The cell membrane structure is very important because everything alive has cell membranes. The model used to describe the cell membrane is called the fluid mosaic model.
What is fluid mosaic model?
Fluid Mosaic Model has been known as the fluid mosaic model, which has been proposed by S.J. Singer and Garth L. Nicolson in 1972,explains the structure and composition of the cell membrane.
The plasma membrane has the combination of phospoholipids, cholesterol, proteins and carbohydrates.The model shows that the plasma membrane has a lipid bilayer made of phospholipids.
Therefore, The cell membrane structure is very important because everything alive has cell membranes. The model used to describe the cell membrane is called the fluid mosaic model.
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Which sentence best explains the relationship between a community and an ecosystem?
OA. A community includes both an ecosystem and the surrounding biotic factors.
OB. An ecosystem includes both a community and the surrounding abiotic factors.
OC. A community can contain multiple ecosystems.
D. An ecosystem can include communities from different regions.
Answer: B. An ecosystem includes both a community and the surrounding abiotic factors.
Explanation: An ecosystem includes both a community and the surrounding abiotic factors. An ecosystem comprises living organisms that reside in a particular habitat alongside non-living components of that environment, such as air, water, and soil. A community is the population of diverse species that live in the same area and interact with one another. The relationship between an ecosystem and a community is that an ecosystem includes both a community and the surrounding abiotic factors. The abiotic components of the ecosystem influence the survival and interactions of the biotic components, including species interactions and nutrient cycling. Therefore, an ecosystem's biotic components interact with the abiotic environment, and an ecosystem cannot be complete without the interaction of living and non-living things.
Match the ocean zone with the correct description.Benthic ZoneIntertidal ZoneNeritic Zone Pelagic Zonea. This zone makes up over 90% of the world's oceans and ranges from 200-10,000m deep.b. This zone receives nutrients from land and extends over the continental shelf. c. This zone experiences extreme pressure and frigid temperatures, and there is no light.d. This zone experiences changes in water level during high and low tide.
1. Benthic zone - c. This zone experiences extreme pressure and frigid temperatures, and there is no light.
2. Intertidal zone- d. This zone experiences changes in water level during high and low tide.
3. Neritic zone- b. This zone receives nutrients from land and extends over the continental shelf.
4. Pelagic zone- a. This zone makes up over 90% of the world's oceans and ranges from 200-10,000m deep.
select all the true statements :a) Mitochondria are outside the nucleus of an animal cell.b) An animal cell can have a Golgi but does not have endoplasmic reticulumc) The cell membrane breaks down sugar to release energy than an animal cell can use.
Cell Biology: Parts of the cell.
Animal cells are different from plant cells and fungal cells because they don't have a cell wall or chloroplasts. However, they have all of the other organelles and parts present in other eukaryotic cells.
As we can see in this diagram of an animal cell, they have a nucleus (where the genetic material is), mitochondria (which breaks down the sugar into energy), endoplasmic reticulum (which folds proteins), Golgi apparatus (which modifies and distributes proteins) and, of course, a cell membrane that contains the cytoplasm and all the organelles.
Now, let's compare this information with the statements:
• Statement a, is true, we can see in the diagram that the mitochondria is found in the cytoplasm.
,• Statement b is false because animal cells have both the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum.
,• Statement c is false because the mitochondria is the organelle that breaks down sugars.
Question 1 (1 point)Any change to the DNA or RNA is aa) karyotype2O b) alleleO c) mutationO d) chromosome
When the sequence in DNA or RNA molecules changes, it's called a mutation.
This can be caused by errors in the replication, translation, mitosis, or meiosis; as well as as by damage derived from exposure to UV radiation, certain chemicals, or ionizing radiation.
This means C, mutation, is the right answer.
helpppp please ecosystem between 1975 and 1976 after which time rapiddeforestation and logging took place. Starting in 1979 the localpeople became concerned that the native finch population haddeclined drastically and began replanting mature trees in the area atwhich point the finch population then grew to levels seen in1975-1976. Which of the following explanations is the most crediblegiven the changes in the finch population?
Since the population of finches had decreased when deforestation and logging started, and it returned to its original values prior to deforestation when locals started to replating trees, it follows from these facts that trees are being a limiting factor in finches' populations, either because they're acting as niches, food, both or anything else that these populations needed to survive.
Therefore, the correct answer to this question is option D.
explain how mutations to genes can effect traits in organisms
Explanation:
mutation produce sudden difference between individuals because only the mutation which occurs during formation of gametes are inherited
What type of feedback system controls child birth?
The release of oxytocin during labor stimulates muscle contractions that push the baby through the canal. It is a feedback loop that results in a change in the body's status, instead of resulting in a return to homeostasis. When there is a change in body status, the feedback is a positive feedback loop.
if you find a new species of algae floating on the surface of a coastal zone, you would likely consider it a type of ____.
If you find a new species of algae floating on the surface of a coastal zone, you would likely consider it a type of phytoplankton.
Phytoplankton uses sunlight, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and water to manufacture oxygen and nutrients for other organisms. Earth is said to be covered by the ocean, and phytoplankton are the main source of producing up to 50% of oxygen that breathable.
Phytoplankton are microscopic organisms that live in watery environments, both salty and fresh. Many phytoplankton are bacteria, some are , protists and most are single-celled plants.
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What effect what effects do eating disorders have on the body?
Answer:
Eating disorders are very common but can be very dangerous. They can affect people of all ages and can come in many forms. The type of eating disorder a person has can determine the way they act about food and how much they eat. Some eating disorders involve eating too much food, some involve eating too much food and others involve eating too little.
In the figure, which areas are similar for all IgG antibodies?
A. a and b
B. a and c
C. b and c
D. c and d
E. b and d
In figure, c and d areas are similar for all IgG antibodies (Option d).
What are the antibodies of the immune system?The antibodies of the immune system can be defined as specific molecules that recognize antigens in order to destroy them during the immune response, which is composed of light chains and heavy chains that may be variable between distinct antibodies.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the antibodies of the immune system are composed of variable and common chains and they protect the body against antigens.
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Suppose a mutation occurs in soma portion of DNA and this alters the resulting mRNA that is transcribed. Examine the original and mutated mRNA sequences below and describe how the mutation impacts the resulting protein using either of the codon charts.mRNA from original DNA:ACGGCAUUCAAGGCUACGUACCCUUCUAUCmRNA from mutated DNA:ACGGCAUUCAAAGCUACGUACCCUUCUAUCWhich is correct ? 1)It will cause the resulting amino acid to change 2) no amino acid change (silent mutation) 3) it will cause the protein synthesis to stop early
The answer would be the number 2) no amino acid change (silent mutation)
*When we examine the original sequence, we can notice that the ACGGCAUUC-AAG-GCUACGUACCCUUCUAUC mutated into ACGGCAUUC-AAA-GCUACGUACCCUUCUAUC.
*These codons AAG and AAA refer to LYSINE. Therefore, even if there is a change when the guanine (G) becomes adenine (A) in the mutated version, there is no change in the amino acid.
Can you please answer
Answer:
0. provides a type of adaptive immunity
,1. is 100 percent effective in disease prevention
,2. must be given on a regular basis from birth to 18 years of age
Which statement is incorrect about scientific theories?A. Theories are suggestions that don't require credible scientific explanation.B. Theories can be changed if new evidence arises.C. Theories are based on proven hypotheses.D. Theories are used to explain why natural phenomena occur.
Scientific theory is a way to explain phenomena that is incorporated in a hypothesis or laws. It can be modified as new evidence arises since scientist accepts new evidences to explain further the previous theory. It is based on proven hypothesis. It is well explained and based on verified and proven hypothesis. It is used to explain the occurence of natural phenomena. The evidences where it is based was developed over time.
Theories are not suggestions. These are reliable and comprehensive knowledge. It does not only provide provisions for facts' explanation but makes a way for predictions so as to prove its truthfulness.
Answer - A. Theories are suggestions that don't require credible scientific explanation.
Why does DMD affect mostly boys? Use CER.Group of answer choicesA. DMD must be a sex-linked disorder. For example hemophilia is a sex-linked disorder that affected mostly males due to being located on the X chromosome. For females to be affected, they would have to have both X-chromosomes affected, since they have 2.B. DMD does not affect mostly boys. There is not way to determine is males are affected more the females.C. DMD must be a autosomal-linked disorder. For example Huntington's is a autosomal-linked disorder that affected mostly males. For females to be affected, they would have to have both X-chromosomes affected, since they have 2.
Duchenne MD is caused by a dystrophin gene in the X chromosome. Boys only have one X chromosome making the DMD more present in the boys, as the girls can almost always balance the chromosomic anomaly with the second X chromosome. That's the case with hemophilia that is also a sex-linked disorder. Being the answer to the question the letter A.
11Certain types of plants have flowers that secrete nectar, a sweet liquid that attracts animals such as bats. The bats visit these flowersand feed off of the sweet nectar. As they feed, they pick up pollen and spread it to other flowers. What effect do bats have on theseflowering plants?OA. Bats increase the plants' population.OB. Bats decrease the plants population.OC. Bats prevent the plants from reproducing.OD. Bats prevent the plants from growing tall.ResetSubmit
Bats, in this case, are acting as pollinators, which means that move pollen from flower to flower favoring outcrossing and fertilization of the flower, this way fruits and seeds are produced, therefore we can say that the correct answer is option A.
What new species have been discovered recently and how have they been classified
So far eighteen species have been discrebed in 2021. These are:
1. Leaf-litter ant (Strumigenys collinsae) - USA
This is one of the six ants from Strumigenys genus discrebed in a recent paper. The holotype as found in Colorado.
2. Churah Valley kukri snake (Oligodon churahensis) - India
This snake specie as found in the bachyard of a graduate student in India during lockdown.
3. Star octopus (Octopus djinda) - Australia
New specie of octopus from the larger global O. vulgaris group. These specie name was chosen to constrast with that of it's east coast relative (gloomy octopus).
4. Hoserhair worm (Acutogordius olivetti) - Peru
Found in a scientific expedition to document fauna in Madre de Dios, southern Peru.
5. Ramari's beaked whale (Masoplodon eueu) - Southern Hemisphere
A distinct spedie from True's beaked whale found in North Atlantic.
6. Weevil (Trigonopterus ewok) - Sulawesi
Found in the Indo-Antralian-Melanesian archipelago, the nunber of Trigonopterus increse with 28 newly discrebed species.
7. Tiger beetle (Eunota mecocheila) - Mexico
Found in the saline and muddy ditches.
8. Nujian pit viper (Gloyrius lipipengi) - China
One of the two venomous snakes discrebed by researchers studying the molecular phylogeny of pit viper in Asia.
9. Feiruz wood lizard (Enyaliodies feiruzae)
What is most likely to be the first organism to grow in a rock outcrop that has never been home to living organisms?
The question is referring to primary succession, which begins with the colonization of living organisms in an area that hasn't had any living organisms before.
This kind of succession begins with microorganisms, and plants such as lichens and mosses.
Given that a rock outcrop is a terrestrial environment, lichens (C) are most likely to be the firsts organisms.
Explain the difference and similarities of the chromosomes in a cell at metaphase mitosis and in a cell at metaphase 2 of mitosis 2.
Question: Explain the difference and similarities of the chromosomes in a cell at metaphase of MITOSIS and in a cell at metaphase 2 of MEIOSIS?
Explanation:
In the metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate at the centromere, which joins sister (identical) chromatids. In metaphase I of meiosis, they are aligned at the equatorial plate by the chiasmata that join the tetrads, already recombined. Thus, in metaphase II of meiosis, the sister chromatids are genetically distinct because of crossing over in meiosis I during prophase 1.
Answer:
Similarities in the chromosomes between metaphase of Mitosis and Metaphase 2 of Meiosis:
In metaphase II of meiosis and metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate due to the action of microtubule spindle fibers emanating from the centrosomes located at opposite cell poles. These fibers are attached to the chromosomes by kinetochores at the centromeres of the chromosomes.
The chromosomes are similar in that each is composed of two sister chromatids and the individual chromosomes are positioned similarly on the metaphase plate.
Differences in the chromosomes between metaphase of Mitosis and Metaphase 2 of Meiosis:
The chromosome differs in that in a mitotically dividing cell, sister chromatids of each chromosome are genetically identical, but in a meiotically dividing cell, sister chromatids are genetically distinct because of crossing over in meiosis I. Moreover, the number of chromosomes at the equatorial plate in meiosis II is half the number in the mitotic nucleus.
In metaphase II the chromosomes are aligned at the center of the cell. This time there are no homologous chromosomes to be paired with.
In mitosis, the sister chromatids that make up a given chromosome are identical. In meiosis II, they may differ in length if they participate in crossing over during prophase I. The chromosomes then differ in length when they reach metaphase II.
How are plants influenced by human societies?
Answer:
Explanation:
Plants are affected both positively and negatively by human societies. We either help their growth, or stunt their growth. For instance, we may add fertilizers to the soil. This helps plants, or we may cause oil spillag on soil, which in turn kills plants.
What process occurs whena virus transfers DNA fromone bacteria to another?A. transductionB. transformationC. conjugation
Transduction: It is a process when a virus transfers genetic material from 1 bacteria to another. ex- bacteriophages.
So option A is the correct answer.
I need help with this practice problem I am having a hard time,
A soil horizon is a layer of soil with characteristic propierties. This physical, chemical and biological characteristics are common of that layer and differ from the layers above and beneath.
how are adaptations related to the ecosystem where an organism lives?
Adaptation relates to the ecosystem of organisms because organisms must adapt to the changing biotic and abiotic factors in their ecosystems.
Adaption and ecosystemsAdaptation refers to the adjustment of living organisms to the changing factors in their environment in order to continue surviving in the environment.
Ecosystems, on the other hand, refers to communities of different organisms interacting together and their physical environments to form a system.
Thus, an ecosystem consists of both living and nonliving components. The living components include other living organisms of the same or different species. The non-living components include edaphic or soil factors, rocks, and climatic factors such as temperature, pressure, salinity, precipitation, etc.
An organism living in a particular ecosystem must be constantly adapting to both living and non-living factors of the ecosystem. Such an organism must be able to compete with other organisms of the same or different species for resources.
The organism must also be able to adapt to changing abiotic factors in other to continue surviving in such an ecosystem.
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What is the similarity between mid-ocean ridges and accretion?
Both occur at convergent boundaries.
Both occur at divergent plate boundaries.
They occur when plates slide past each other.
They occur when one plate is pushed below another.
Which of the following can be determined from hair without the follicular tag? Mark all that apply!
Group of answer choices
what part of the body
species
race
age
sex
Mitochondrial DNA analysis is feasible if no follicular tag is visible. A person's mother's genetic material is the only genetic material that can be identified by mitochondrial DNA analysis. Therefore, species and race are the proper answers. A microscopic study of hair lacking a follicular tag cannot detect age and sex reliably.
The follicular tag, which is a rich source of mitochondrial DNA and can be used to identify a person, may remain present if the hair has been forcibly removed. If mtDNA can be retrieved from a hair with a follicular tag, it can be used as individual proof. The tissue from a hair follicle that is still affixed to the root end of a hair is called a follicular tag. In a medullary appearance known as a fragmented medulla, the proportion of the medulla that is visible is lower than the part of the medulla that is not.
Thus, we can state that mitochondrial D.N.A. analysis is possible in the absence of a follicular tag.
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How is RNA polymerase different from DNA polymerase?-it synthesizes DNA from complimentary strand-it synthesizes RNA from complimentary strands-They are identical in structure and function- it synthesizes Amino Acids
The correct option is the second one: -it synthesizes RNA from complimentary strands-. RNA synthesis is quite different to DNA's. For example, some differences are: RNA polymerase adds nucleotides directly, it produces a single strand, and it requires specific transcription factors to start its activity.
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Assuming these genes are independent from each other and express complete dominance, 1) Ggbb: Gray hair and red eyes. ggbb: White hair and red eyes. ggBB: White hair and black eyes. GgBb: Gray hair and black eyes. 2) a- 8/16, b- 8/16, c- 0/16, d- 0/16. 3) a- 9/16, b- 3/16, c- 3/16, d- 1/16.
What are complete dominance and independent genes?Complete dominance is an inheritance pattern expressed by a gene in which one of the alleles dominates over the other allele, and hides its expression in the heterozygous state.
This means heterozygous individuals express dominant phenotypes.
Independent genes are those that code for different features and do not affect not depend on other genes.
During segregation, these genes assort independently, and the presence of one of them does not affect the expression of the other gene. There is no interaction between them.
In the exposed example, there are two genes coding for different traits. We will assume these genes are independent from each other and they express complete dominance.
Gene G codes for hair color- G is the dominant allele and codes for gray hair
- g is the recessive allele and codes for white hair
Gene B codes for eye color- B is the dominant allele and codes for black eyes
- b is the recessive allele and codes for red eyes
Dominant phenotypes
- Gray hair
- Black eyes
The presence of at least one dominant allele is enough to express the dominant phenotype.
1) the phenotypes of the rabbits with the following genotypes are,
Ggbb ⇒ Gray hair and red eyesggbb ⇒ White hair and red eyesggBB ⇒ White hair and black eyesGgBb ⇒ Gray hair and black eyes2) Cross 1:
Parentals) GGbb x ggBb
Gametes) Gb, Gb, Gb, Gb gB, gB, gb, gb
Punnett square) Gb Gb Gb Gb
gB GgBb GgBb GgBb GgBb
gB GgBb GgBb GgBb GgBb
gb Ggbb Ggbb Ggbb Ggbb
gb Ggbb Ggbb Ggbb Ggbb
F1)
8/16 = 1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be dihybrid GgBb and express gray hair and black eyes.
8/16 = 1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be heterozygous for hair color, Gg, and homozygous recessive for eye color, bb. These individuals (Ggbb) are expected to express gray hair and red eyes.
a- Gray fur and black eyes: 8/16
b- Gray fur and red eyes: 8/16
c- White fur and black eyes : 0/16
d- White fur and red eyes: 0/16
3) Cross 2:
Parentals) GgBb x GgBb
Gametes) GB, Gb, gB, gb GB, Gb, gB, gb
Punnett square) GB Gb gB gb
GB GGBB GGBb GgBB GgBb
Gb GGBb Ggbb GgBb Ggbb
gB GgBB GgBb ggBB ggBb
gb GgBb Ggbb ggBb ggbb
F1)
Genotype- 1/16 individuals are expected to be GGBB
- 2/16 individuals are expected to be GGBb
- 1/16 individuals are expected to be Ggbb
- 2/16 individuals are expected to be GgBB
- 4/16 individuals are expected to be GgBb
- 2/16 individuals are expected to be Ggbb
- 1/16 individuals are expected to be GgBB
- 2/16 individuals are expected to be ggBb
- 1/16 individuals are expected to be ggbb
Phenotype9/16 individuals are expected to express gray hair and black eyes, G-B-
3/16 individuals are expected to express gray hair and red eyes, G-bb
3/16 individuals are expected to express white hair and black eyes, ggB-
1/16 individuals are expected to express white hair and red eyes, ggbb
a- Gray fur and black eyes: 9/16
b- Gray fur and red eyes: 3/16
c- White fur and black eyes : 3/16
d- White fur and red eyes: 1/16
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I need help with this practice problem solving Select all that apply It can be more than one *
An invasive species characterized by certain aspects that confer them high competitivity, many of them are generalists for habitat and food, possess a quick reproduction, and grow fast. Therefore we can say that the correct answer are the two first options.
Which term describes an excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid on the brain?
O encephalitis
Ohydrocephalus
O epilepsy
O concussion
Its hydrocephalus.
Cited from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hydrocephalus/symptoms-causes/syc-20373604 "Hydrocephalus is the buildup of fluid in the cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain. The excess fluid increases the size of the ventricles and puts pressure on the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid normally flows through the ventricles and bathes the brain and spinal column. But the pressure of too much cerebrospinal fluid associated with hydrocephalus can damage brain tissues and cause a range of brain function problems."
Based on your knowledge of scientific laws and theories, which statement is true?A. They both represent definite facts that are not subject to change.B. They are hypotheses.C. They are ordered-one becomes the other.D. They are based on evidence and observations.
Both scientific laws and theories talk about phenomena and events that happen in nature, but laws are used to describe them, while theories explain why those phenomena happen. However, despite the differences between the concepts, they are both based on evidence and observations.
Answer: D
There are many different breeds of dogs. The table below gives the average adult size of several of these breeds when individualsare raised in similar environments.Breed Average Height (inches) Average Weight (pounds)toy fox terrier8.5 -11.53.5-9.0Pomeranian7.0 - 12.04.2 -7.7Portuguese water dog 17.0-22.033.0-60.0Irish wolfhound32.0 - 35.0115.0 - 180.0Great Dane28.0 - 34.099.0 - 200.0Scientists identified a single gene that controls growth in dogs. They found that the Pomeranians and toy fox terriers have similarversions of this gene, but Portuguese water dogs, Irish wolfhounds, and Great Danes have different versions.Which best explains the findings and the data in the table?OA. The environment in which the dogs grow changes their genetic material, and these changes affect the dogs' growth.OB. The versions of the gene in Irish wolfhounds and Great Danes decrease the rate at which these breeds grow.C. The version of the gene in Pomeranians and toy fox terriers limits growth, so these breeds can only grow to small sizes.D. The difference in size between Portuguese water dogs, Irish wolfhounds, and Great Danes produces different changes inthe dogs' genes.ResetSubmit
The correct option is "C. The version of the gene in Pomeranians and toy fox terriers limits growth, so these breeds can only grow to small sizes." Since, the findings highlight how different variations of the same gene, produce different results in the dogs phenotype, that is, its size.
Answer: C. The version of the gene in Pomeranians and toy fox terriers limits growth, so these breeds can only grow to small sizes.
Explanation: Source: Trust me bro,