Even if the europa clipper can't send a lander down to europa's surface, it may still be able to sample the sub-ice ocean during some of its flybys because there is some evidence that plumes of water shoot out of Europa, and the spacecraft could fly through them.
What is the reason for plumes of water shoot?Recent observations suggest that thin plumes might be ejected 100 miles above Europa's surface. The Hubble space telescope and some Galileo satellite data were used to make this finding. Even a NASA-led study team has found water vapor right over Europa's surface. Therefore, plumes emanate from Europa, and if they are connected to the ocean there, a spacecraft may fly through them to collect samples of the subglacial water.
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Compare the magnitude and range of gravity with the magnitude and range of electromagnetic force.
The magnitude and range of gravity depends on he mass of the objects and their distance. The electromagnetic force of an electromagnetic component depends on the number turnings of the electromagnetic field and the current flowing through it.
What is gravity?Gravity or gravitational force is the force exerted by an object by which it attracts other objects into its centre of mass. Earth gravitationally pull every objects into its centre and we exeriance as our weight.
The gravitational force between two objects is always dependant on the mass of the objects and the distance between them. Gravity is directly proportional to the mass and inversely proportional to the distance.
The electromagnetic force is associated with both electric field and magnetic field and is proportional to the field strengths. It is dependent n the current carried and the turnings of coil by which magnetic field induction is created.
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what must be the magnitude of the rate of change of the current in order for the self-induced emf to equal 6.70 mvmv ?
The magnitude of the rate of change of the current must be equal to 6.70 mV/mV.
What must the current change rate be in order for the self-induced emf to be equal to 6.70 mvmv?For the self-induced emf to equal 6.70 mV, the magnitude of the rate of current change must match the self-induced emf's magnitude. This implies that the current's rate of change must be 6.70 mV in magnitude.solutionThe equation = -L(di/dt) yields the magnitude of the rate of change of the current, I required for the self-induced emf to equal 6.70 mv. To solve for di/dt, rewrite the equation as di/dt = -/L.Therefore, the self-induced emf's negative value, 6.70 mv, divided by the inductance's value, L, gives the magnitude of the current's rate of change, di/dt. For instance, the magnitude of the current change rate must be -6.70 mv/0.15 Henrys = -44.67 mv/s if the inductance is 0.15 Henrys.How swiftly the current is changing is determined by the magnitude of its rate of change.To learn more about the magnitude of the rate refer to:
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Using the following equation for the combustion of octane, calculate the heat of reaction for 400. 0 g of octane. The molar mass of octane is 114. 33 g/mole.
The heat associated with the combustion of 400 g of octane, assuming complete combustion, is -16859.9 kJ.
Given, the molar mass of octane is 114.33 g/mole.
Let's consider the following thermochemical equation.
C₈H₁₈ + 25/2O₂ ----- 8CO₂ + 9H₂O ΔHᵣₓₙ = -4819
For one mole of octane = -4819kJ
The number of moles in 400 g of octane will be = 400/114.33 = 3.49 moles
So the heat associated with the combustion of 3.49 moles will be
= {3.49 ×(-4819)} kJ
= -16859.9 kJ
Therefore, the heat associated with the combustion of 400g of octane, assuming complete combustion, is -16859.9kJ
The molar heat of combustion is the heat released when one mole of a substance is completely burned. Typical combustion reactions involve the reaction of a carbon-containing material with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water as products.
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if distance of travel increases and time remains same what happens to the speed
Answer: By increasing speed over a fixed period of time, you increase
the distance you travel in that period of time. If you drive 20 mph
for an hour, you go 20 miles. If you drive 30 mph for that same
hour, you go 30 miles. Just like you knew you would.
Explanation:
in a certain process, the energy of the system decreases by 250 kj . the process involves 480 kj of work done on the system. find the amount of heat q transferred in this process.
Therefore, in this process, 230 kJ of heat was transferred.
Find the amount of heat q transferred in this process? This process follows the first law of thermodynamics, which states that energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.The amount of heat transferred in this process can be calculated by using the equation: Q = W + Ewhere Q is the amount of heat transferred, W is the work done on the system, and E is the change in energy of the system.In this process, W is 480 kJ and E is -250 kJ. Using the equation above, we get:Q = 480 kJ + (-250 kJ)Q = 230 kJTherefore, in this process, 230 kJ of heat was transferred.This equation applies to any type of process involving a change in energy, and can be used to calculate the amount of heat transferred when given the amount of work done on the system and the change in energy of the system.To learn more about the first law of thermodynamics refer to:
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when an earthquake occurs, two types or sound waves are generated and travel through the earth. i he primary, or p wave nas a speed of about 8.0 km/s and the secondary, or 5, wave has a speed of about 4.5 km/s. a seismograph, located some distance away, records the arrival of the p wave and then, 90.6 s later, records the arrival of the s wave. assuming that the waves travel in a straight line, how far (in terms of m) is the seismograph from the earthquake?
Body waves and surface waves are the two types of waves that an earthquake can produce.
What does an earthquake's sound wave look like?
Seismic waves, which are audible but undetectable to human eyes and hearing, pulse through the strata of the Earth beneath the surface of the planet as it trembles. Sound waves that can be monitored or even recorded to provide advance notice of an impending seismic catastrophe.
How far do seismic waves travel during an earthquake?
Through seismic waves, earthquakes unleash buried energy in the rocks. The seismic waves that result from an earthquake radiate from the epicenter outward.
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How do you do a dilation with a center different from the origin?
The Dilation with a center different from the origin is by stretching process.
Stretching is a type of transformation that changes the size of an image. A scale factor, also known as a scalar factor, measures how big or small an image is.
Some of the shape features that are not changed during the dilation transformation are:
All angles of the shape are equal.The center of the sides of the shape remains the same as the center of the stretched shape.The parallel and vertical lines in the shape remain the same as the parallel and vertical lines of the stretched shape.The image remains the same.The only change in the stretching process is the distance between the points.This means that the original image and the enhanced image may have different side lengths. There are two types of expansion processes.
Horizontal StretchThe stretch transformation of the function y=f(x) is stretched horizontally by a factor C.
Y = f(Cx)
This type of transformation is called horizontal stretching.
Vertical StretchThe Stretch transform in the function y=f(x) is stretched vertically by a factor C.
Y = C * f(x)
This type of transformation is called vertical stretching.
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the greatest ocean depths on earth are found in the marianas trench near the philippines. calculate the gauge pressure (in atm) due to the ocean at the bottom of this trench, given its depth is 11.0 km and assuming the density of seawater (1029 kg/m3) is constant all the way down.
Given that the trench is 11.0 km deep and that saltwater has a constant density of 1029 kg/m3 throughout, the gauge pressure (in atm) due to the ocean at the bottom of the trench is 992.38 atm.
It is positive for pressures above atmospheric pressure and negative for pressures below atmospheric pressure; gauge pressure is the pressure as compared to atmospheric pressure. Any fluid that is not contained has its pressure increased by the atmospheric pressure. Density is defined as the ratio of mass to volume, or mass per unit volume. It is a way to quantify how much "stuff" an object has in relation to its volume (cubic metre or cubic centimeter). In essence, density is a measurement of how closely stuff is packed together.
P = 100552500/101325
P = 992.38atm
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the circuit is protected by a ground fault interrupter in the plug. the water in the tank is grounded. the two bare wires correspond to the two pins on the ground fault interrupter plug. if the __________ wire is touched to the water, the ground fault interrupter will disconnect the circuit.
If the hot wire is touched to the water, the ground fault interrupter will disconnect the circuit.
GFI or GFCI This device protected from collecting the electric shocks arise from the faults in the electric devices that are used at home. It would be work by comparing the current on the input side that shows the hot side to the current on the outside side that shows the neutral side of the circuit.
In the case when hot wire give 120 VAC current source while on the other hand the neutral wire gives the return path that are given by the hot wire
Therefore, if the hot wire is touched to the water, the ground fault interrupter will disconnect the circuit.
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[NOTE: THIS IS AN INCOMPLETE QUESTION. THE COMPLETE QUESTION IS: The circuit is protected by a ground fault interrupter in the plug. The water in the tank is grounded. The two bare wires correspond to the two pins on the ground fault interrupter plug. If the __________ wire is touched to the water, the ground fault interrupter will disconnect the circuit. Select the best answer from the choices provided. Neutral, Hot, Ground]
a particle is located at northern latitude and traveling due north with with velocity . what is the direction of the coriolis force?
The Coriolis force is perpendicular to the velocity vector, so the direction of the Coriolis force would be east.
The Coriolis force is an inertial force that arises due to the rotation of the Earth. It is directed perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the rotation of the Earth. In this case, since the particle is located at the northern latitude and traveling due north, the Coriolis force will be directed east.
To explain this in more detail, we can look at the equation for the Coriolis force:
Fc = -2*m*ω*v
Where Fc is the Coriolis force, m is the mass of the particle, ω is the angular velocity of Earth, and v is the velocity of the particle.
At northern latitudes, the angular velocity of Earth is counter-clockwise (in the northern hemisphere). Since the particle is traveling due north, its velocity vector is also pointed in a counter-clockwise direction. Therefore, the Coriolis force is directed east, perpendicular to the velocity vector.
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students perform an experiment by connecting a capacitor and a light bulb to a variable power supply in the circuit shown. the switch is closed to position a, the capacitor becomes fully charged, and then the switch is moved to position b and allowed to fully discharge. what happens to the amount of energy stored in the capacitor as the voltage of the power supply is increased, and what evidence supports this claim?
The amount of energy stored in the capacitor is c)increases as the bulb stays lit the same amount of time. So, correct option is c.
Work must be finished to move charges onto a guide, against the power of shock from the generally existing charges on it. This work done to charges from one plate to the next is put away as expected energy of the electric field of the conveyor.
The bulb will illuminate for a moment when the capacitor begins charging. At first when key is shut, the capacitor goes about as short out, so bulb will illuminate. In any case, at last the capacitor turns out to be completely energized, so it will go about as open circuit, so bulb won't gleam.
Hence, correct option is c.
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(Complete question) is:
A Power С Supply Students perform an experiment by connecting a capacitor and a light bulb to a variable power supply in the circuit shown. The switch is closed to position A, the capacitor becomes fully charged, and then the switch is moved to position B and allowed to fully discharge. What happens to the amount of energy stored in the capacitor as the voltage of the power supply is increased, and what evidence supports this claim?
a)The energy increases as the bulb stays lit a shorter amount of time.
b) The energy increases as the bulb stays lit a longer amount of time.
c) The energy increases as the bulb stays lit the same amount of time. d)The energy decreases as the bulb stays lit a shorter amount of time.
e )The energy decreases as the bulb stays lit a longer amount of time.
When a sample of aluminum absorbed 9. 85 j of heat, its temperature increased from 23. 2oc to 30. 5oc. The mass of the sample was ___ g. (specific heat of al is 0. 90 j/g. Oc).
The mass of the sample = 1.50 g
From the question, we have
q= 9.86 J
C = 0.90 J/g-K
temperature ΔT = ( 30.5 ºC - 23.2 ºC ) = 7.3 ºC = 7.3 K
The heat (q) absorbed is,
q = m x C x ΔT
m= q/ (C x ΔT)
m = 9.86 J / ( 0.90 J/g-K ) x 7.3 K ) = 1.50 g
The mass of the sample = 1.50 g
Heat :
Heat is energy that is transmitted from one body to another when temperatures are different. Heat travels from the hotter body to the colder body when two bodies at differing temperatures come in contact. Heat is the result of the movement of kinetic energy within a material or an item, or from an energy source to a material or an object. Radiation, conduction, and convection are the three mechanisms through which such energy can be transferred.
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A 3-kg mass attached to a string which goes vertically to a pulley rests on the floor. A weight is attached to the other end and released. If the 3-kg mass rises 50 cm in 1. 0 s, what is the mass of the weight?.
A weight is attached to the other end of the pulley and released, resulting in 3-kg mass to rise 50 cm in 1.0 s. The mass of the weight is 3.68 kg
The problem can be solved using the equation of motion:
s = u . t + 1/2 a . t²
Where:
s = distance
u = initial velocity
t = time period
a = acceleration
Substitute the given parameters:
s = 50 cm = 0.5 m
u = 0
t = 1
Hence,
0.5 = 0 + 1/2 a . 1²
1/2 a = 0.5
a = 1 m/s²
After obtaining the acceleration, a, use the Newton's 2nd law of motion.
Forces acting on mass 3 kg : tension (T), weight (mg).
Hence,
T - mg = ma
T = m (g + a)
Let M = mass of the weight.
Forces acting on M : tension (T), weight (Mg). Hence,
Mg - T = Ma
T = M (g - a) (substitute T = m (g + a) )
m (g + a) = M (g - a)
M = m x (g + a) / (g - a)
= 3 x (9.8 + 1) / (9.8 - 1)
= 3.68
Hence, the mass of the weight is 3.68 kg
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an arrow is shot straight up in the air at an initial speed of 12.3 m/s. after how much time will the arrow heading downward at a speed of 7.9 m/s? assume the magnitude of g
2.06 second will the arrow heading downward at a speed of 7.9 m/s
Calculation :
As the arrow leaves the bow, it experiences a constant downward acceleration equal to the free fall acceleration g. Upwards, positive direction, the elapsed time/s it takes for the velocity to increase from an initial value of 15.0 m/s upwards (v₀= +12.3 m/s) to a value of 7 .9 m/s downwards change ( vf=−7.9m/s) is
ΔT = ΔV/a
= [tex]\frac{Vf-Vo}{g}[/tex]
=[tex]\frac{12.3-(-7.9)}{9.8}=[/tex] 2.06 sec
Just as distance and displacement (albeit similar) have distinctly different meanings, so do velocity and velocity.speed is a scalar quantity that describes how fast an object is moving. Velocity can be thought of as the speed at which an object travels a distance. A fast-moving object has a high speed and travels a relatively long distance in a short period of time. Compare this to slow, slow-moving objects. Covers a relatively short distance in the same amount of time. A motionless object has zero velocity.
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when light is incident on an interface between two materials, the angle of the refracted ray depends on the wavelength, but the angle of the reflected ray does not. why should this be true
Because different visible light colors have distinct wavelengths and barely varying refractive indices, the wavelength of the light influences the angle of refraction.
For instance, you cannot tell the difference when white light passes through a flat piece of glass because it is so slight.
The reflected beam will always be refracted at the same angle that it impacted the surface since light will then continue to go through the same medium and at the same speed.
A periodic wave's wavelength is its spatial period, or the length over which its shape repeats. It is a property of both travelling waves and standing waves as well as other spatial wave patterns. It is the distance between two successive corresponding locations of the same phase on the wave, such as two nearby crests, troughs, or zero crossings.
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what is the total displacement of a student who walks 100 meters north and then turns around and walks 30 meters south?
The total displacement of a student is -30 m/s.
100 meters north, 30 meters south
Δd1 = -100 (- ve indicates direction)
Δd2 = 70
Total displacement = d1 + d2 = -100 + 70 = -30 m/s
The final distance from the beginning location, or total displacement, is represented by a vector sum. A person moving toward the back of an airplane or a professor moving to the right in relation to a whiteboard are two examples of how an object can move relative to a reference frame and change position. Displacement is a term used to describe this shift in location. Displacement refers to a movement or displacement of an object. Displacement refers to a movement or displacement of an object. Displacement refers to the shift in position along a straight line, whereas position is the numerical value of x along a space where an item might be. Because displacement specifies direction, it is a vector and can be either positive or negative.
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what is the wavelength (in m) of an electron accelerated through a 21.4 kv potential, as in a tv tube? for the purpose of this exercise assume the electron is non-relativistic.
An electron accelerated over a 21.4 kV potential, such as in a TV tube, has a wavelength of about 5.3 103.
What is an electron's wavelength (measured in metres) when it is propelled through a 21.4 kV potential, such as in a television tube?When an electron is driven through a potential, V, its wavelength,, may be calculated using the formula = h/2mV, where h is Planck's constant. The wavelength of an electron accelerated via a 21.4 kV potential can be computed using the formula: = 6.626 x 10-34 Js / 2. (9.11 x 10-31 kg) (21.4 x 103 V)
λ = 1.19 x 10-10 m
The above expression can be used to determine the electron's wavelength because it is assumed that the electron behaves non-relativistically. The end result is a wavelength of 119 pm, or 1.19 x 10-10 m. (picometers). This wavelength is extremely tiny, measuring roughly 1/500th the size of a hydrogen atom.
The size of the image on the screen depends on the wavelength of an electron in a TV tube.
The resolution of the image increases with decreasing wavelength. The wavelength gets smaller and the image gets clearer as the voltage increases.
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how would coulomb's law be written if the charge of an electron was instead defined as positive and the proton as negative?
If the charge of an electron were regarded as positive and the charge of a proton as negative, then coulomb's law appears to be
[tex]F = k\frac{q_{1}q_{2} }{r^{2} }[/tex] ⇒ [tex]F = k\frac{-q_{1}(-q_{2}) }{r^{2} }[/tex] ⇒ [tex]F[/tex].
Suppose,
Electrons are positive, the charge can be written as q, and
Protons are negative, their charge can be seen as being -Q.
It would be akin to inverting the signs of all charges if protons had a negative charge and electrons had a positive charge. This makes it very easy to verify that Coulomb's Law adheres to charge symmetry by using the substitutions q1→−q1 and q2→−q2.
[tex]F = k\frac{q_{1}q_{2} }{r^{2} }[/tex] ⇒ [tex]k\frac{-q_{1}(-q_{2}) }{r^{2} }[/tex] ⇒ [tex](-1)^{2} k\frac{q_{1}q_{2} }{r^{2} }[/tex] [tex]= F[/tex]
Therefore, there would be no difference if we switched the sign convention of the charges.
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which one of the following statements best explains why gases are not commercially sold by volume?
Gas volume depends on temperature and pressure.
The particles are very loosely packed and the intermolecular attractive forces are very weak. This allows gas molecules to easily leave the boundary and fill the space. Mass depends on volume, and volume depends on mass.
Fill gas pressure depends on the number of gas particles the volume of the container and the temperature of the gas. As the number of gas particles in the container increases, the pressure increases. Increasing the volume of the vessel increases the pressure. If we maintain the pressure and temperature of this gas and fill it with a body whose volume can change.
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how fast should the platform move, vp , for the person to detect a beat frequency of 7.00 hz ? take the speed of sound to be 344 m/s .
The platform should move at a rate of 48.3 m/s. This is calculated by taking the speed of sound, 344 m/s, and dividing it by the beat frequency of 7.00 Hz (which is equal to 7 beats/second). 344 m/s / 7 beats/second = 48.3 m/s.
Step 1: Calculate the wavelength of the sound wave with a frequency of 7 Hz. The wavelength is the distance a sound wave travels in a single cycle.
Wavelength = Speed of Sound (m/s) / Frequency (Hz)
Wavelength = 344 m/s / 7 Hz
Wavelength = 49.14 m
Step 2: Calculate the speed of the platform (vp) needed to detect the beat frequency of 7 Hz.
Speed of Platform (vp) = Wavelength (m) * Frequency (Hz)
Speed of Platform (vp) = 49.14 m * 7 Hz
Speed of Platform (vp) = 343.98 m/s
Therefore, the platform needs to move at a speed of 343.98 m/s for the person to detect a beat frequency of 7.00 Hz.
The speed of sound is the distance sound travels through a medium in a given amount of time. It is typically measured in meters per second (m/s). It is determined by the properties of the medium, such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and the medium itself. In air, the speed of sound is approximately 343 m/s (1,125 ft/s). In water, the speed of sound is much faster, around 1,484 m/s (4,887 ft/s).
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four resistors are in parallel. if they are all the same (10 ohms each), what is the total equivalent resistance of the circuit?
the total equivalent resistance of the circuit if four resistors in parallel is 2.5ohm
Total resistance in a parallel circuit is less than any of the individual resistances: Rtotal = 1 / (1/R1 + 1/R2 + . . . 1/Rn)
Resistors are said to be connected together in parallel when both of their terminals are respectively connected to each terminal of the other resistor or resistors.
From 1/R=1/r1 +1/r2+ 1/rn for resistors in parallel you will find that 4ohm resistors in parallel are equivalent to 2 ohms.in a Parallel circuit with the following formula: 1/Rt = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + .The total resistance of a parallel circuit is NOT equal to the sum of the resistors (like in a series circuit).
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A 725 kg car that is moving with 14 m/s hit a truck of mass 2750 kg moving at 17 m/s in the opposite direction.
What is the velocity of the car after impact if the car and truck lock together?
PLEASE HELP ASAP
Answer:
16.4 m/s
Explanation:
725*14+2750*17=
10150+46750=56900
56900=(725+2750)*v ==> v, velocity, is what we're solving for
56900=3475v
56900/3475=3475v/3475
v=16.374 m/s
v=16.4 m/s
a transformer has 412 loops in the the primary coil and 319 loops in the secondary coil. if the input current is 2 a, what is the output current of the transformer in amps?
the output current of the transformer in amps is 2.58 A
Calculation :
Transformation ratio k=[tex]\frac{N2}{N1} = \frac{V2}{V1}=\frac{I1}{I2}[/tex]
N₁ = 412 , N₂ = 319
I₁ = 2 A
To find I₂,
[tex]\frac{I1}{I2} =\frac{N2}{N1}[/tex]
I₂ = (I₁)([tex]\frac{N1}{N2}[/tex])
I₂ = (4)([tex]\frac{412}{319}[/tex])
I₂ = 2.58 A
Electric current is the flow of charged particles, such as electrons and ions, that travel through a conductor or space. [1]: 2 [2]: 622 Moving particles are called charge carriers and can be one of several types depending on the particle. to the conductor. In electrical circuits, charge carriers are often electrons moving through wires. In semiconductors they can be electrons or holes. In electrolytes the charge carriers are ions and in plasmas ionized gases, ions and electrons.
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when the lobes of two p orbitals are in the same phase and overlap side-by-side, the orbital that is formed has a _____ dissociation energy compared to the σ∗ molecular orbital formed from the out-of-phase direct overlap of the two p orbitals.
In contrast to the σ∗ molecular orbital created by the direct out-of-phase overlap of two p orbitals, the orbital formed when the lobes of two p orbitals overlap side by side has a lower bond dissociation energy.
The atoms come together by collisions. The process in which two atoms get so close to one another that they can pierce each other's orbitals and create a new hybridized orbital where the bonding pair of electrons resides is essentially what this condition refers to. This hybridized orbital is stable because it typically has less energy than the atomic orbital. It is in the state of least energy. Orbital overlap is the term for this little orbital penetration.The directionality of the bond was used to explain the molecular bond angles. The overlap of 1s orbitals during a head-on collision results in the formation of the hydrogen molecule. or we could claim that the head-on overlap is mostly responsible for the formation of the sigma bonds.To know more about molecular
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Degeneracy pressure is the source of the pressure that stops the crush of gravity in all the following except
A) a brown dwarf.
B) a white dwarf.
C) a neutron star.
D) a very massive main-sequence star.
E) the central core of the Sun after hydrogen fusion ceases but before helium fusion begins.
In all of the following, with the exception of, degeneracy pressure is the source of the pressure that prevents the crush of gravity. The correct option is D) a very massive main-sequence star.
With the exception of stellar evolution, degeneracy pressure is the cause of the pressure that prevents gravity's crush in all of the instances below. Tiny, relatively chilly, minimal-mass red dwarfs fuse hydrogen over the course of trillions of years or more while remaining on the main sequence.Red dwarfs smaller than 0.35 M are entirely convective, according to stellar simulations. The helium produced by the thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen is thus continuously remixed throughout the star, preventing the buildup of helium at the core and lengthening the fusion period.It's possible that small main-sequence stars will continue to fuse hydrogen for hundreds of billions of years. Red dwarfs are what we call these stars.
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just to be sure you understand how to use and interpret the interactive figure, start with the time slider set to zero. what is the distance from dot b to dot d?
The answer is 2 cm.
If 104 w/m2 corresponds to 160 db, what is the sound intensity level, in decibels, of ultrasound with intensity 105 w/m2, used to pulverize tissue during surgery?.
The ultrasound with intensity 10⁵ W/m², used to pulverize tissue during surgery, has the sound intensity level of 170 decibels.
The relation between sound intensity and sound intensity level is given by:
β (dB) = 10 x log(I/Io)
Where:
β = sound intensity level in decibels (dB)
I = sound intensity
Io = reference intensity
In the given problem:
β = 160 dB if I = 10⁴ W/m²
Find the reference intensity:
β = 10 x log(I/Io)
160 = 10 x log (10⁴ /Io)
log (10⁴ /Io) = 16
Io = 10⁻¹²
Use Io = 10⁻¹² to calculate the sound intensity level of 10⁵ W/m² sound intensity.
β = 10 x log(10⁵/10⁻¹²)
β = 10 x log(10¹⁷)
= 170 dB
Hence, the sound intensity level is 170 dB
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What group(s) of elements on the periodic table really want to give away an electron? why?.
The groups in the periodic table that really want to give away electrons are groups IA, IIA, and some groups IIIA. The members of these groups are mostly metals.
Metals elementsMetals elements have relatively small ionization energies and electron affinities, so they easily give away electrons and are difficult to accept. Whereas non-metallic atoms have large ionization energies and electron affinities, non-metallic atoms easily accept electrons but find it difficult to release electrons.
Ionization energy is the energy required to remove the outer electrons of an atom in the gaseous state. A small ionization energy value indicates that the atom easily releases electrons and if the ionization energy is large, it is difficult for the atom to release electrons.
So, metal atoms tend to give away electrons because they have a small ionization energy, while non-metal atoms tend to gain electrons because they have a high electron affinity.
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Bert has a mass of 120kg. He slides down a slide, which goes 12 m down. Calculate the maximum speed he could reach at the bottom of the slide.
a) Work out the GPE
b) How much KE? (GPE lost = KE gained)
c) Rearrange the KE formula to work out velocity
(a) The gravitational potential energy (GPE) of Bert is 14,112 J.
(b) The kinetic energy of Bert is equal to the change in his potential energy.
(c) The velocity of Bert could reach at the bottom of the slide is 15.33 m/s.
What is the gravitational potential energy of Bert?The gravitational potential energy of Bert is calculated as follows;
GPE = mgh
where;
m is mass of Bertg is acceleration due to gravityh is the height of fallGPE = 120 x 9.8 x 12
GPE = 14,112 J
The velocity Bert could reach at the bottom of the slide is calculated as follows;
K.E = P.E
¹/₂mv² = mgh
v² = 2gh
v = √ (2gh)
v = √ (2 x 9.8 x 12)
v = 15.33 m/s
Based on the law of law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy gained = potential energy lost.
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Two people push a 2,000-kg car to get it started. An acceleration of at least 5. 0 m/s^2 is required to start the car. Assuming both people apply the same magnitude force, how much force will each need to apply if friction between the car and the road is 300 n?.
Both people will have to apply a force equal to 5150N.
This problem can be solved using Newton's Second Law of Motion which states that the force applied on any particle is equal to the product of mass and acceleration of the particle. The expression can be written as
F = ma ; where 'm' is the mass of particle and 'a' is the acceleration of particle.
Now, m = 2000 kg and a = 5 m/s²
F = 2000 kg × 5 m/s²
F = 10000 N
Now, the friction force will be added to this required force. Because to get the car starting to move, the friction force first needs to be overcome.
Total force = F + Frictional force
Total force = 10000 N + 300 N
Total force = 10300 N
Now individual force applied by each person = 10300 N/2 = 5150 N.
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