Birds are one of two groups of flying vertebrates (bats are the other). their adaptations for flight include a method of breathing that extracts a majority of the oxygen from each breath of air and Hollow bones
What is the plain meaning of the word vertebrate?
A vertebrate is a living being with a spine. Vertebrates include fish, reptiles, mammals, and birds.
To reduce air resistance when flying, the birds have bodies that resemble spindles. This enables the birds to conserve energy and improve their flying prowess.
Birds lack hefty jaws and teeth in favor of light beaks. They have feathers instead of fur. The body is streamlined and friction is reduced during flight thanks to the feathers' smooth, backward-facing, and close-fitting characteristics. These have a sleek, light design that is elegantly adaptable for flight. In order to make them lighter for flight, their bones are also hollow (pneumatized).
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all of the statements below are true. select the statement that best supports the view of most biologists that viruses are nonliving.
A virus that is isolated cannot produce ATP or replicate its genes.
A virus is what?
A virus in medicine is a very basic microbe that can infect cells and lead to disease. Viruses are not regarded as living organisms because they can only reproduce inside of infected cells.
Viruses are not composed of cells, they cannot maintain a constant condition, they cannot develop, and they cannot produce their own energy. Although they proliferate and adjust to their surroundings, viruses behave more like machines than actual biological things. They cannot expand or grow on their own. As a result, they are non-living. When a virus does, however, infiltrate a living cell of an organism, it draws energy from the host cell and begins to replicate.
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describe the key characteristics and functions of the following organelles: nucleus (including nucleolus), endoplasmic reticulum (including smooth vs. rough), golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondrion, chloroplast
Cell organelles are cellular components. They include a nucleus, mitochondria, choloroplast, etc. They coordinate and work together efficiently for a cell’s normal functioning.
What are the functions of different cell organelles?
Various organelles are present inside of a cell and they have different functions.
Nucleus: a nucleus has a double membrane, and is found in all eukaryotic cells. It is said to be the largest organelle. It functions as the control centre of cellular activities and is where the cell’s DNA is located.
Endoplasmic reticulum: it is a network of membranous canals that are filled with fluid. Endoplasmic reticulum is the transport system of the cell, which is involved in transport of materials throughout the cell. Endoplasmic Reticulum is of two different types: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Golgi apparatus: Golgi apparatus is also known as Golgi Complex. It is membrane bound, consisting of cisternae, which are a series of flattened, stacked pouches .
Mitochondrion: Mitochondria, as we already know, are called the powerhouses of the cell. This is because they produce energy-rich molecules for the cell.
Chloroplast: Chloroplasts are double membrane-bound. They usually vary in shape such as from a disc to spherical, oval, discoid, and ribbon.
Therefore, cell organelles are cellular components. They include a nucleus, mitochondria, choloroplast, etc. They coordinate and work together efficiently for a cell’s normal functioning.
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HELP!! 30 POINTS
BIOLOGY HELPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP
which pathogen:description pair among a-e is incorrectly matched? a. treponema pallidum: can become a latent infection that later results in shingles b. staphylococcus aureus: some strains form exotoxins that cause gastroenteritis c. streptococus mutans: gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic pathogen that can cause cavities in your teeth. d. streptococcus pneumoniae: primary cause of bacterial pneumonia among humans e. yersinia pestis: vectorborne disease that causes a systemic infection. f. a-e are all correctly matched
Treponema pallidum: can become a latent infection that later results in shingles is incorrectly matched.
Which disease is caused by Treponema pallidum?Treponema pallidum is a bacterium that causes the STD known as syphilis. Without a proper treatment, syphilis can have detrimental repercussions on one's health.
What is the cause of syphilis?By coming into contact with a chancre, or sore, that is characteristic of syphilis, a person can contract the disease. Cancers can develop in, on, or near the lips, mouth, rectum, etc. The spread of syphilis can occur through oral, or vaginal intercourse. Syphilis can potentially be passed from a pregnant woman to her unborn child.
What impact does syphilis have on a pregnant woman and her unborn child?Syphilis can spread to an unborn child when a pregnant person has it. Syphilis testing ought to be done on all expectant women at their initial prenatal appointment. At birth and during the third trimester (28 weeks gestation), some people will require additional testing. This includes those who reside in places with high syphilis prevalence or who are susceptible to contracting the disease while pregnant.
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Thermoreceptors are sensitive to temperature at the body's surface. Extremes in temperature also stimulate:
mechanoreceptors
chemoreceptors
pain receptors
photoreceptors
Extremes in temperature also stimulate pain receptors.
What are receptors?
The biological transducers known as receptors transform energy from the internal and external surroundings into electrical impulses. They can be dispersed, like those of the skin and viscera, or they can be massed together to create a sense organ, like the eye or the ear.
Nociceptors, another name for pain receptors, are a class of sensory neurons with specialized nerve endings that are found throughout the skin, deep tissues (such as the muscles and joints), and the majority of visceral organs. They react to tissue damage or potentially harmful stimuli by sending nerve signals to the brain and spinal cord to start the pain-sensation process. Nociceptors are equipped with particular molecular sensors that can pick up on dangerous substances and temperatures. When the skin is pinched or the muscles are overextended, mechanical nociceptors can also react, injuring the tissue. The action potentials produced by the activation of nociceptors travel along the afferent nerve axons, particularly the unmyelinated C-fibers and sparsely myelinated A-fibers.Hence, extremes in temperature also stimulate pain receptors.
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What is the BEST description of how this tree grows in size?
Answer:
option 3
Explanation:
all stem cells will be growing that's just how it works! as stem cells grow the tree will grow with them into an adult
**ANSWER QUICK, WILL GIVE 100PTS FOR ANSWERING CORRECTLY!**
List three inferences that scientists make about the first living thing. Explain why
[Trolls and false answers will be blocked and reported]
Answer:
There are many inferences that scientists make about the first living thing, but three of the most important ones are:
The first living thing was capable of self-replication, or the ability to make copies of itself. This is inferred from the fact that all living things today are capable of self-replication, and it is likely that this ability was present in the first living thing as well.
The first living thing was able to obtain and use energy from its environment. This is inferred from the fact that all living things require energy to grow, develop, and reproduce, and it is likely that the first living thing had a similar need for energy.
The first living thing was able to evolve and adapt to changing conditions. This is inferred from the fact that all living things today are able to evolve and adapt to their environments, and it is likely that the first living thing was also capable of evolving and adapting over time.
These inferences are based on the observations and findings of scientists who study the origins of life. They are not certainties, but rather educated guesses based on the available evidence. By making these inferences, scientists can better understand the characteristics and behavior of the first living thing, and how it might have evolved into the complex and diverse forms of life that exist today.
Explanation:
These conclusions are based on the observations and findings of scientists studying the origins of life. They are educated guesses based on the available evidence, not certainties.
What is inferences?In these cases, scientists use inferential reasoning to answer their questions based on evidence gathered through observations and information discovered by them or other scientists about the topic.
The first cells were most likely prokaryotic. Heterotrophic and anaerobic. The first living thing had the ability to self-replicate, or make copies of itself.
This is deduced from the reality that all living things today are capable of self-replication, and it is likely that the first living thing also possessed this ability.
The first living thing had the ability to evolve and adapt to changing circumstances. This is implied by the fact that all living things today are capable of evolving and adapting to their surroundings.
Thus, these are the inferences that scientists make about the first living thing.
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classify each phrase as applying to the lytic cycle, the lysogenic cycle, or both types of reproductive cycles of phages. drag the descriptions into the appropriate bins. view available hint(s)for part b resethelp
The hosts and cell within the host that viruses infect tend to be quite specialised.s
Bacteriophages
Bacteriophages are bacteria-infecting viruses.
A few viruses can perform both lytic and lysogenic cycles, which are the two possible life cycles for bacteriophages. When a bacteriophage infects a cell, new virions are produced. latency: A pathogenic virus's capacity to lay dormant inside a cell.
A virus known as a bacteriophage targets bacteria only.
lytic cycle: The typical viral reproduction process that involves nucleic acid synthesis, cell membrane penetration, and host cell lysis.
lysogenic cycle: A method of viral reproduction in which a bacteriophage's and a host's nucleic acids combinecombine
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Which of the following statements identifies a concern associated with the increased proportion of GM crops being grown?
A
Planting GM crops results in reduced crop yield, which causes more land to be put into production.
B
Use of GM seeds can lead to loss of genetic diversity in crops.
C
GM crops cannot be grown in marginal soils.
D
Runoff from GM crop fields can lead to increased eutrophication.
E
GM crops cannot withstand herbicide application, reducing crop yield.
Use of GM seeds can lead to loss of genetic diversity in crops. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What are GM crops?Crops that have undergone genetic engineering techniques to alter their DNA are referred to as genetically modified crops. Plant genomes may be modified physically or by transferring sequences contained in T-DNA binary vectors using Agrobacterium.
The emergence of insect pests and weeds that are pesticide-resistant are two practical issues with GM crops. Other issues with GM crops include farmers' access to a wide range of seed varieties, increasing seed prices, and a growing reliance on multinational seed corporations.
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How does diffusion help cells maintain homeostasis? Please submit your conclusion paragraph.
Homeostasis can also occur at pH and nutrition levels, for instance. Particles travel through a process called diffusion from a region where they are more concentrated to one where they are less concentrated. Diffusion is employed to maintain a cell's equilibrium concentration when homeostasis is under danger.
What is diffusion ?Diffusion is the overall net movement of anything from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. A gradient in the Gibbs free energy or chemical potential drives diffusion.
Molecules go through the cell membrane due to diffusion. In order to balance the internal conditions of the cell with the external environment, molecules of a substance migrate over a gradient of concentration.
Thus, Diffusion is employed to maintain a cell's equilibrium concentration when homeostasis is under danger.
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Which of the following plant types does not produce pollen?
Flowers
Algae
Angiosperms
Gymnosperms
Pollen is a fine powder that seed plants produce. Pollen grains, which create male gametes, make up this substance. Algae plant does not produce pollen. Therefore, option B is correct.
What is pollen grain ?A pollen grain is a small structure that contains an androecium, which is a flower's male reproductive system. Cytoplasm can be found inside the pollen grain together with the tube cell, which transforms into a pollen tube, and the generative cell, which releases the sperm nuclei.
The male gametophyte, or pollen grain, is what houses the male gametes. The two layers that surround the pollen grain are exile, which makes up the outside layer, and intine, which makes up the interior layer. The two male gametes are created by dividing the generative cell. The vegetative cell is in charge of supplying nourishment.
Thus, option B is correct.
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to remain in caloric balance as you age, you will need to decrease your caloric intake by about every 10 years over the age of 25.
To remain in caloric balance as you age, you will need to decrease your caloric intake by 2.5% about every 10 years over the age of 25
Define caloric balance.
Calorie balancing refers to the idea that the calories we consume through food and beverages should balance out the calories we expend through exercise and other physical activity (for example, breathing, digesting food, sleeping).
By eating foods high in fiber, choosing healthier beverages, being mindful of portion size, and increasing the amount of fruits and vegetables in your diet, you can reduce the number of calories you consume. A small amount of weight loss, like 5 to 10 percent of your total body weight, can have positive effects on your health.
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The major advantage that cancer cells have over normal cells with respect to growth signals is that cancer colls: A. can more easily heterodimerize. B. are all receptor tyrosine kinases c. are self-sufficient in producing them. D. send signals to the cell nucleus more rapidly
The major advantage that cancer cells have over normal cells with respect to growth signals is that cancer cells send signals to the cell nucleus more rapidly which is therefore denoted as option D.
What is Cancer?This is referred to as a medical condition in which some of the body's cells grow uncontrollably and then spread to other parts of the body This is treated through different forms and techniques such as the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Cancer cells however have advantage over normal cells due to their round or elongated and helps the travel in the bloodstream easily than a normal cell which has a spheroid shape.
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identify the tract system that carries sensory information from the skin to the brain.multiple choice question.
Anterolateral system, a group of ascending channels that connect the brainstem or thalamus to the spinal cord, carrying pain, temperature, and associated touch sensations.
Which sensory tract carries information?There are ascending and descending pathways in the spinal cord. The ascending tracts are sensory routes that pass through the spinal cord's white matter on their way to the brain, carrying somatosensory data.
How does the brain receive sensory data?Electric impulses, or signals, are sent by nerves, which are collections of neural fibers. Sensory neurons carry these signals from the periphery, such as the toe, to the spinal cord and brain.
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The process in brewing (beer production) is aerobic tespiration.
Answer: Whilst brewing the ginger beer, the yeast in the brew uses aerobic respiration to produce the alcohol and ethanol inside the ginger beer. The equation for this cellular respiration is C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O and in other wise is glucose+ oxygen -> carbon dioxide+ water.
Explanation:
Comparing the walls of the atria to the walls of the ventricles in a fetal pig. Which are thicker? Why?
Answer:-The ventricles of the heart have thicker muscular walls than the atria. This is because blood is pumped out of the heart at greater pressure from these chambers compared to the atria. The left ventricle also has a thicker muscular wall than the right ventricle, as seen in the adjacent image.
Each side of the heart has an atrium that receives blood from elsewhere in the body and a ventricle that pumps the blood out of the heart
Semilunar valves in the arteries prevent back flow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles. Why are the walls of the atria thinner than the walls of the ventricles? This is because their contractions don't need to be that powerful as the blood only needs to travel down a short distance to the ventricles. Deoxygenated blood enters the heart at the right atrium via the superior vena cava (vein), then travels into the right ventricle which pumps the blood out to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk (artery). After oxygenation, the blood travels back to heart via the pulmonary veins and enters the left atrium.
The energy transfer system used by living things is ...
Fat
Sunlight
ATP
sugar
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
fat
9.
Meat tenderizer contains an enzyme that interacts
with meat. If meat is coated with tenderizer and
then placed in a refrigerator for a short time, how
would the enzyme be affected?
A. It would be broken down.
B.
Its activity would slow down.
C. Its shape would change.
D. It would no longer act as an enzyme.
I
a diuretic drug called thiazide increases water loss by reducing ion reabsorption in the proximal and the distal convoluted tubules. which of the following answer choices correctly pertains to this statement?
Obligatory water reabsorption is thus reduced.
What is the use of thiazide?
One of the first drugs prescribed for high blood pressure is thiazide diuretics. Your doctor may add additional blood pressure medications to your treatment regimen if diuretics are unable to sufficiently drop your blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), chlorthalidone, and indapamide are the three thiazide diuretics that are most frequently used. The FDA has given both HCTZ and chlorthalidone approval for use in treating primary hypertension.
Hence, the answer is, obligatory water reabsorption is thus reduced.
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What Is the primary substances thst gets nade after photosynthesis?
Answer: The correct answers are glucose and oxygen.
Explanation:
Plants utilize water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide to create the primary products of photosynthesis; glucose and oxygen.
Name and describe each of the four processes of mechanical weathering(8 pts)
PLEASE HURRY DUE DEC 9th!!!!
(this is earth and space science they didn't have an option for it lol)
The breaking down of rocks at the Earth's surface by the effects of precipitation, temperature extremes, and biological activity is known as weathering. There is no rock material removal involved. There are three types of weathering, physical, chemical, and biological.
What are the processes of mechanical weathering?A substance that exerts force on a rock, such as ice, rushing water, wind, quick heating or cooling, or plant growth, fractures the rock mechanically or physically.
Therefore, By means of mechanical weathering processes, rock is physically broken down into smaller bits. Abrasion, frost wedging, pressure release (unloading), and organic activity are some of these mechanisms.
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Most endangered species are
-selected species.
considered
A. J
B. I
C. S
D. K
Answer: Javan rhino, Iberian lynx, Siberian tiger, and Kakapo
Explanation:
During a heavy rainstorm, runoff is most likely to occur if the surface soil is
a. firmly packed clay-sized particles
b. loosely packed sand-sized particles
c. covered by trees, shrubs, and grasses
d. unsaturated and has a gentle slope
Give two groups of food which are reabsorbed along the mammalian digestive system without undergoing digestion
Answer:
In the digestive system of mammals, two groups of food that are reabsorbed without undergoing digestion are water and electrolytes. These substances are absorbed directly from the small intestine into the bloodstream, where they are transported to the cells of the body to be used for various metabolic processes.
Water and electrolytes are essential for the proper functioning of the body, as they help to maintain hydration, regulate body temperature, and support the transmission of nerve impulses. In the small intestine, they are absorbed through the walls of the blood vessels and pass into the bloodstream, where they are distributed to the cells and tissues of the body.
Because they are not digested, water and electrolytes do not provide any nutritional value to the body. However, they are still important for maintaining overall health and wellbeing.
The illustrations below represent forms of reproduction. In which form of reproduction will the offspring differ most from the parent?
OA.
OB.
O C.
OD.
runners
budding
fertilization
binary fission
Answer:
Explanation:
all
Which of the following does NOT occur by mitosis?
a. Growth
b. Development of an embryo
c. Repair
d. Production of gametes
Answer:
d. Production of gametes
Explanation:
Production of gametes does not occur by mitosis because mitosis only produces somatic cells and does the produce gametes (production of gametes is through meiosis).
the herpes viruses are enveloped dna viruses that cause disease in vertebrates and in some invertebrates such as oysters. some of the human forms are herpes simplex virus (hsv) types i and ii, causing facial and genital lesions, and the varicella zoster virus (vsv), causing chicken pox and shingles. each of these actively infects nervous tissue. primary infections are fairly mild, but the virus is not then cleared from the host; rather, viral genomes are maintained in cells in a latent phase. the virus can later reactivate, replicate, and infect others. which of the following treatments would have the best chance of lowering the number of new cases of infection? use the following information to answer the question. the herpes viruses are enveloped dna viruses that cause disease in vertebrates and in some invertebrates such as oysters. some of the human forms are herpes simplex virus (hsv) types i and ii, causing facial and genital lesions, and the varicella zoster virus (vsv), causing chicken pox and shingles. each of these actively infects nervous tissue. primary infections are fairly mild, but the virus is not then cleared from the host; rather, viral genomes are maintained in cells in a latent phase. the virus can later reactivate, replicate, and infect others. which of the following treatments would have the best chance of lowering the number of new cases of infection? treat herpes simplex virus lesions to shorten the breakout. vaccinate of all persons with preexisting cases of herpes simplex virus. educate people about ways to disinfect surfaces that came in contact with herpes simplex virus. interfere with new viral replication in preexisting cases of herpes simplex virus.
The treatments that would have the best chance of lowering the number of new cases of infection is interference with new viral replication in preexisting casesof herpes simplex virus. The correct answer is D.
All species of vertebrate animals, as well as some invertebrate animals like oysters, are affected by the herpes viruses, which are very significant enveloped DNA viruses. Herpes simplex I and II (HSV I and II), which cause lesions on the facial and genital, and varicella-zoster (VSV), which causes chicken pox and shingles, are a few of the human ones. The neurological system is actively infected by all three of them. Although first infections are usually not very severe, viral genomes are kept in cells during a latent period rather than being eliminated from the host. The virus can then become active again, reproduce, and spread to new people.
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correct answers only please
The essential roles of cell division in organisms include allowing for growth because a multicellular organism has more than one cell, cell differentiation is key to carrying out specialized tasks and replacing dead cells is essential to carry out normal functions that otherwise couldn't be achieved.
What is the process of cell differentiation?The process of cell differentiation is a cellular process in which different genes are expressed in a cell to produce specialized cells that are able to carry out key functions such as red blood cells expressing hemoglobin proteins to carry out oxygen.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the process of cell differentiation is key to survival because it leads to generating different cells that are able to carry out differential functions, in the same way, that cell division for organism growth in multicellular organisms.
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a fasciclemultiple choiceis a bundle of collagen fibers.is surrounded by perimysium.possesses an external lamina.is a bundle of reticular fibers.is only found in smooth muscle.
A fascicle is a bundle of collagen fibers is surrounded by perimysium
What is fascicle?
A fascicle is a group of skeletal muscle fibers encased in connective tissue in anatomy.
Fascicules, also known as bundle branches, are specialized muscle fibers in the heart that transfer electrical impulses from the Atrioventricular Node (AV Node) to the Purkinje Fibers. The Bundle of His, which originates from a single fascicle of fibers at the AV node, divides into the right fascicular branch, left anterior fascicular branch, and left posterior fascicular branch.
Skeletal muscle is remarkably capable of remodeling and adapting, as seen by the rise in serial sarcomere number (SSN) or fascicle length (FL) seen in muscles that have been overstretched.
Therefore, A fascicle is a bundle of collagen fibers is surrounded by perimysium
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the____ is a lacy membrane surrounding myofibrils that plays an important role in triggering muscle contraction.
The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle fiber is called the sarcolemma.
What is muscle contraction?
The activation of tension-producing regions inside muscle cells results in muscular contraction. Because muscular tension may be created without changes in muscle length, such as when holding something heavy in the same posture, muscle contraction does not always imply muscle shortening in physiology. Muscle relaxation, or the return of the muscular fibers to their low tension-generating condition, occurs after the end of muscle contraction.
When you do an activity, your muscles tighten, shorten, or lengthen as a result of the contraction. It may occur while holding or picking up something, stretching, or doing weight training.
Hence, The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle fiber is called the sarcolemma.
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