of first isotope/100+relative abundance of second isotope*mass number of second isotope/100

Answer:

I agree with Janre. A chemical bond is produced by a molecule, which is a substance made up of matter that holds atoms together. A chemical bond is the result of the attraction between atoms, which allows them to combine and form molecules. This attraction is not made up of matter itself, but it is a fundamental property of atoms that allows them to form bonds and create molecules. Therefore, Janre's explanation is the most accurate and complete.

Explanation:

Answer: In this case, I find myself in agreement with Janre. A molecule is a substance made up of matter that binds atoms together via a chemical bond. When atoms come together due to mutual attraction, a chemical bond is formed. This attraction is not material, but rather a feature of atoms that is essential to the formation of bonds and molecules. Janre's explanation is the most thorough and precise one available.

Explanation:

A pure substance that can only be separated into two or more simpler substances using chemical changes is called a chemical compound.

A chemical compound is a type of pure substance that is made up of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together. These elements are combined in a fixed ratio, and the resulting compound has different properties than the individual elements. For example, water (H2O) is a chemical compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The atoms are bonded together by covalent bonds, and the resulting compound has the unique properties of being a liquid at room temperature and being essential for life.In order to separate a chemical compound into its constituent elements, a chemical reaction is required. This process involves breaking the chemical bonds between the atoms and forming new bonds between the atoms of the individual elements. This can be done through a variety of methods, such as electrolysis or heating the compound to high temperatures. The resulting elements will have the same physical and chemical properties as the original elements, but will no longer be bonded together as a compound.

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8.00L  of hexane burns to produce 48.00L of CO2, if the two volumes are measured under identical circumstances. It takes 76.00L of oxygen.

Calculation:

C₆H₁₄ + 19/2O₂ → 6CO₂ + 7H₂O

where 6 moles of CO2 and 7 moles of H2O are produced when 1 mole of hexane combines with 19/2 moles of oxygen.

6 moles of CO2 are created when 1 mole of hexane reacts with 8.00 liters, and their volume is as follows:

8.00L ₓ 6 = 48.0L

Again, 19/2 moles of oxygen are required for a full combustion of hexane. You need: Given that you have 8.0L of hexane.

8.00L × (19/2) =76.00L

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Since the melting point of Germanium is higher than Tin, the metallic bonding in Germanium is stronger than that of Tin.

Metallic bonding is the bonding that exists between the atoms of the elements in a metal.

Metallic bonding occurs as a result of the electrostatic attraction between an electron cloud of delocalized electrons and the positively charged metal ions.

The stronger the electrostatic forces of attraction between the electron cloud of delocalized electrons and the positively charged metal ions, the stronger will be the metal and the higher will be the melting point of the metallic atom.

The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which the solid is converted to heat on the addition of heat without an increase in the temperature of the solid.

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According to molecular orbital theory, the regions of the wave function with highest probability of finding electrons are areas with constructive interface.

Molecular orbital theory describes the behavior of electrons in a molecule in terms of combinations of the atomic wavefunctions. The resulting molecular orbitals may extend over all the atoms in the molecule. Bonding molecular orbitals are formed by in-phase combinations of atomic wavefunctions, and electrons in these orbitals stabilize a molecule. Antibonding molecular orbitals result from out-of-phase combinations and electrons in these orbitals make a molecule less stable. Molecular orbital theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in much the same way that the distribution of electrons in atoms is described using atomic orbitals. Molecular orbitals are combinations of atomic orbital wave functions.

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Students who at least have a basic knowledge of the mole idea and can utilise chemical equations to do calculations should be able to complete this class experiment.

What is Atomic Mass?

No matter how little or huge, every particle of matter carries some mass. Atoms make up everything. Atomic mass is the term used to describe a particle's mass. According to the international agreement, this is often stated in terms of a single atomic mass unit (amu).

It is best described as having a mass that is 1/12 of that of a carbon-12 atom in its ground state. The mass of protons and neutrons added together, which is almost equal to the atomic mass, can be used to explain the mass of an atom. The loss of mass from the binding energy is what caused this little alteration.

In this experiment, students create hydrogen gas by reacting magnesium ribbon with diluted hydrochloric acid. The quantity of magnesium needed to make one mole of hydrogen molecules may then be calculated using the observed volume of hydrogen gas produced and the mass of magnesium. Students can determine the relative atomic mass of magnesium from this.

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The specific heat would be less than the real number, while the total heat absorbed would be higher.

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a given substance by one degree Celsius is known as the specific heat capacity. All compounds have a unique value that can be used to identify an unknown compound when other methods of identification might not be as useful. One technique, for instance, that may be utilized (with the help of lander robots) to determine the composition of extraterrestrial worlds like Mars is the measurement of specific heat. Additionally, a material's potential industrial applications may be influenced by its specific heat. Materials with low specific heat are frequently employed in heat transmission applications like cooking pots and radiators, while materials with high specific heat can be utilized as insulators in freezers, ovens, etc.

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carb is the structure of the carbocation intermediate that leads to the indicated products.

Carbocation: It is an organic molecule, an intermediate, that has a carbon atom bearing a positive charge and three bonds instead of four

The reaction given in the question is shown below.

carb1-----fig(1)

Given reaction

The reaction starts with the removal of the bromide ion to generate the carbocation. The carbocation is generated near the four-membered ring.

The methylene shift occurs to rearrange the carbocation by forming a five-membered ring.

carb2----fig(2)

Bromide ion removal

This carbocation accounts for the formation of the products given in the question. Two alkenes are formed by the elimination reaction and the ether is formed by the substitution reaction.

carb3----fig(3)

Elimination and substitution of products

Thus, the carbocation formed in the reaction is shown below.

carb1-------fig(4)

Fig (4) shows the final Structure of the carbocation intermediate.

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Covalent bonds of sigma type are  present in methane where in the hybridization of each bond is σ sp³-σ sp³.

Covalent bond is defined as a type of bond which is formed by the mutual sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between the two atoms.These electron pairs are called as bonding pairs or shared pair of electrons.

Due to the sharing of valence electrons , the atoms are able to achieve a stable electronic configuration . Covalent bonding involves many types of interactions like σ bonding,π bonding ,metal-to-metal bonding ,etc.

Sigma bonds are the strongest covalent bonds while the pi bonds are weaker covalent bonds .Covalent bonds are affected by electronegativities of the atoms present in the molecules.Compounds having covalent bonds have lower melting points as compared to those with ionic bonds.

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The chemical reaction 2 H₂(g)+O₂(g)—->2 H₂O(l)+571.8 kJ is an exothermic reaction as heat is released during the reaction.

An exothermic reaction is defined as a chemical reaction which involves release of energy in the form of light,heat .In these reactions, energy is transferred from system to surroundings rather than taking energy from surroundings into system as in endothermic reactions.

In an exothermic reaction,change in enthalpy is negative.Therefore, it can be inferred that net amount of energy which is required to start the exothermic reaction is less than the net amount which is released by the reaction.

Examples of exothermic reactions are combustion reactions, detonation of nitroglycerin , neutralization reactions and nuclear fission.

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Answer:

See explanation and Image

Explanation:

Chemical element iodine has the atomic number 53 and the letter I in its symbol. of the stable halogens that weighs the most.

Symbol: I

Atomic mass: 126.90447 u

Atomic number: 53

Electron configuration: [Kr] 4d105s25p5

(Hope it helps)

Given that 3.33 g of the gas, at 95 °C and 790 torr, occupy a volume of 1.365 L, it is chlorine gas (Cl2).

We will start by counting the amount of moles of the gas. This can be done as follows:

(V) = 1.365 L,

(T) = 95 °C,

(P) = 790 torr,

(n) =?

(T) = 95 + 273 = 368 K

(P) = 790 / 760 = 1.039 atm

(R) = 0.0821 atm

PV = nRT

1.039 * 1.365 = n * 0.0821 * 368

n = 0.0469 mole L/Kmol

Finally, we will ascertain the gas's identity as follows:

n = 0.0469 mole

M = 3.33 g

Molecular mass =?

Molar mass is equal to the product of the mass and the mole.

Molar mass equals 3.33 minus 0.0469

Gas molar mass = 71 g/mol

As a result, we can infer that the gas is chlorine gas (Cl2) because

(Cl) = 35.5 g/mol.

(Cl2) = 2 * 35.5 g/mol

= 71 g/mol

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Molecular mass of propanoic acid  an isomer of methyl ethanoate. is 74.1 amu or 74.1 g/mol.

Isomers can be defined as molecules with the same number of atoms of the same element but with different structural arrangements and properties.

Since the molecular formulas are the same for isomers, they have the same mass. Methyl ethanoate is an isomer of propionic acid so it has the same mass.

there's two type of isomer, geometric isomers and structural isomers

Geometric isomers are molecules that have the same chemical formula but different atomic arrangements. Geometric isomers have different physical and chemical properties.

An interesting property of geometric isomers is that their groups cannot switch positions independently.

Structural isomers are substances with the same chemical formula but different atomic bonds. Examples of structural isomers are the already mentioned chemicals n-butane and isobutane.

Since the molecular formulas are the same for isomers, they have the same mass.

Methyl ethanoate is an isomer of propionic acid so it has the same mass.

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The option that best describes the properties of the element potassium (K), based on its position on the periodic table of chemical elements is that it is a highly reactive metal. Hence, the correct option is B.

Alkali metals can be described as the monovalent chemical elements that are found in Group IA of the modern periodic table.

Generally, chemical elements of alkali metals readily lose their single (one) valence electron to form ionic compounds with non-metals. Some examples of alkali metal are given below,

Lithium (L).

Sodium (Na).

Potassium (K).

Potassium (K) is an alkali metal with a single (one) valence electron in its outermost shell and is considered to be highly reactive with other chemical elements, especially halogens because of its position on the modern periodic table of chemical elements.

We can conclude that, Potassium (K) is a highly reactive metal based on its position on the periodic table of chemical elements.

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Employers are responsible for making and updating a chemical inventory list. Every hazardous chemical in the workplace that exposes or might expose employees under normal usage settings or in anticipated emergencies requires an SDS from the employer.

This implies that they must likewise create and keep track of a list of all such compounds used at work. The employer must seek an SDS from the manufacturer or importer in writing within seven days of noticing that an SDS or all of its necessary information is missing from the manufacturer or importer. Employers are required to keep SDSs for any hazardous compounds in the workplace. If you do not immediately get an SDS from your provider, you must request one. You must also guarantee that SDSs are easily available to employees in their work locations throughout shifts.

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24.5 KJ of heat could be removed.

(30.0g / 64.45 g) =0.93

0.93g x 26.4 Kj/mol = 24.5

Vaporization of detail or compound is a segment transition from the liquid section to vapor. There are forms of vaporization: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation is a floor phenomenon, whereas boiling is a bulk phenomenon.

The quantity of warmth energy utilized inside the formation of vapor from a liquid without an alternate in temperature is described as latent warmth of vapourization. more unstable liquid vapourises quicker and cools faster.

As the water evaporates, electricity is taken up by way of the procedure, cooling the surroundings where the evaporation is taking area.

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The binding energy per nucleon for 235U and 137Cs is 7.6 MeV and 8.39 MeV.

The minimal amount of energy needed to take a particle out of a system of particles or to break a system of particles down into its component pieces is known as binding energy (BE).

Given nucleus = 235 U and nucleon = 137 Cs.

a) The expression to find BE of 235 U is written as 235U92.

Atomic number (Z) = 92 = number of protons

Mass number (A) = 235 (number of protons + neutrons)

Number of electrons = 235-92 = 143.

Mass of neutron (mₙ) =  1.00866 u

Mass of proton ([tex]m_H[/tex]) = 1.00783 u

The binding energy for the nucleus is calculated using the below formula,

[tex]B = (Zm_H + Nm_n- m_{atom})\times\mathrm{931.49\;MeV/u}[/tex]

For 235U,

[tex]\begin{aligned}BE&=[(92\times1.00783 u)+(143\times1.00866 u)-235](\mathrm{931.49\;MeV/u})\\&=\mathrm{1783.8\;MeV}\end{aligned}[/tex]

The BE per nucleon is given by,

[tex]\begin{aligned}\text{BE per nucleon}&=\frac{\text{total BE of nucleus}}{\text{number of nucleon}}\\&=\frac{1783.8}{235}\\&=\mathrm{7.6\;MeV}\end{aligned}[/tex]

b) The expression to find BE of 137Cs is written as 137Cs55.

Atomic number (Z) = 55 = number of protons

Mass number (A) = 137 (number of protons + neutrons)

Number of electrons = 137-55 = 82.

Mass of neutron (mₙ) =  1.00866 u

Mass of proton ([tex]m_H[/tex]) = 1.00783 u

The atomic mass of Cs = 137u

For 137Cs,

[tex]\begin{aligned}BE&=[(55\times1.00783 u)+(82\times1.00866 u)-137](\mathrm{931.49\;MeV/u})\\&=\mathrm{1149.3\;MeV}\end{aligned}[/tex]

The BE per nucleon is given by,

[tex]\begin{aligned}\text{BE per nucleon}&=\frac{\text{total BE of nucleus}}{\text{number of nucleon}}\\&=\frac{1149.3}{137}\\&=\mathrm{8.39\;MeV}\end{aligned}[/tex]

The answers are 7.6 MeV and 8.39 MeV.

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2.17 moles of gas does the sample contain in a sample of neon gas collected at stp occupies a volume of 37.3 l.

What is noble gas?

Noble gases form a class of chemical elements with similar properties. Under standard conditions, they are all odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with little chemical reactivity. The six naturally occurring noble gases are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radioactive radon.

Therefore, 2.17 moles of gas does the sample contain in a sample of neon gas collected at stp occupies a volume of 37.3 l. Noble gases form a class of chemical elements with similar properties. Under standard conditions, they are all odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with little chemical reactivity.

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Answer:

The structural formula of the ester is CH3CH2COOC2H5. When this ester is hydrolyzed with dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl), it will produce two products: ethanol (CH3CH2OH) and acetic acid (CH3COOH). The structural formulas of these products are shown below:

Ethanol: CH3CH2OH

Acetic acid: CH3COOH

Note that in a hydrolysis reaction, an ester is typically broken down into a carboxylic acid and an alcohol by the addition of water. In this case, the hydrolysis of the ester with dilute HCl results in the production of ethanol and acetic acid.

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

The one piece, the one piece is real.

the density of concentrated sulfuric acid is 1.84 g/mL when a flask has a mass of 78.23 g when empty and 593.63 g when filled with water and later with sulfuric acid whose mass is 1026.57 g.

Given mass of flask mf = 78.23 g

Mass of flask when filled with water mfw =  593.63 g

Mass of water mw = mfw - mf = 593.63 - 78.23 = 515.4g

Volume of water Vw = Volume of acid Vc = 515.4mL

Mass of flask when filled with acid mfa = 1026.57 g

Mass of acid ma = mfa-mf = 1026.57 - 78.23 = 948.34g

Density = mass(ma)/volume of acid (Va)

= 948.34/515.4 = 1.84 g/mL

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The Nernst equation can be used to calculate the potential of an electrochemical cell when not under standard conditions. It is also very useful to show how ion concentration affects cell potential and the cell potential is 0.09314 V.

At 298 K, the Nernst equation simplifies to - 0.0592 v protocol Q where Q is the reaction quotient and n is the coefficient of electrons transferred if the redox equations are balanced.

In this cell copper is reduced at the cathode and oxidized.

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Option (d). If the bond angle between two adjacent hybrid orbitals is 120 degree then this involves SP2 hybridization.

SP2 hybridization is the mixing of one s and two p atomic orbitals which involves the promotion of one electron in the s orbital to one of the 2p atomic orbitals. The combination of these atomic orbitals creates three new hybrid orbitals equal in energy-level. The hybrid orbitals are higher in energy than the s orbital but lower in energy than the p orbitals, but they are closer in energy to the p orbitals. The new set of formed hybrid orbitals creates trigonal structures creating a molecular geometry of 120 degrees. When the hybridization occurs the molecules have a linear arrangement of the atoms with a certain bond angle. A bond angle is the angle between any two bonds that include a common atom, usually measured in degrees.

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2 beta-minus decays during this chain process.

In electron emission, also known as terrible beta decay, an unstable nucleus emits an energetic electron and an antineutrino with little or in all likelihood no relaxation mass, and a neutron in the nucleus will become a proton that stays inside the product nucleus.

Beta minus particle emission happens while the ratio of neutrons to protons inside the nucleus is simply too high. An extra neutron transforms into a proton and an electron. The proton remains in the nucleus and the electron is ejected energetically.

Beta-minus radiation, the emission of an electron and an anti-neutrino, occurs whilst a neutron transforms right into a proton. The opposite method, whereby a proton becomes a neutron thru the emission of a positron and a neutrino, is the supply of beta-high-quality radiation.

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Using the combination law equation, its final temperature would be 42°C B K if the gas was compressed to 0.800 m3 and the pressure increased to 0.820105 Pa.

Apply the equation, where m1 и m2 are the weights of water contained in the first and two containers, T1 and T2 are the temperatures of the water contained in the first and second containers, to determine the final temperature mixture.

T2=0.820×105 Pa0.5×105 Pa0.8 m31.25 m3(300 K =314.88 K

Convert the unit of the temperature from the kelvin to degree Celsius.

T2=314.88 K-273 K =41.88 °C

It is necessary for the final temperature to match the starting temperature. The internal energy must match the internal energy at the beginning and end. There must be no net heat added to the system during the procedure.

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